2009年12月英語四級快速閱讀專項(xiàng)突破(二)

　　ONE: INTEGRATION of Tourism into Overall Policy for Sustainable Development, through: Regional and National Strategies: to balance tourism with broader economic, social and environmental objectives, and integrate it into sustainable development plans.

　　Interagency Coordination and Cooperation: to improve the management and development of tourism between different departments.

　　Interagency Management: to coordinate the allocation of land uses, and use of other resources, and to regulate inappropriate activities that damage ecosystems.

　　Reconciling Conflicting Resource Uses: to identify and resolve conflicts between tourism and other activities at an early stage, by involving all relevant stakeholders in the development, and effective implementation of sound management plans.

　　TWO: DEVELOPMENT of Sustainable Tourism, through: Planning for Development & Land-use at sub-National Level: to conserve the environment, maintain the quality of the visitor experience, and provide benefits for local communities.

　　Environment Impact Assessment (EIA): to anticipate environment impacts by undertaking comprehensive EIAs for all tourism development programs.

　　Planning Measures:to ensure that tourism development remains within national and local plans for all types of activities,by implementing effective carrying capacity programs, planning controls and management.

　　Legislative Framework: to establish standards for land use in tourism development, tourism facilities, management and investment in tourism.

　　Environment Standards: to improve environmental quality, to set targets for reducing pollution from all sectors and to prevent development in inappropriate areas.

　　Regional Approaches: to establish common models for incentives, environmental policies, and integrated tourism development planning at regional level.

　　THREE: MANAGEMENT of Tourism through: Initiatives by Industry:

　　to promote sustainable tourism and to give local communities a share in the ownership and benefits of tourism; and use and promotion of

　　eco-efficiency and cleaner production

　　environment management systems and environment sound technologies(EST) for tourism and associated infrastructure.

　　Compliance Mechanisms: to provide incentives, monitor compliance, and to enforce regulations and standards where necessary.

　　Monitoring: to detect problems at early stage and to enable action to prevent the possibility of more serious damage.

　　FOUR: CONDITION FOR SUCCESS,through: Involvement of Stakeholders: to increase the long-term success of tourism projects by involving all stakeholders in the development and implementation of tourism plans.