點(diǎn)擊查看：2018年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀100篇
Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal. but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to one's side. or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries. curling che finger to oneself is a sign of farewell.
Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War II and marked them GJIF-r to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that "Gift" means poison in German. Moreover. we like to think of ourselves as friendly. yet we prefer to be at least ,3 feet or an arm's length away from others. Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and couch. which makes Americans uncomfortable.
Our linguistic and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes.gestures. customs and languages of other countries. are losing us friends. business and respect in the world.
Even here in the United States. we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual (多語(yǔ)言的) guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters. bank clerks andpolicemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them.
When we go abroad. we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. The attitudes andinformation we pick up are conditioned by those natives-usually the richer-who speak English. Our businessdealings, as well as the nation's diplomacy. are conducted through interpreters.
For many years, America and Americans could get by wich cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance. Afterall. America was the most powerful country of che free world, the distributor of needed funds and goods.
But all that is past. American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A l979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americanswant this country to play a more significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the next century, even though it may not always be the upper hand.
1.It can be inferred that Americans being approached too closely by Middle Easterners would most probably_______________.
A) stand still
B) jump aside
C) step forward
D) draw back
2. The author gives many examples io criticize Americans for their_______________.
A) cultural self-centeredness
B) casual manners
C) indifference towards foreign visitors
D) arrogance towards other cultures
3. In countries other than their own most Americans_____________.
A) are isolated by the local people
B) are not well informed due to the language barrier
C) tend to get along well with the natives
D) need interpreters in hotels and restaurants
4. According to the author. Americans' cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance will_________.
A) affect their image in the new era
B) cut themselves off from the outside world
C) limit their role in world affairs
D) weaken the position of the U.S. dollar
5. The author's intention in writing this article is Lo make Americans realize that____________.
A) it is dangerous to ignore their foreign friends
B) it is important to maintain their leading role in world affairs
C) it is necessary to use several languages in public places
D) it is time to get acquainted with other cultures
答案：
1.從文中可以推測(cè)出，如果中東人太接近美國(guó)人，美國(guó)人多半會(huì)________。
A) 站立不動(dòng)
B) 跳到一旁
C) 走上前
D)退后
[D]文章第2段提到，我們喜歡和其他人保持至少3英尺或一臂之長(zhǎng)的距離。但拉丁人和中東人卻喜歡站得很近，身體互相接觸，而這使美國(guó)人很不舒服。由此可推斷，如雙方靠得太近，美國(guó)人定會(huì)向后退。因此，D與文中所陳述的意思一致，故而正確。
2.作者給出了很多例子來(lái)批評(píng)美國(guó)人，認(rèn)為他們_______________。
A) 在文化上以自我為中心
B) 行為很隨便
C) 對(duì)外國(guó)游客很冷漠
D) 對(duì)其他的文化很無(wú)知
[A]作者在文章的開(kāi)篇就提出了淪點(diǎn)，即我們的文化觀使大多數(shù)美國(guó)人認(rèn)為自己的語(yǔ)言世界通用，自己的手勢(shì)人皆明白，但這種觀點(diǎn)是錯(cuò)誤的。圍繞此論點(diǎn)，作者舉出了數(shù)個(gè)例子駁斥美國(guó)人這種以自我為中心的文化觀。因此，A與作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)一致。其余三項(xiàng)都是這種文化觀所引起的后果。
3.在別的國(guó)家，大部分美國(guó)人_______________。
A) 被當(dāng)?shù)厝怂铝?/P>
B) 不知道發(fā)生了什么事情，因?yàn)橛姓Z(yǔ)言障礙
C) 能跟當(dāng)?shù)厝撕椭C相處
D) 在酒店和餐館都需要口譯員的幫助
[B]第5段提到.每次出國(guó)，我們一般都食宿在說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的那些賓館和飯店中，人們對(duì)我們的態(tài)度和我們所獲得的信息都是由說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的本地人——通常是富人決定的。我們的生意往來(lái)、國(guó)家的外交活動(dòng)也是通過(guò)翻譯才能進(jìn)行。因此，B與文中所陳述的意思相符，故正確。A的信息在文中并沒(méi)有提及;C與文章所提及的觀點(diǎn)相悖;D與文中所給的意思不符。
4.作者認(rèn)為，美國(guó)人的閉塞性和語(yǔ)言上的無(wú)知會(huì)_____________。
A) 影響他們?cè)谛率兰o(jì)的形象
B)將他們與外界世界隔開(kāi)來(lái)
B)限制他們?cè)谑澜缡聞?wù)上的作甩
D)削弱美元的地位
[C]第6段和第7段提到，但這一切已成為過(guò)去，美元已不再能購(gòu)買(mǎi)所有的好東西，美國(guó)人也開(kāi)始慢慢地意識(shí)到他們?cè)谑澜绲牡匚徽诟淖儭＝Y(jié)合第3段提到的“在語(yǔ)言和文化上的盲目性……正使我們?cè)谑澜缟鲜ヅ笥�、生意和人們的尊重”，可推斷，美�?guó)人的作用已受到限制，C與文章所闡述的觀點(diǎn)一致，故正確。A的信息在文章中并沒(méi)有提及,B與文章所陳述的意思相悖;D只是一種次要的影響。
5.作者寫(xiě)這篇文章是為了讓美國(guó)人意識(shí)到____________________。
A) 忽視外國(guó)朋友是很危險(xiǎn)的
B) 保持美國(guó)在世界事務(wù)上的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位是很重要的
C) 在公共場(chǎng)合使用多種語(yǔ)言是必要的
D) 是時(shí)候與其他文化打成一片
[D]題目詢問(wèn)作者寫(xiě)這篇文章是要使美國(guó)人意識(shí)到什么。作者在文章的開(kāi)篇就批評(píng)了大多數(shù)美國(guó)人心目中的一種錯(cuò)誤的文化觀，即美國(guó)的語(yǔ)言世界通用。接著又指出這種文化觀所引起的語(yǔ)言和文化上的盲目性和隨意性使美國(guó)人在世界上失去了朋發(fā)、生意和人們的尊重。美國(guó)在國(guó)際事物中的領(lǐng)先地位也正在失去。由此可看出作者的寫(xiě)作意圖是要美國(guó)人克服這種文化上的盲目性，了解世界的文化。因此，D與作者的意圖相符。
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