1.中國菜舉世聞名，而菜名更是詼諧有趣，妙趣橫生，充滿中國人的智慧。很多菜名用字典雅瑰麗，充滿吉祥喜慶之氣，諸如把豆苗(bean seedling)比作“龍須”，雞蛋美名“芙蓉(Confederate rose)”或“鳳凰”，雞爪稱“鳳爪”，豆腐(tofu)叫成“白玉”，等。不少菜名豪華氣派，美不可言，有種湯叫“珍珠瑪瑙(agate)翡翠湯”，只是豆腐、番茄加青菜。一些含有祝賀或象征吉祥的菜名，如竹筍炒排骨是 “步步高升”。有些菜名采用的是成語，蘿卜絲上放根紅辣椒表示“踏雪尋梅”。

　　翻譯：Chinese dishes are world-famous, and the dish names are humorous, interesting and full of wits, fully embodying the wisdom of Chinese people. Many dishes are named with elegant and magnificent characters and are full of auspicious and festive atmosphere. For example, the bean seedling is called “dragon beard”， egg is called “Confederate rose” or “phoenix”，chicken claw is called “phoenix talon”，tofu is called“white jade” and so on.Many dish names are in luxurious style and their beauty is beyond words. For example，there is a soup called “soup of pearl, agate and jade”，but its ingredients are only tofu, tomatoes and vegetables. Some dish names express congratulation or symbolize auspiciousness, such as pork ribs fried with bamboo shoots is called “higher and higher' Some dish names are idioms，such as turnip strips with a red pepper is called “l(fā)ooking for plum flowers while treading on the snow”.

　　2.景德鎮(zhèn)(Jingdezhen)位于江西省東北部，以瓷器而聞名，歷來被譽(yù)為中國的 “千年瓷都”。在景德鎮(zhèn)出產(chǎn)的各類瓷器中，尤以青花瓷(blue and white porcelain)最為突出。清代是青花瓷的鼎盛時(shí)期，景德鎮(zhèn)青花瓷以其燒造精致而獨(dú)占鰲頭。新中國成立后，在景德鎮(zhèn)設(shè)立了人民瓷廠(People's Porcelain Factory)專門生產(chǎn)青花瓷。景德鎮(zhèn)青花瓷造型優(yōu)美，色彩絢麗，裝飾精美，是景德鎮(zhèn)四大傳統(tǒng)名瓷之一，素有“永不凋謝的青花”之稱。青花瓷遠(yuǎn)銷世界各地，受到世界人民的喜愛。

　　翻譯：Jingdezhen，located in the northeast of Jiangxi Province，is famous for porcelain and is honored as “home of porcelain for thousands of years” in China. Among different types of porcelain produced in Jingdezhen，blue and white porcelain is the most renowned. Blue and white porcelain reached its peak in the Qing Dynasty.Blue and white porcelain from Jingdezhen ranked first for its fine production. After new China was founded, People's Porcelain Factory was set up in Jingdezhen to produce blue and white porcelain specially. Blue and white porcelain from Jingdezhen is elegantly shaped，rich in color and delicately decorated. It is one of the four famous traditional types of porcelain in Jingdezhen, and enjoys the reputation of “ever-green blue and white porcelain”.Blue and white porcelain has been sold to countries all over the world and is liked by people around the world.

　　3.臉譜(facial makeup)是指中國傳統(tǒng)戲劇—京劇里男演員臉部的彩色化妝。 它在色彩、形式和類型上有一定的格式。臉譜運(yùn)用紅色、黃色、白色、黑色、紫色、綠色和銀色代表不同的人物性格。各角色的臉譜由油漆、粉和油彩畫成，基 本形式是整臉、三塊瓦臉(San Kuai Wa Lian)和碎臉。這些臉譜類型被廣泛用于代 表將軍、官員、英雄、神靈和鬼魅。通過眼睛和鼻子周圍形狀各異的白色小塊, 可以辨別出丑角(Chou actors)。有時(shí)這些小塊以黑色勾勒，常稱小花臉。

　　翻譯：Facial makeup refers to the colorful painting on the face of the actors in Peking Opera, which is a traditional Chinese opera. It has certain format in terms of color,design and type. Red，yellow，white，black，purple，green and silver are the main colors used for facial makeup to represent different characters. The facial designs for the roles are made by painting, powdering and coloring in the basic forms of Zheng Lzan(keeping the basic face pattern)，San Kuai Wa Lian(three-section face) and Sui Lian(fragmentary face).These types are widely used to represent generals,officials，heroes, gods and ghosts. The Chou (clown) actors can be recognized by the patch of white in various shapes painted around the eyes and nose. Sometimes these patches are outlined in black, often called Xiao Hua Lian(partly painted face).

　　4.唐朝時(shí)期，人們就在昌南建造窯坊(kiln),燒制出一種青白瓷(bluish white porcelain)。青白瓷色彩晶瑩，有“人造玉器”的美稱，因而遠(yuǎn)近聞名，并大量出口歐洲。當(dāng)時(shí)，歐洲人還不會制造瓷器，因此中國特別是昌南鎮(zhèn)的瓷器很受歡迎。 在歐洲，昌南鎮(zhèn)瓷器是備受珍愛的貴重物品，人們以能獲得一件昌南鎮(zhèn)瓷器為榮。因此，歐洲人就以“昌南”作為瓷器和生產(chǎn)瓷器的“中國”的代稱。久而久之，歐洲人就把昌南的本意忘卻了，只記得它是“瓷器”，即“中國”了。

　　翻譯：In the Tang Dynasty, people started to build kilns to make bluish white porcelain in Changnan. The bluish white porcelain was glittering and had the reputation of artificial jade, so it became famous home and abroad and was exported to Europe in large amount. At that time, Europeans were not able to make porcelain,so porcelain from China，especially from Changnan，was warmly welcomed. In Europe，porcelain from Changnan was luxurious article cherished by everyone, and obtaining even one piece of it would make people feel very proud. In this way，Europeans used Changnan as the code name for china (porcelain) and the place of its production，China. Gradually, Europeans forgot the original meaning of Changnan，only remembering it is “china”，namely“China”.

　　5.刺繡(embroidery)是中國藝術(shù)中一顆璀燦的明珠。從華麗的龍袍到今日的時(shí)裝，刺繡為我們的文化和生活增添了許多樂趣。中國記載的最古老的刺繡可追溯至商朝。在當(dāng)時(shí)，刺繡象征著社會地位。隨著國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，刺繡走進(jìn)普通人的生活。對于足不出戶的女子來說，刺繡是一種優(yōu)雅的工作。想象一下，一位美麗的年輕女子在家刺繡:一針一線，她為愛人繡一對鴛鴦(mandarin duck)。寒冷的冬日，屋子里充滿香氣。多么美麗動人的畫面啊!

　　翻譯：Embroidery is a brilliant pearl in Chinese art. From the magnificent dragon robes worn by emperors to today's fashions, embroidery adds a great deal of pleasure to our culture and life. The oldest embroidery on record in China dates from the Shang Dynasty. Embroidery in this period symbolized social status. As the national economy developed, embroidery entered the life of the common people.Embroideiy was an elegant task for ladies who were forbidden to go out of their homes. Imagine a beautiful young lady embroidering at home:stitch by stitch, she ;embroiders a pair of mandarin ducks for her lover. It is a cold winter day and the room is filled with sweet smell. What a touching and beautiful picture!

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