新四級難點(diǎn)考前沖刺：快速閱讀制勝完全攻略

　　填空要做到完整不出意外，按以下三步走。

　　一、定性�？崭褚�求什么性質(zhì)的東西。是一個詞、短語、還是從句等。還要分清性質(zhì)，是名詞性動詞性還是形容詞性等，填的時候?qū)ΠY下藥。

　　二、定位。這一步跟前面是通用的。

　　三、基本照抄。原文照搬即可。問題是抄哪一部分，哪幾個詞，取決于第一步定性的結(jié)果。

　　看真題。

　　8. The greatest benefit brought about by the interstate system was __________.

　　9. Trucks using the interstate highways deliver more than ________________.

　　10. The interstate system was renamed after Eisenhower in recognition of ______________.

　　第八題是一個表語，名詞性的，可能是詞，短語或從句。原文是：

　　Above all,the interstate system provides individuals with what they enerish most:personal freedom of mobility.

　　不能填provide…, 這是個動詞短語。后面what..引導(dǎo)的名詞從句可以，冒號后名詞短語是對這個名詞從句內(nèi)容的具體化，最好：personal freedom of mobility.

　　第九題填deliver的賓語，要填一個含數(shù)字的名詞短語。

　　The interstate system has been an essential element of the nation's economic growth in terms of shipping and job creation:more than 75 percent of the nation's freight deliveries arrive by truck.and most products that arrive by rail or air use interstates for the last leg of the journey by vehicle.

　　從75開始的名詞短語是：75 percent of the nation’s freight deliveries, deliveries與題中的deliver重復(fù)，去掉。

　　第十題，介詞之后，名詞短語。

　　The high way system was officially renamed for Eisenhower to honor his vison and leadership.

　　不能從to honor截取，它是動詞不定式短語，不能作介詞賓語，后面his vision and leadership才是。

　　III.總結(jié)

　　快速閱讀的核心技術(shù)是略讀與掃描，也就是用最快的速度抓住文章最重要的內(nèi)容以及題目所涉及到的內(nèi)容。

　　它要求我們在閱讀時要有選擇性：該讀的讀，不該讀的跳。具體來說，在篇章的層次上能夠判斷一篇文章重要的段落在哪兒，跳過不重要的段落；在句子的層面上能夠分清哪部分重要，哪些應(yīng)該略過。

　　這要求我們牢記閱讀的目的，始終以所要的東西作為判斷輕重的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。拋棄逐字逐句的閱讀方式，實(shí)現(xiàn)跳躍式前進(jìn)。

　　判斷由兩分變?yōu)槿�分，需要調(diào)整一下思路，主要是不要輕易斷言一個選項(xiàng)是N，出現(xiàn)模糊時，拿出“邏輯上否定”的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，自可迎刃而解。

　　世上無難題，只怕思路清。

　　附：快速閱讀真題

　　Directions: In this part,you will have 15 minute to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet1

　　For questions 1-7,mark

　　Y(for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;

　　N(for NO) if statement cintradicts the information given in the passage;

　　NG(for NOT CIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.

　　for question 8-10 ,complete the sentenced with the information given in the passage.

　　Highway

　　Early in the 20th century, most of the sreets and raods in the U.S. were made of dirt,brick, and cedar wood blocks. Uilt for hosrse, carriage, and foot traffic, they were usually poorly cared for and too narrow to accommodate(容納) automobiles.

　　With the increase in aoto production, private turnpike(收費(fèi)公路) companies under local authorities began to spring up, and by 1921 there were 387, 000 miles of paved roads. Many were built using specifications of 19th century Scottish engineers Thomas Telford and John MacAdam(for whom the macadam surface is named), whose specificatins stressed the importance of adequate drainage. Beyond that, there were no national standards for size, weight restrictions, or commercial signs. During World War I, roads throughout the country were nearly destroyed by the weight of trucks. When General Eisenhower returned form Germany in 1919, after serving in the U.S. Army’s first trascontinental motor convoy(車隊(duì)), he noted:“the old convoy had started me thinking about good, two-lane highways, but Germany’s Autobahn or motorway had made me see the wisdom of broader ribbons across the land.”

　　It would take another war before the federal government would act on a national higway system. During World War II, tremendous increase in trucks and new roads wree required. The war demonstrated how critical highways were to the defense effort. Thirteen per cent of defense plants received all their supplies by truck, and almost all other plants shipped more than half of their products by vehicle. The war also revealed that local control of highways had led to a confusing vareity of design standards. Even federal and state highways did not follow basic standards. Some states allowed trucks up to 36,000 pounds,while others restricted anything over 7,000 pounds. A goverment study recommended a national highway systerm of 33,920 miles,and congress passed the Federcal-Aid Highway Act of 1944,which called for strict,centrally controlled desert criterra.

　　The interstate highway system was finally launched in 1956 and has been hailed as one of the greatest public works projects of the century .To bulid its 44,000-mile web of highways,bridge.and tunnels hundreds of unique engineering designs and solutions had to be worked out.Consider the many geographic ,features of the country:mountains,steep grades,wetlands,rivers,desorts and plains.Variables included the slope of the land,the ability of the pavement to support the load.Innovative, designs of roadways,tunnels,bridges,overpasses,and interchanges that could run through or bypass urban areas soon began to weave their way across the country ,forever altering the face of American .

　　Long-span,segmented-concrete,cable-stayed bridges such as Hale Boggs in Louisiana and the Sunshine Skyway in Florida,and remarkable tunnels like Fort Mchenry in Maryland and Mr.bakerin Washington developed under the nation's physical challenges,Traffic control systems and methods of construction developed uder the interstate program soon influenced highway construction around the world,ang were invaluable in improving the condition of urban streets and traffic patterns.

　　Today, the interstate system links every major city in the U.S,and the U.S with Canada and Mexico,Built with safety in mind the highways have wide lanes and shoulders,dividing medians,or barriers,long entry and exit lanes,ourves engineered for safe turns,and limited access. The death rate on highways is half that of all other U.S roads (0.86 deaths per 100 million passenger miles compared to 1.99 deaths per 100 million on all other roads)

　　By opening the North American continent,highways have enabled consumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural areas of the country, spurred the growth of suburbs, and provided people with greater options in terms of jobs,access to to cutural programs, health care ,and other benefits.Above all,the interstate system provides individuals with what they enerish most:personal freedom of mobility.

　　The interstate system has been an essential element of the nation's economic growth in terms of shipping and job creation:more than 75 percent of the nation's freight deliveries arrive by truck.and most products that arrive by rail or air use interstates for the last leg of the journey by vehicle.Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes,it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations ,motels,restaurants,and shopping centres.It has allower the rwlocation of manufacturing plants and other industries from urban areas to rural.

　　By the end of the century there was an immense network of paved roads ,residential streets,expressways,and freeways built to support millions of vehicles. The high way system was officially renamed for Eisenhower to honor his vison and leadership.The year construction began he said:"Together,the united forces of our communication and transportation systems are dynamic elements in the very name we bear -United States.Without them ,we would be a mere alliance of many sepaeate parts."

　　1. National standards for paved roads were in place by 1921.

　　2.General Eisenhower felt that the broad German motorways made more sense than the two lane highways of America.

　　3. It was in the 1950s that the American government finally took action to build a national high way system.

　　4. Many of the problems presented by the country’s geographical features found solutions in I novative engieering projects.

　　5. In spite of safety considerations, the death rate on interstate highways is still higher than that of other American roads.

　　6. The interstate highway system provids access between major military installations in America.

　　7. Service stations, motels and restaurants promoted the development of the interstate higway system.

　　8. The greatest benefit brought about by the interstate system was __________.

　　9. Trucks using the interstate highways deliver more than ________________.

　　10. The interstate system was renamed after Eisenhower in recognition of ______________.

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