國畫(1)

　　中國國畫的根源可以追溯到新石器時代的陶器(Neolithic pottery)，比如魚、青蛙、鹿、鳥、花、樹葉的形狀。

　　最早的中國漢字是象形文字(pictograph)。

　　由于相似的工具被使用于最早期的繪畫和書寫，繪畫被認為是與書法(calligraphy)有著相同的起源。

　　這樣一來，中國國畫就有著一種非凡的特征，也就是說，詩意和書法被印刻(inscribe)在畫中，從而三者合為一體.給人們一種更加強烈的美的享受。

　　參考翻譯

　　The roots of Chinese painting can be traced back to paintings on Neolithic pottery，such as figures of fish，frogs，deer，birds，flowers and tree leaves.

　　The earliest Chinese characters were pictographs.

　　Since similar tools were used for the earliest painting and writing，painting is said to have the same origin as calligraphy.

　　Thus，Chinese painting has an outstanding characteristic，that is to say, poetry or calligraphy are inscribed on paintings so that the three are integrated，giving people a keener enjoyment of beauty.

　　難點點撥

　　1.第一句中，“追溯到”還可以譯為date back to或go back to。

　　2.第三句中，“被使用于”含被動含義，且此處表達過去的情況，故譯為 were used for;“被認為是”還可以譯為is deemed to或is considered to。

　　3.第四句中，“這樣一來”還可以譯為therefore;“也就是說”還可以譯為in other words;“三者合為一體”應(yīng)該使用被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，可譯為the three are integrated;“給人們一種更加強烈的美的享受”為結(jié)果狀語，故用現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語，可譯為giving people a keener enjoyment of beauty。

　　國畫(2)

　　國畫是中國文化遺產(chǎn)的重要組成部分。

　　不同于西方畫，它是用毛筆(Chinese brush)和墨汁在宣紙(xuan paper)上作畫的。

　　精通這門藝術(shù)需要不斷重復(fù)的練習(xí)， 需要控制好毛筆，需要對宣紙和墨汁有一定的認識。

　　繪畫前，畫家必須在腦海里有一個草圖并根據(jù)他的想象力和經(jīng)驗進行繪畫。

　　許多中國畫家既是詩人，又是書法家。他們經(jīng)常會在自己的畫上親手添加詩作。

　　參考翻譯

　　Chinese painting is an important part of the country’s cultural heritage.

　　It distinguishes itself from Western painting in that it is drawn on Xuan paper with the Chinese brush and Chinese ink.

　　To attain proficiency in this art, it is necessary to have a good control of the brush, and certain knowledge of Xuan paper and Chinese ink besides repeated exercises.

　　Before painting, the painter must have a draft in his mind and draw according to his imagination and experience.

　　Many a Chinese painter is at the same time a poet and calligrapher who often adds a poem with his own hand on the painting.

　　難點點撥

　　1.不同于西方畫，它是用毛筆和墨汁在宣紙上作畫的:“不同于”可譯為distinguishoneself from sth.,也可用bedifferent from 表示。“毛筆和墨汁”可譯為the Chinesebrush and Chinese ink,此處可同用一個冠詞表示整體;“用”可用介詞with，表示方式。

　　2.精通這門藝術(shù)需要不斷重復(fù)的練習(xí)，需要控制好毛筆，需要對宣紙和墨汁有一定的認識:“精通這門藝術(shù)”可譯為toattain proficiency in this art，attain意為“獲得、獲取”，proficiency意為“精通、熟練”。“需要控制好毛筆，需要對宣紙和墨汁有一定的認識”，該句可理解為“控制好毛筆和認識宣紙、墨汁也是必要的”。

　　國畫(3)

　　國畫是漢族的傳統(tǒng)繪畫形式，是用毛筆蘸水、墨、彩作畫于絹(silken cloth)或紙上。

　　工具和材料有毛筆、墨、顏料(pigment)、宣紙(rice paper)、絹等，題材可分人物、山水、花鳥等，技法可分具象和寫意。

　　中國畫在內(nèi)容和藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作上，體現(xiàn)了古人對自然、社會及與之相關(guān)聯(lián)的政治、哲學(xué)、宗教、道德、文藝等方面的認知。

　　參考翻譯

　　Chinese painting is the traditional painting form of the Han nationality, which is painted on the silken cloth or paper with the writing brush stained with water, ink or paint.

　　The tools and materials include the writing brush, ink, pigment, rice paper, silken cloth, etc.

　　The themes can be figures, landscapes, flowers and birds, and the techniques can be divided into figurative painting and freehand painting.

　　In terms of the content and art, Chinese painting expresses the ancient people’s understanding of nature and society, as well as the politics, philosophy, religion, morality, literature and art related to them.

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