Passage Two
In police work, you can never predict the next crime or problem. No working day is identical to any other, so there is no (S1) _____ day for a police officer. Some days are (S2)_________ slow, and the job is (S3)________; other days are so busy that there is no time to eat. I think I can (S4)________ police work in one word: (S5)________. Sometimes it's dangerous. One day, for example, I was working undercover; that is, I was on the job, but I was wearing (S6) ________ clothes, not my police (S7)________. I was trying to catch some robbers who were stealing money from people as they walked down the street. Suddenly,(S8) ___________________________________________Another policeman arrived, and together, we arrested three of the men; but the other four ran away. Another day, I helped a woman who was going to have a baby. (S9)_____________________ ___________. I put her in my police car to get her there faster. I thought she was going to have the baby right there in my car. But fortunately, (S10) _____________________.
(S1) typical
(S2) relatively
(S3) boring
(S4) describe
(S5) variety
(S6) normal
(S7) uniform
(S8) seven bad men jumped out at me/came to me and we got into/began a fight.
(S9) She was trying to get to/going to the hospital. But there was a bad traffic jam.
(S10) the baby arrived in the hospital.
原文:
S8. seven bad men jumped out at me; one of them had a knife, and we got into a fight.
S9. She was trying to get to the hospital, but there was a bad traffic jam.
S10. the baby waited to "arrive" until we got to the hospital.
縮小了內容范圍,考生聽音時更具針對性和準確性,心理放松,更為自信,使自己在考試中處于主動地位。
(2)聽第一遍錄音應從大處著眼,小處著手,聽為主,記為輔,聽寫結合,雙管齊下
聽第一遍錄音時應盡量放松,抓主要信息(大處著眼),將注意力集中在空格部分,尤其注意聽清或寫下第一個詞和最后一個詞(小處著手)。否則,就可能糊里糊涂地什么也沒聽清。要特別提醒:聽第一遍時不要手忙腳亂、邊聽邊記,或為了某一個詞而造成意識上的暫時停頓,破壞整句或整段的理解。
第一遍是全文朗讀,要求考生注意聽懂全文內容。由于聽音前考生已瀏覽了卷面文字,對聽力材料有了大致的了解,因此聽讀第一遍時,考生可以適當?shù)靥顚懶﹩卧~和做些筆記,聽為主,記為輔。第一遍記下關鍵詞有助于第二遍聽寫時啟發(fā)記憶,提示要點,同時也減輕了第二遍筆記的任務,使筆記更加充實、完整,依次與出的內容要點才會更加全面、準確。聽和記兩種不同的語言技能在"復合式聽寫"中有著緊密的聯(lián)系,相互促進。
(3)聽第二遍錄音時,留神停頓信號,注意意群和關鍵詞語。
第二遍在聽懂的基礎上,迅速記下所聽的內容。這一遍主要是搶速度,用簡寫等方式或用圖形、符號記錄下內容就行。一般考生聽完兩遍基本可聽懂句意;但只憑記憶寫要點,往往容易有疏漏和錯誤。足夠信息量的筆記是寫好要點的重要條件;但如何在有限的時間內記錄下更多的內容呢?這里介紹幾種方法。
首先,可使用縮略語。可用esp.代especially,sth代something, apprec代appreciation等。沒有縮略語的詞匯,如字母較少的單詞,可完整寫出該詞,如gift, take,字母較多的單詞(只寫該詞前幾個字母;這里的基本要求是快速,省時,并能表達含義?s略語不一定要求規(guī)范,甚至可用些符號,所記內容不一定要求完整,只要能起到提示的作用,自己能看懂就行了。
其次,由于"復合式聽寫"第二部分朗讀時沒有停頓,即使使用縮略語也難記下全文,因此考生應有選擇地記筆記。英語中實詞具有表意功能,而虛詞多具語法功能,所以記詞應以實詞為主。
另外,因為"復合式聽寫"第二部分只要求寫出內容要點,這樣考生應重點記下句中的中心詞。短語a thank-you gift,greatly appreciated和quite acceptable中的定、狀語便可略去不記。
通過這幾種方法,考生大大壓縮了所記的詞語,贏得了時間,精練了內容,增大了筆記的信息量,提高記筆記的效率,為寫好內容要點創(chuàng)造了條件。
(4)聽第三遍錄音時,注意聽沒有聽明白或沒有記錄下來的詞或句。
如果都已記下,就重點檢查、修正記錄內容。考生應針對以上內容及第一部分和第二部分的主題句進行診斷,判斷,概括。文章要點顯然不可缺漏,但也并非多多益善,考生應分清主次,有所取舍,從這個意義上說,"復合式聽寫"還要求考生具有一定的邏輯分析和歸納能力。文字表達應簡潔、通順、準確。
如:分析Passage Two 的原文:
S8 seven bad men jumped out at me; one of them had a knife, and we got into a fight.
S9. She was trying to get to the hospital, but there was a bad traffic jam.
S10. the baby waited to "arrive" until we got to the hospital.
Passage Two的參考答案:
(S8) seven bad men jumped out at me/came to me and we got into/began a fight.
(S9) She was trying to get to/going to the hospital. But there was a bad traffic jam.
(S10) the baby arrived in the hospital.
我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)它有以下特點:
1.將內容要點分列為幾點,清楚明白,一目了然。
2.要點盡可能用完整的簡單句表達,不宜用短語,句式也不宜過于復雜。
3.盡量省去語句中可有可無的修飾成份。
總而言之,考生應用有限的詞語簡潔明了地概括出所聽內容的全部要點,使內容要點和語言表達達到有機的完美統(tǒng)一。
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