作文一：

　　For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of having a sense of social responsibility. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

　　Human beings are social animals, sharing a social order and are constrained by our common moral and law. Thus, having a sense of social responsibility can help in building a harmonious society.

　　There are two main factors for this. For one thing, every individual has his own lifestyles and interests. Conflicts may occur when people with no social responsibility come to get along with others. A recent news report mentioned that a selfish man, who wanted to enlarge his room, dismantled the wall between his flat and his neighbor's, causing a security risk for the whole building. Such phenomenon could have been avoided if this irresponsible man had thought twice and respected others' safety and interest. For another, social responsibility can bring the whole society to harmony and prosperity. As Churchill said, 'The price of greatness is responsibility'. With social responsibility, there may be less industrial pollution, fewer fake commodities, or even fewer wars.

　　In conclusion, social responsibility is the fundamental responsibility of individuals, enterprises, as well as countries. Therefore, whenever you want to do something selfish, think about the consequences your behavior may bring to the society, and think twice.

　　作文二：

　　For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of having a sense family responsibility. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

　　It is time, at last, to speak about the truth of a sense of family responsibility, and the truth is this. A sense of family responsibility is really not such an optional quality in today's society.

　　A sense of family responsibility is indispensable in two ways. For one thing, it is the basis of a family relationship. Lacking a sense of family responsibility and hence weighing personal interests over those of the family's will definitely cause discord and, in many cases, divorce, especially when the other party properly fulfills his/her duty. Such disregard for family responsibility also jeopardizes the well-being of the kid(s) in the family. Young children are left at home uncared for, or even end up as orphans. For another, the increasing number of individualists and their victims who are abandoned and end up alone unwillingly means a higher risk of social instability and significantly greater burden on the government, and consequently unfairly on every individual in this society.

　　From my perspective, it is crucial that every individual should cultivate a sense of family responsibility. Only in this way can we enjoy being a part of the family, bring happiness to those who we care for, set a good example for our kids, and create a harmonious society.

　　作文三：

　　For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of having a sense of community responsibility. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

　　It is time, at last, to speak the truth about the sense of community responsibility, and the truth is this. Appealing for a sense of community responsibility is really not such a tedious cliché.

　　The sense of community responsibilities is important in two aspects. First, from an individual standpoint, it is crucial to cultivate one’s belonging to the community. Every individual shall have an affinity for a specified group or a place; otherwise, he/she will lose empathy and easily be isolated, which may do harm to his/her self-recognition. Second, it would help make a community a better place for people to live in. Every community has its own rules and regulations, and the purpose of these conventions is to guarantee the sustainability of the community. Such conventions are more likely to be obeyed by those with a sense of community responsibilities.

　　There’s a stimulative effect that kicks in when people have a better sense of community responsibility: Greater social stability. Fewer conflicts in neighborhoods. By harnessing the sense of community responsibility of all individuals, we boost happiness for all people.

　　選詞填空

　　26:G)the detrimental effects

　　27:J)that indulging in

　　28:E)memory deficits

　　29:A)as assessed by

　　30:L)emerge rapidly within

　　31:B)adults assigned to

　　32:O)memory similar to

　　33:C)negative consequences of

　　34:D)changed conspicuously.

　　35:N)exercise regularly

　　人們將性格投射到機(jī)器上

　　26:， under certain circumstances，

　　27: L ...we are lonely.

　　28: .attribute desires to...

　　29: A ...can alleviate loneliness.

　　30: J had been excluded in social setting,

　　31: B ..phones apparently substituted for...

　　32: H ...beliefs and consciousness

　　33: D ...are associating with...

　　34: F ...especially in competitive situations.

　　35: ..saw this feature as...

　　仔細(xì)閱讀

　　46-50:謊言

　　46:A)It shows they have the ability to view complex situations form different angles

　　47:D)It involves lots of sophisticated mental activity

　　48.B)When they face too much peer pressure

　　49: B)When they are under watchful eyes

　　50: B)They will tell bigger lies

　　51-55:大地震

　　51:C)A massive natural catastrophe

　　52:A)To prepare people for a major earthquake and tsunami

　　53:D)Enormous stress is released

　　54:A)Coordinating various disaster-relief efforts

　　55:C)Its occurrence is just a matter of time

　　仔細(xì)閱讀(第三套):

　　46-50昂貴旅途

　　46: B)Protect students from social pressures and enable them to face the world

　　47: B)They widen the gap between privileged and disadvantaged students

　　48: D)Activities involving all students on campus

　　49: C)They don't want their kids to miss any chance to broaden their horizons despite

　　50: C)Avoiding creating new gaps among students

　　51-55:南極帝企鵝

　　51:)King penguins in the Antarctic will be on the verge of dying out而

　　52: C)Industrial fishing and climate change in the Antarctic region in recent years

　　53: D)The majority of them may have to find new breeding grounds in the future 54:)Many baby king penguins can't have food in time

　　55: D)Only a few of its islands can serve as huge breeding grounds for king penguins

　　翻譯：

　　Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

　　翻譯原文：

　　牡丹花色艷麗，形象高雅，象征著和平與繁榮，因而在中國(guó)被稱為“花中之王”。中國(guó)許多地方都培育和種植牡丹。千百年來(lái)，創(chuàng)造了許多詩(shī)歌和繪畫(huà)贊美牡丹。唐代時(shí)期，牡丹在皇家園林普遍種植并被譽(yù)為國(guó)花，因而特別風(fēng)行。十世紀(jì)時(shí)，洛陽(yáng)古城稱為牡丹栽培中心，而且這一地位一直保持到今天�，F(xiàn)在，成千上萬(wàn)的國(guó)內(nèi)游客蜂擁到洛陽(yáng)參加一年一度的牡丹街，欣賞洛陽(yáng)牡丹的獨(dú)特之美，同時(shí)探索九朝古都的歷史。

　　參考譯文：

　　Plum blossom , which tops the ten most famous flowers of China , originated in south China and has a planting history of more than3 , 000 years . In winter , colourful pluln flowers blossom boldly against the cold . In traditional Chinese culture , plum blossom symbolizes toughness , purity and grace , motivating people to face hardships and move forward bravely . In history , many poets and painters gained inspiration from the flower and created countless masterpieces . Ordinary citizens are also fond of the flower , which 15 often used to decorate the house during the Spring Festival . Nanjing City has designated plumb blossoln as the city flower and holds the flower festival every year , which attracts hundreds of thousands of people to appreciate the flower in snow despite the cold .

　　【翻譯原文】

　　梅花(plum blossom)位居中國(guó)十大名花之首，源于中國(guó)南方，已有三千多年的栽培和種植歷史。隆冬時(shí)節(jié)，五顏六色的梅花不畏嚴(yán)寒，迎著風(fēng)雪傲然綻放。在中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化中，梅花象征著堅(jiān)強(qiáng)、純潔、高雅，激勵(lì)人們不畏艱難、砥礪前行。自古以來(lái)，許多詩(shī)人和畫(huà)家從梅花中獲取靈感，創(chuàng)作了無(wú)數(shù)不朽的作品。普通大眾也都喜愛(ài)梅花，春節(jié)期間常用于家庭裝飾。南京市已將梅花定為市花，每年舉辦梅花節(jié)，成千上萬(wàn)的人冒著嚴(yán)寒到梅花山踏雪賞梅。

　　【參考譯文】

　　Plum blossom, which originated in south China, tops the ten most famous flowers of China and has a planting history of more than 3000 years. In mid-winter, colorful plum flowers blossom boldly against the cold. In traditional Chinese culture, plum blossom, which symbolizes toughness, purity and grace, motivates a large body of individuals to move on regardless of the hardship. Many poets and painters gained inspiration from the flower and created countless immortal works ever since ancient times. Ordinary people also love plum blossom, and often use them to decorate their home during the Spring Festival. Nanjing City has designated plum blossom as the city flower and holds the flower festival every year. Thousands of people will visit Meihua Mountain to admire the plum blossom in snow despite of the coldness.

　　【考點(diǎn)解析】

　�、� 第一句：“梅花(plum blossom)位居中國(guó)十大名花之首，源于中國(guó)南方，已有三千多年的栽培和種植歷史�！敝饕�包括三個(gè)小分句，在翻譯時(shí)不要都譯成簡(jiǎn)單句，需要適當(dāng)組織語(yǔ)言變成英文中的復(fù)合句，這句話可以將“源于中國(guó)南方”處理為定語(yǔ)從句置于插入語(yǔ)位置，“位居中國(guó)十大名花之首”和“已有三千多年的栽培和種植歷史。”可以處理成并列句的形式。

　　翻譯例句：Plum blossom, which originated in south China, tops the ten most famous flowers of China and has a planting history of more than 3000 years.

　　② 詞匯的翻譯力求精準(zhǔn)，在本篇翻譯中，“隆冬時(shí)節(jié)”“不畏嚴(yán)寒”“傲然綻放”“堅(jiān)強(qiáng)、純潔、高雅”“不畏艱難、砥礪前行”“靈感”，這些詞匯的難度對(duì)大家來(lái)說(shuō)相對(duì)有些大，希望大家結(jié)合文都四六級(jí)老師所給的參考譯文，將此類(lèi)詞匯進(jìn)行積累記憶。

　　【翻譯原文】

　　荷花是中國(guó)的名花之一，深受人們喜愛(ài)。中國(guó)許多地方的湖泊和池塘都適宜荷花生長(zhǎng)。荷花色彩鮮艷，夏日清晨綻放，夜晚閉合，花期長(zhǎng)達(dá)兩三個(gè)月，吸引來(lái)自各地的游客前往觀賞。荷花具有多種功能，既能綠化水面，又能美化庭園，還可凈化水質(zhì)、減少污染、改善環(huán)境。荷花迎驕陽(yáng)而不懼，出污泥而不染，象征純潔、高雅，常來(lái)比喻人的高尚品德，歷來(lái)是詩(shī)人畫(huà)家創(chuàng)作的重要題材。荷花盛開(kāi)的地方也是許多攝影愛(ài)好者經(jīng)常光顧之地。

　　【翻譯譯文】

　　Lotus is one of the most famous flowers in China and is loved deeply by people. The lakes and ponds in many places of China are fit for lotus to grow. Lotus, which features bright color, blossoms in the summer morning and closes in the evening with a long flowering phase of two to three months, attracts tourists all over the country to appreciate it. Moreover, lotus has multiple functions. It can not only make water surface green and beautify courtyards but also purify water, reduce pollution and improve environment. Due to its characters of not fearing the blazing sun and keeping clean in the dirty soil, lotus symbolizes purity and elegance. It is often used to represent people’s noble virtues so that it has become significant themes for poets and painters throughout the Chinese history. Meanwhile, the places where lotus blooms always attracts many photographers to take photos.

　　【翻譯解析】

　　一.段落整體

　　其一，整個(gè)段落都在介紹荷花的特征，功能，品質(zhì)以及象征意義，所以總體采用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。但是段落末尾提到了荷花“歷來(lái)”是詩(shī)人畫(huà)家創(chuàng)作的重要題材，“歷來(lái)”一詞決定，廣大考生需要考慮時(shí)態(tài)的變化，所以該句應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)來(lái)翻譯比較妥當(dāng)。其二，全段“荷花”重復(fù)較多，但依據(jù)英漢兩種語(yǔ)言的差異，漢譯英時(shí)需要考慮英文的簡(jiǎn)潔性，采用代詞代替荷花。

　　二.詞句翻譯

　　該段落中有很多詞語(yǔ)，面對(duì)這些詞語(yǔ)的翻譯，廣大考生翻譯時(shí)切忌生搬硬套，中英文兩種語(yǔ)言在翻譯過(guò)程中不可能做到完全的對(duì)等，只需盡可能做到忠實(shí)和通順即可。所以在翻譯成語(yǔ)時(shí)可采用意譯的方式。

　�、� 色彩鮮艷 bright color

　�、� 綠化水面 make water surface green

　�、� 美化庭園 beautify courtyards

　�、� 凈化水質(zhì)、減少污染、改善環(huán)境 (動(dòng)賓形式呈現(xiàn))

　　purify water, reduce pollution and improve environment

　�、� 迎驕陽(yáng)而不懼，出污泥而不染

　　該句意為“不害怕熾烈的陽(yáng)光，從污泥中長(zhǎng)出卻保持潔凈�！彼�以大家只需譯出基本含義即可，not fearing the blazing sun and keeping clean in the dirty soil.

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