大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試主謂一致的三條黃金法則

　　在大學(xué)英語四級(jí)測(cè)試的“詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)”一題中，考查主語和謂語一致關(guān)系的試題居多。所以主謂一致是各類一致關(guān)系中應(yīng)該重點(diǎn)掌握的內(nèi)容。現(xiàn)代英語主謂一致大致要遵循以下三條原則：

　　1)語法一致原則。主語是單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;主語是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

　　【例如】

　　My friend has no intention of going shopping with me.

　　My friends have no intention of going shopping with me.

　　2)意義一致原則。主語和謂語的一致不是由主語的語法形式來決定，而是由主語所表達(dá)的意義決定。

　　【例如】

　　The class are busying writing English passages.

　　The United States is a developed country which has advanced science and technology.

　　帶有復(fù)數(shù)詞尾的學(xué)科名稱、國家等在意義是表示單數(shù)概念，用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞。

　　3)就近原則。謂語動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)取決于最靠近它的主語。由either....or, neither....nor, not only....but also連接或由here, there等引導(dǎo)的句子，謂語動(dòng)詞遵循這一原則。

　　【例如】Neither my friends nor I was able to persuade him to accept our advice.

　　Either he or she has broken the window, for there is no one else there.

　　There is a teacher and fifty students in the classroom.