英語(yǔ)六級(jí)寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典范文及點(diǎn)評(píng)：萬(wàn)能的美元

　　金錢(qián)要求你將自己的才智出售給他人的理智，而不是將你的缺點(diǎn)出售給他們的愚蠢。對(duì)待金錢(qián)要有正確的態(tài)度。也許金錢(qián)可以是你衡量自身能力的一種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，卻不是唯一的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

　　The Almighty Dollar

　　Political and technological developments are rapidly obliterating all cultural differences and it is possible that, in a not remote future, it will be impossible to distinguish human beings living on one area of the earth’s surface from those living on any other①, but our different pasts have not yet been completely erased and cultural differences are still perceptible. The most striking difference between an American and a European is the difference in their attitudes towards money. Every European knows, as a matter of historical fact, that, in Europe, wealth could only be acquired at the expense of other human beings②, either by conquering them or by exploiting their labor in factories. Further, even after the Industrial Revolution began, the number of persons who could rise from poverty to wealth was small: the vast majority took it for granted that they should not be much richer nor poorer than their fathers. In consequence, no European associates wealth with personal merit or poverty with personal failure.
　　In the United States, wealth was also acquired by stealing, but the real exploited victim was not a human being but poor Mother Earth and her creatures who were ruthlessly plundered. It is true that the Indians were expropriated, but this was not, as it had always been in Europe, a matter of the conqueror seizing the wealth of the conquered, for the Indian had never realized the potential riches of his country. It is also true that, in the Southern states, men lived on the labor of slaves, but slave labor did not make them fortunes; what made slavery in the South all the more inexcusable was that, in addition to being morally wicked, it didn’t even pay off handsomely.
　　Thanks to the natural resources of the country, every American, until quite recently, could reasonably look forward to making more money than his father, so that, if he made less, the fault must be his; he was either lazy or inefficient. What an American values, therefore, is not the possession of money as such, but his power to make it as a proof of his manhood; once he has proved himself by making it, it has served its function and can be lost or given away. In no society in history have rich men given away so large a part of their fortunes. A poor American feels guilty at being poor, but less guilty than an American rentier who has inherited wealth but is doing nothing to increase it; what can the latter do but take to drink and psychoanalysis?

　　[432 words]

　　行文點(diǎn)評(píng)

　　作者威斯特·休·奧登(Wystan Hugh Auden)(1907—1973)，英國(guó)詩(shī)人，文學(xué)評(píng)論家，20世紀(jì)30年代英國(guó)左翼青年作家領(lǐng)袖，40年代起思想向右轉(zhuǎn)變，后期詩(shī)歌帶有濃厚宗教色彩，1946年入美國(guó)國(guó)籍。
　　本文比較了歐洲人的金錢(qián)觀和美國(guó)人的金錢(qián)觀。文章第一段就指明美國(guó)人和歐洲人之間有文化差異，而最明顯的在于他們對(duì)待金錢(qián)的不同態(tài)度。緊接著作者先闡述了歐洲人對(duì)待金錢(qián)的態(tài)度。在第二段和第三段中，作者具體介紹了美國(guó)人的金錢(qián)觀，從而得出結(jié)論：歐洲人靠剝削別人致富，美國(guó)人靠掠奪自然資源致富;歐洲人抓住金錢(qián)不放，美國(guó)人認(rèn)為最重要的不是金錢(qián)本身而是賺錢(qián)的能力。本文又是一篇很好的comparison and contrast結(jié)構(gòu)的范文。

　　好文妙譯

　　萬(wàn)能的美元

　　政治與科技的發(fā)展正迅速消除一切文化差異，在不久的將來(lái)，人們有可能沒(méi)辦法把地球上一個(gè)地區(qū)的人與居住在另一個(gè)地區(qū)的人區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)，但我們不同的過(guò)去還沒(méi)有完全被抹滅，文化的差異依然清晰可見(jiàn)。美國(guó)人與歐洲人之間最明顯的不同在于他們對(duì)待金錢(qián)的態(tài)度不同。每個(gè)歐洲人都知道(其實(shí)這也是歷史事實(shí))：在歐洲要獲得財(cái)富只能犧牲別人，不論是通過(guò)征服他們，還是通過(guò)在工廠里剝削他們的勞動(dòng)。此外，即使工業(yè)革命開(kāi)始后，能由窮變富的人仍是少數(shù)：絕大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為他們不會(huì)比自己上一代富太多或窮太多是理所當(dāng)然的事。因此，沒(méi)有歐洲人會(huì)把財(cái)富與個(gè)人成就，或者把貧窮與個(gè)人失敗聯(lián)系在一起。
　　在美國(guó)，財(cái)富也是偷盜而來(lái)，但那個(gè)真正受剝削的犧牲品不是人，而是被殘酷掠奪的的可憐的大地母親和她的生物。印第安人確實(shí)被剝奪了土地，但這并不像在歐洲那樣征服者掠奪被征服者的財(cái)富，因?yàn)橛〉诎踩藦膩?lái)沒(méi)有意識(shí)到他們國(guó)土上潛在的財(cái)富。在南方各州，也的確有人靠奴隸的勞動(dòng)生活，但奴隸勞力并沒(méi)有使他們發(fā)大財(cái);南方奴隸制尤其不可原諒之處，除了它道德上極惡劣外，還在于它甚至不能慷慨地讓南方人賺一大筆錢(qián)。
　　由于美國(guó)自然資源很豐富，直到最近，每個(gè)美國(guó)人都有理由指望賺得比他父親多，所以如果他賺得比他父親少了，一定是他的錯(cuò);不是他太懶，就是他不能干。因此，美國(guó)人看重的不是有錢(qián)這件事本身，而是他借以證明其男子漢氣概的賺錢(qián)能力;一旦他賺到了錢(qián)證明了自己，錢(qián)就達(dá)到了它的功用，此時(shí)或失去或贈(zèng)人都無(wú)所謂了。歷史上沒(méi)有一個(gè)社會(huì)的富人會(huì)把那么一大筆財(cái)富送掉。一個(gè)貧窮的美國(guó)人會(huì)因?yàn)楦F而感到慚愧，但他的羞愧之情還不及一個(gè)繼承了一筆財(cái)富卻沒(méi)辦法使其增值的美國(guó)人;后者除了酗酒，看心理醫(yī)生之外還能怎么辦呢?

　　詞匯斟酌

　　almighty a. 全能的
　　obliterate vt. 涂去, 刪除, 使湮沒(méi)
　　remote a. 遙遠(yuǎn)的, 偏僻的
　　perceptible a. 可察覺(jué)的, 顯而易見(jiàn)的, 感覺(jué)得到的
　　ruthlessly ad. 冷酷地, 殘忍地
　　plunder v. 搶劫;偷盜;掠奪…的財(cái)物
　　expropriate v. 沒(méi)收;征用;奪取所有權(quán)
　　wicked a.壞的, 邪惡的, 缺德的
　　handsomely ad. 慷慨地
　　rentier n. 靠利息及地租等生活的人
　　psychoanalysis n. 精神分析;心理分析

　　佳句臨摹

　�、佟咀⑨尅縟istinguish...from... 區(qū)別，辨別
　　【臨摹】The twins are so alike that no one can distinguish one from the other.這對(duì)雙胞胎長(zhǎng)的很像，沒(méi)人能分清誰(shuí)是誰(shuí)。

　�、凇咀⑨尅縜t the expense of sth 在損失或損壞某事物的情況下
　　【臨摹】He built up a successful business but it was all done at the expense of his health.他創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)成功的企業(yè)，卻犧牲了自己的健康。

　　思如泉涌

　　Money is the key that opens all doors. 金錢(qián)是打開(kāi)一切門(mén)戶(hù)的鑰匙。
　　A light purse is a heavy curse. 為人無(wú)錢(qián)處處難。

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