21天搞定英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)閱讀理解 點(diǎn)擊加入

　　受壓迫的女性

　　female oppression

　　no one who has studied history, even superficially, will for a moment dispute the statement that there has brooded very steadily over1 the female half of the human family an air of repression, of limitation, of hindrance , of disability, of gloom, of servitude. if there have been epochs during which women have been regarded equal to men, they have been brief and abnormal.

　　among the hindus2, woman was the slave of man , forbidden to speak the language of her master, and compelled to use the patois3 of the slaves. the hebrews pronounced her an afterthought4 of the deity, and the mother of all evils. the greek law regarded her as a child, and held her in life -long tutelage. the greek philosophers proclaimed her a “monster”,“ an accidental production”. medieval councils declared her unfit for instruction. the early christian fathers denounced her as a“ noxious animal”, a“painted temptress”, a“ necessary evil”,“a desirable calamity”, and a“ domestic peril”.

　　in marriage she has been a serf; as a mother she has been robbed of her children; in public instruction she has been ignored; in labor she has been a menial, and then inadequately compensated; civilly she has been a minor, and politically she has had no existence. she has been the equal of man only when punishment and the payment of taxes were in question5 .

　　閱讀自測(cè)

　�、�. fill in the blanks with proper prepositions and do not refer to the pass age until you finish the exercise :

　　1. there has brooded very steadily________ the female half of the human family an air of repression.

　　2. women have never been regarded ________equal man .

　　3. as a mother she has been robbed ________her children.

　　4. she has been the equal of man only when punishment and the payment of taxes were ________question.

　　Ⅱ. fill in the blanks with proper words :

　　in marriage she has been a ______( 奴隸) ; as a mother she has been_____( 使失去) of her children; in public instruction she has been ______( 忽視) ; in labor she has been a ______( 仆人) , and then inadequately ______( 補(bǔ)償) ; civilly she has been a minor, and politically she has had no ______( 存在) . 參考答案 Ⅰ. 1. over 2 . to 3 . of 4 . in Ⅱ. serf / robbed / ignored / menial / compensated / existence

　　參考譯文

　　受壓迫的女性

　　學(xué) 過(guò)歷史的人, 即使只是淺嘗輒止, 學(xué)了一點(diǎn)皮毛知識(shí), 也不會(huì)立刻對(duì)下面這句話(huà)持有 異議: 在人類(lèi)家庭中占半壁江山的女性身上一直籠罩著壓抑的、受限制的、被阻礙的、無(wú)能 為力的、憂(yōu)郁的和被奴役的氣氛。如果歷史上存在女人與男人一視同仁的時(shí)期的話(huà), 那么 這段時(shí)期一定非常短暫而又有悖常理。

　　在印度人眼里, 女人是男人的奴隸, 她們被禁止使用主人的語(yǔ)言, 而只能使用奴隸的語(yǔ) 言; 希伯來(lái)人宣稱(chēng)女人是上帝在造出亞當(dāng)之后才造出來(lái)的, 還認(rèn)為她是萬(wàn)惡之源; 希臘法律 將女人視為孩子, 對(duì)她進(jìn)行終身監(jiān)護(hù)。希臘哲學(xué)家則將女人稱(chēng)為“ 怪物”, 還說(shuō)女人是“ 附 屬品”; 中世紀(jì)的地方議會(huì)稱(chēng)女人不適合接受教育; 早期的基督教教父?jìng)児�開(kāi)指責(zé)女人是 “ 有害動(dòng)物”、“ 虛偽的妖婦”、“ 不可避免的罪惡”、“ 誘人的災(zāi)難”和“ 家中的危險(xiǎn)人物”。

　　在婚姻中, 女人像奴隸一樣受到男人壓制; 作為母親, 她的孩子被搶走; 在普及大眾教 育的時(shí)候, 女人被人遺忘; 生產(chǎn)勞動(dòng)時(shí), 她又成為卑微的仆人, 事后得不到應(yīng)有的補(bǔ)償; 從公 民權(quán)利角度說(shuō), 她微不足道; 在政治領(lǐng)域, 她也沒(méi)有生存空間。只有在實(shí)施懲罰和交納稅款 的時(shí)候, 她才獲得同男人平等的地位。

　　閱讀導(dǎo)評(píng)

　　在男性統(tǒng)治的世界里, 女性不可避免地淪為被壓迫、被歧視、被損毀的對(duì)象。即使在今 天, 法律上已經(jīng)賦予了女性完全等同于男性的地位, 但看不見(jiàn)的歧視依然存在。真正實(shí)現(xiàn) 男女平等, 任重而道遠(yuǎn)。

　　閱讀導(dǎo)釋

　　1. brood over v. 籠罩, 如: a cloud is brooding over the hills. ( 一片烏云籠罩著山崗。) 后面的 air 指的是“籠罩在女性身上的氣氛”。

　　2. hindus n. 印度人, 印度教教徒。文章后面還出現(xiàn)了hebrew ( n. 希伯來(lái)人) , 主要是用來(lái) 稱(chēng)呼從猶太人的始祖亞伯拉罕到率領(lǐng)猶太人逃脫埃及的摩西這段時(shí)期的古猶太人。希 伯來(lái)人最初居住在阿拉伯半島東南部, 后經(jīng)兩河流域遷到巴勒斯坦。

　　3. patois n. 方言, 土語(yǔ)。本文中是指“( 奴隸的) 語(yǔ)言”。意義與其相似的單詞還有dialect, vernacular 等。

　　4. afterthought n. 后來(lái)添加的東西, 事后產(chǎn)生的想法。這里是指“ 上帝在造出亞當(dāng)以后, 為 了怕他寂寞而造出女人夏娃”。

　　5. 正被考慮的, 正在談?wù)摰? 如: the woman in question is sitting over there. ( 提到的那個(gè)女人就在那里坐著呢)

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