Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting
behavior. Viewing biologically, the modern footballer is revealed as a S1.________
member of a disguised hunting pack. His killing weapon has turned into
a harmless football and his prey into a goal-mouth. If his aim is inaccurate S2.________
and he scores a goal, enjoys the hunter's triumph of killing his prey. S3._________
To understand how this transformation has taken place we
must briefly look up at our ancient ancestors. They spent over a S4.________
million year evolving as co-operative hunters. Their very survival S5._______
depended on success in the hunting-field. Under this pressure their whole
way of life, even if their bodies, became radically changed. They became S6.________
chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers, throwers and prey-killers.
They co-operate as skillful male-group attackers. S7.________
Then, about ten thousand years ago, when this immensely long S8.________
formative period of hunting for food, they became farmers. Their
improved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life, were put to a new S9._______
use-that of penning ( 把……關在圈中), controlling and domesticating
their prey. The food was there on the farms, awaiting their needs. The
risks and uncertainties of farming were no longer essential for survival. S10._______
參考答案:
S1. Viewing→Viewed
S2. inaccurate→accurate
S3. (,)∧(enjoys)→he
S4. up→/
S5. year→years
S6. if→/
S7. co-operate→co-operated
S8. when→after
S9. were→was
S10.farming→hunting
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