點擊查看：2018年6月大學英語六級閱讀100篇

　　Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots. Unlike most of the world's volcanoes. they are not always found at the boundaries of the great drifting plates that make up the earth's surface; on the contrary, many of chem lie deep in the interior of a plate. Most of the hot spots move only slowly, and in some cases the movement of the plates past them has left trails of dead volcanoes. The bot spots and their volcanic trails are milestones that mark the passage of the plates.

　　That the plates are moving is now beyond dispute. Africa and South America. for example. are moving away from each other as new material is injected into the sea floor between them. The complementary coastlines and certain geological features that seem to span the ocean are reminders of where the two continents were once joined. The relative motion of the plates carrying these continents has been constructed in detail, but the motion of one plate with respect to another cannot readily be translated into motion with respect to the earth’s interior. It is not possible to determine whether both continents are moving in opposite directions or whether one continent is stationary and the other is drifting away from it. Hot spots. anchored in the deeper layers of the earth, provide the measuring instruments needed to resolve the question. From an analysis of the hot-spot population it appears that the African plate is stationary and that it has not moved during the past 30 million years.

　　The significance of hot spots is not confined lo their role as a frame of reference. It now appears that they also have an important influence on the geophysical processes chat propel the plates across the globe. When a continental plate comes to rest over a hot spot. the material rising from deeper layer creates a broad dome. As the dome grows, it develops deep fissures (cracks); in at least a few cases the continent may break entirely along some of these fissures, so that the hoc spot initiates the formation of a new ocean. Thus just as earlier theories have explained the mobility of the continents, so hot spots may explain their mutability (inconstancy).

　　1.We can learn from che first paragraph that_____________.

　　A. there are no volcanic activities on hoc spots

　　B. most hoc spots are located in the inner part of a plate

　　C. hot spots usually lie. at che boundaries of drifting plates;

　　D. the passage of plates through hot spots will leave dead volcanoes

　　2.The author believes that_____________.

　　A) the motion of the plates corresponds to thar of the earth's interior

　　B) the geological theory about drifting plates has been proved to be true

　　C) the hot spots and the plates move slowly in opposite directions

　　D) the movement of hot spots proves the continents are moving apart

　　3.That Africa and South America were once joined can be deduced from the fact that_________.

　　A) the two continents are still moving in opposite directions

　　B) they have been found to share certain geological features

　　C) the African plate has been stable for 30 million years

　　D) over 100 hot spots are scattered all around the globe

　　4.The hot spot theory may prove useful in explaining__________.

　　A) the structure of the African plates.

　　B) the revival of dead volcanoes.

　　C) the mobility of the continents.

　　D) the formation of new oceans.

　　5.The passage is mainly about______________.

　　A) the features of volcanic activities

　　B) the importance of the theory about drifting plates

　　C) the significance of hot spots in geophysical studies

　　D) the process of the formation of volcanoes

　　答案：

　　1.從文章第一段我們可以知道，_____________。

　　A)在熱點沒有火山活動

　　B)大多數(shù)的熱點位于板塊內(nèi)部

　　C)熱點通常位于漂移板塊的邊界處

　　D)板塊經(jīng)過熱點后會留下死火山

　　[B]根據(jù)題干直接查找到第1段。第2句第2個分句提到“其中很多位于板塊內(nèi)部的深處”，而表達同樣含義的是B選項。該段第1句指出，這些互不相連、發(fā)生火山運動的小地區(qū)，地質(zhì)學家稱之為熱點，可見A項錯誤。選項C與第2句第1個分句的內(nèi)容相反。倒數(shù)第2句提到“在某些情形下，板塊移動經(jīng)過熱點留下死火山的痕跡”，即不是所有板塊移動都會留下死火山的痕跡，故D錯。

　　2.作者相信______________。

　　A)板塊運動與地球內(nèi)部是一致的

　　B)若干漂移板塊的地質(zhì)學理論被證明是正確的

　　C)熱點與板塊向相反方向緩慢移動

　　D)熱點的移動證明了大陸在相互遠離

　　[B]文章第2段的開頭指出That the plates are moving is now beyond dispute。beyond dispute意為“毋庸置疑”，故答案選B項。從第2段第4句的“但是一個板塊相對于另外一個板塊的運動不能被順理成章地解釋成板塊與它相對于地球內(nèi)部的運動”，可排除A項。

　　3.可以從_________________的事實，推斷非洲和南美洲曾經(jīng)是連接在一起的。

　　A)兩個洲仍然向相反方向移動

　　B)人們發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個洲擁有某些共同的地質(zhì)特征

　　B)非洲板塊3千萬年來一直保持穩(wěn)定

　　D)超過100個熱點散步在全球

　　[B]從第2段的第3句可知，非洲和南美洲曾經(jīng)連接在一起的證據(jù)有兩個——海岸線所具有的互補的特征(complementary coastlines)及某些地質(zhì)特點(certain geological features)。B項符合后者，故為正確答案。

　　4.熱點理論可能在解釋___________時被證明是有用的。

　　A)非洲板塊的結(jié)構(gòu)

　　B)死火山的復(fù)活

　　C)大洲的可動性

　　D)新海洋的形戒

　　[D]關(guān)于hot spot theory的作用，除了第2段提到的參照作用外，第3段論及的另一個重要作用在于它能夠推動扳塊在地球表面漂移(propel the plates across the globe)，從而引發(fā)了新海洋的形成(initiates the formation of a new ocean)。故答案選D項。

　　5.文章主要是關(guān)于_______________。

　　A)火山活動的特征

　　B)漂移板塊理論的重要性

　　C)熱點在地理物理學研究中的意義

　　D)火山形成的過程

　　[C]全文三個段落主要是圍繞“熱點對于地球物理學研究的意義”而展開的。故答案選C項。全篇共三段，第l段講的是hot spots的定義與分布，第2段講hot spots在大陸板塊移動中的參照作用，第3段講hot spots引起新海洋形成的地球物理意義。

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