2002年高中起點(diǎn)升本、專科英語考試大綱

   英語復(fù)習(xí)考試在記憶、理解和綜合應(yīng)用這三個層次上檢測考生掌握英語的水平：記憶：能記住本大綱規(guī)定的語音、語法知識；能記住單詞的拼寫、讀音、基本詞義及主要用法；能記住本大綱規(guī)定的短語和習(xí)慣用語的意思和主要用法。理解：能正確使用語言、語法和日常交際用語知識；能夠恰當(dāng)理解使用中的各種語言現(xiàn)象；能夠讀懂英語的連貫表達(dá)。綜合應(yīng)用：能夠使用本大綱規(guī)定的各類語言知識，整體理解不同形式的語篇；能夠在特定的語境中比較得體地表達(dá)自己的連貫意思；能夠有效地識別語篇中的明顯失誤。

   一、復(fù)習(xí)考試內(nèi)容 語 音 熟悉英語音素的發(fā)音，知道英語字母及常用字母紫河車在單詞中的讀音。了解英語的基本語調(diào)以及使用語調(diào)的規(guī)則，并能在實(shí)踐中運(yùn)用這些規(guī)則。能在簡單的日常會話使用比較自然的語音語調(diào)。

   詞匯 掌握2000個左右常用英語單詞和一定數(shù)量的短語和習(xí)慣用語，對單詞能認(rèn)，會讀、知道詞義及其在語句中的作用。對在一般交際中使用頻率高的單詞和短語，會拼寫、能正確使用，知道一些常用詞的近義詞和反義詞。能夠根據(jù)上下文或利用基本的構(gòu)詞法和知識判斷語篇中生詞的含義。

   語法 較熟練地掌握下列各項(xiàng)語法知識并了在語言運(yùn)用中借助這些知識進(jìn)行語言交際。

   （一）語法1、名詞的種類、數(shù)和所有格；名詞分普通名詞和專有名詞。名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式和構(gòu)成 (book---books, bus---buses , radio---radios , tomato---tomatoes , story---stories, knife--knives, man--men , sheep---sheep等)專有名詞 (John ,the United States ,Young Pioneer等)名詞的所有格 (Tom’s father ,students’dedroom, a map of the world等)不可數(shù)名詞 (water , tea , paper 等)不可數(shù)名詞量化表示法 (a piece of paper , a bottle of ink 等)

   2、冠詞(a/an , the )的基本用法；

   3、代詞的用法；人稱代詞的主格和賓格(we , she ;us, her 等)形容詞性物主代詞 (my , your ,her ,hie 等)名詞性物主代詞 (mine, yours , theirs 等)指示代詞 (this , that ,these , those 等)不定代詞 (some, any 等)疑問代詞 (what , who ,whose , which 等)關(guān)系代詞(who, whom ,whose , which, that , as 等)

   4、“it”作引導(dǎo)詞，非人稱代詞和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的用法；

   5、數(shù)詞的基本用法；

   基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及其基本用法序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及其基本用法加、減、乘、除運(yùn)算表示法時(shí)間、年代、年齡表示法

   6、形容詞和副詞的用法；形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成(+er, +est ;more , the most 以及特殊的形式)基本句型:----as +原級形式+as---not as /so+原級形式+as---比較級形式+than---the 比較級形式,the比較級形式 No sooner---than---the+最高級形式+--in/of---形容詞的基本用法(作定語、表語、補(bǔ)足語等)副詞的基本用法(表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、程度和頻度)

   7、動詞的種類、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和非謂語動詞；

   1）動詞的種類（1）行為動詞或?qū)嵙x動詞（2）連系動詞( be , look , turn , get , become, etc)（3）助動詞 (be , do , have , shall , will , etc )（4）情態(tài)動詞 (can , may , must , need , etc )

   2）時(shí)態(tài)（1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)He gets up at six o’clock in the mornign.She doesn’t speak Chinese.The earth gound the sun.

   （2）一般過去時(shí)He was in Grade Two last year.She got up five yesterday morning.

   （3）一般將來時(shí)Shall we go to your school tomorrow?They xill be free next weekShe is going to do her homework this evening.

   （4）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)He is doing his homework mowWe are playing football on the playground now

   （5）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)They were singing when I came hereThey have lived there for five years.

   （6）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)He has already finished his homework.They have lived there for five years.

   （7）過去完成時(shí)We had learned 1000 words by the end of last year.When I got there she had gone already.

   （8）過去將來時(shí)She said she would go to Beijing the next day.Tom said he was going to see his unchle.

   3）被動語態(tài)（1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動語態(tài)English is taught in that school.（2）一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)The song was was written by that singer.（3）一般將來時(shí)的被動語態(tài)The work has beed done already .（4）帶有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)She must be sent to hospital at once.

   4）非謂語動詞的基本用法（1）動詞不定式的用法

   ①作主語

   To learn a foreign language is not easy.

   It is not easy to learn a foreign l anguage.

   ②作賓語

   They began to read.

   ③作賓語補(bǔ)足語

   Jim asked me to help him with his lessons.

   Try to make him stay with us.

   ④作定語

   I have an important meeting to attend.

   ⑤作表語

   She went to see her grandma yeatrday.

   ⑥作表語

   She went to see her her grandma yesterday.

   ⑦用在how,when , where ,what , which 等之后

   I doh’t know how to us a compuer.

   Do you know when to start?

   He didn’t know what to do next.

   （2）動名詞的用法

   ①作主語

   Seeing is belienving.

   It is useless arguing adout it.

   ②作表語

   Her job is looking after children

   ③作賓語

   I like sining.

   He suggested having a party at the weekend.

   ④作定語

   There is swimming pool in our sohool.

   This is a sleeping car.

   （3）分詞的用法

   ①作表語

   The situation is encourahing

   The boy was greatly encouraged.

   ②作定語

   Our country is a developing country.

   The car ran along the school gate.

   ③作賓語補(bǔ)足語

   I saw them waiting at the school gate.

   I saw the door cloed.

   ④作狀語

   Hearing the noise,they immediately stopped talking.

   Seen from a distance, the mountain looked like an elepant.

   8、常用介詞和連詞掌握詞匯表中所列介詞和連詞的用法。（二）句法1、句子種類1）陳述句（肯定式與否定式）They go to school at seven in the morning.Shr isn’s a worker.2）疑問句（1）一般疑問句Are you a teacher?Does she speak English?

   （2）特殊疑問句When were you born?Why do you study English?

   （3）反意疑問句He comes here one or that one ?Does she life maths lr Chinese ?

   （4）選擇疑問句Do you want this one or that one ?Does she like maths or Chinese?

   3）祈使句Come here ,please!Don’t do anything like that!

   4）感嘆句What a fine day it is today!How fine it is today!

   5）并列句I turned on the TV and we sat down and watched it .

   6）復(fù)合句（1）名詞性從句：主語從句:What he said is rihdt.Whether she will come or not is still a quesrion.賓語從句：I don’t know why he left without saying a word .He said(that)he would come.表語從句：That is where he was born.That is why he hasn’s come yet.同位語從句：Do you know the news that my father will come back from America?That is the reason why he hasn’t come yet.

   （2）定語從句:The man who is reading the newspaper is Mr Li.A chemist’s shop is shop which selle msdicine.This is the room in which we lived last year.I still remember the day when I first come to Eeijing.The hospital where my mother works is in the north of the city.Huang Hong , whose father is a doctor , studies computer sricnce in the U. S. .

   （3）狀語從句：時(shí)間狀語從句：When Tom returns , I’ll give him the key .地點(diǎn)狀語從句：He works where he studied and lived.方式狀語從句：He didn’t do it as I had told him.條件狀語從句：We’ll go to Great Wall if it is fine tomorrow.目的狀語從句：We cilimbed high so that we might get a better view.結(jié)果狀語從句：A TV set can be made so srmall that it may be easily placed in a watch .原因狀語從句： Since it has st opped rlanned, the game will be held as planned.讓步狀語從句：He passed the exam although he has been ill for some time.

   2、句子主語、謂語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)足語、直接賓語和間接賓語。

   3、倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)Hardly had I opened the door when when he rushed in.

   4、五種基本句型主語+連系動詞+表語(S+Link-V+P)The bike is new.主語+及物動詞+賓語(S+VT+O)Children often sing this song .主語+不及物動詞 (S+TV)He sings well.主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語(S+TV+IO+DO)Shr shwed her friends her pictures.主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ)(S+TV+O+C)We keep our classroom clean and tidy.

   5、主謂的一致關(guān)系Jim and Mike have seen the film.There is a desk and two chairs in the room.Two and there is (are )five.Her famil is large.The family are sitting at the supper table.

   日常交際用語 1、問候 GreetingsGood morning/afternoon/evening.Hello/Hi.How are you?Fine , thank you , and you?Very well , thank you.

   2、介紹 Intrductiongsa.This is Mr/Mrs /Miss /Ms /Comrade----

    I’d like you to meen-----b.How do you do ?

    Nice/Glad /Pleased to see /meet you.c.My name is----

    I’m a (student/teacher , erc . )d.I’m Chinese.3、告別 Farewellsa.I’m afraid I must be leaving now.I think it’s time for us to leave now.b.Good-bye!(Bye-bye!Bye!)See you later/tomorrow.(See you)Good night.

   4、感謝和應(yīng)答 Thanks and responsesa.Thank you (very much).Thank a lot.Many thks.Thanks for----b. It’s very kind of you to----Not at all.It’s /That’s all right.You’re welcome

   5 、祝愿、祝賀和應(yīng)答Good wishse , congratlations&responsesa.Good luck!Best wishes to you!I wish you good luck/success!Have a nice /good time.b.Thank you .The same to you.c.Happy New Year!Merry Christmas!Harry birthday to you.

   6、道歉、遺憾和應(yīng)答 Apoiogies, rgrets,sympathies&responsesa.Sorry/Pardon.I’m sorry.I’m sorry for/about----I’msorry to hest----b.Excuse me (for-----)I’m afraid of----What a pity/shame!c.That’s all right.It doesn’t matter.That’s nothing.

   7、邀請和應(yīng)答 Invitations and responsesa. Will you come to---?Would you like to---?I’d like to inviteyou to----b.Yes,I’d love to(---).Yes, it’s very kind /nice of you.c.I’d love to ,but----

   8、提供（幫助等）和應(yīng)答 Offers and responsesa.Can/Could/Shall I help you?Is there anything (erlse)I can do for you?Do you want me to---?What can I do for you ?Let me do/carry /help--(for you ).Would you like some---?b.Thanks. That would be nice/ fine .That’s very kind of you.Thank you your help.Yes, plsase,Here, take this /my ----c.No, thanks/thank you.Thank you all the same .That’s very kind of you , but---9、約會Making appointmentsa.Are you/ will you be free this afternoon/tomorrow?How about tomorrow morning/afernoon/eveving?Shall we meet at 4:30 at---?b.Yes, that’s all right.Yes, I’ll be free then.c. No , I won’t be free then .But I’ll be free ----d.All right .See you then.10、意愿和希望Imtentions and wishesa.I’m going to----I will---I’d like to---I (do not )want/hope to---b.I want/hope/mish to ---11、請求、允許和應(yīng)答 Asking for permission and responsesa. May I---?Can/Could I-----?b.Yes /Sure /Certainly.Yes , (do)please.Of course (you may).Go ahsad, please.That’s OK/all right.Not at all.c.I’m sorry you can’t.I’m sorry , but---You’d better not.12、同意和不同意 Agreement and disagreementa. Certainly/ Sure /Of course.No problem.Yes , please .Yes , I think so.That’s true.All right/OK.That’s a good idea---I/We agree(with you)b.No,I don’t think so.I’m afraid motI’m afraid I (really) con’t agree with you.13、喜好和厭惡 Likes and dislikesa.I like/love--(very much).I like /love to---b. Idon’t like to(to)---I hate (to)---14、決斷和堅(jiān)持 Determination , decision and insistenceI will---I have decided to/ that---15、判斷和意見Judgement and opiniona. Well done /Good work!b.In my opinion---It seems--16、能力 AbilityI can ---He is able to---17、肯定和不肯定 Certainty and uncertaintya.I’m sure (of that).I’m sure (that)---b.I’m not sure(of thar).I’m not sure whether/ if---c. Perhaps/Maybe.18、禁止和警告 Prohibition and warningsa. You can’t/mustn’t---If you ---, you’ll---You;d better not do it .Don’t smoke!Don’t be late!b.Look out!Take care!Be coareful!19、可能和不可能 Possibility and impossibitya.He can / may---It is possible that---20、預(yù)見、猜測和相信 Prediction conjecture and beliefa.He will---b. It seems (that)---c. I believe that he is right.21、請求Reqyestea. Can will /Couuld/ Would you---for me?Willk/ Can/Ccould /Would you jplease---?May I have---?b. Please give / Pass me---Please wait (here /a mooment).Please wait (for) your turn .Please stand in line/ line up.Please hurry.c. Don’t rush (hurry)/ corowd.No noise , pleasse.No smoking , please.22、勸告和建議許諾 Advice and suggestionsa. You’d better (not)---You should/ought to---You need (to)---b. Shall we---?Let’s---What /How adout---?Why nou---?Why don’t you ---?23、許諾PromisesI promise---I will give --- to you .24 、表示焦慮 Expressing anxietyWhat’s wrong ?What’s the matter (with you )?I’m / He’s / She’s worried .Oh, what shall I / we do ?25、表示驚奇 Expressing surpriseReally ?Oh dear!Is that so?Good heavens!26、表示喜悅 Expressing pleasureI’m glad/ pleased / happy to ---That’s nice/ wonderful / grear.27、談?wù)撎鞖?Talking adout the weathera. What’s the weather like today?How’s the weather in ---?b. It’t fine / cloudy / windy / rainy---It’t gettign cold / warm---It’s rather warm / cold / hot --- today , isn;t it ?It’s a beautiful day today.8、購物 Shoopinga. What can I do for you ?May / Can I help you ?b. I want / I’d like ---How much is it ?That’s too expensive , I’m afraid.That’s fine . I’ll take it .Let me have ---c. How many / much do you want ?What colour / size / kind do you want ?d.Do you have any other kind / size / colour , etc.?29、問路和應(yīng)答 Asking the wqy and respoesesa. Excuse me .Where’s the men’s / ladies’ room ?Excuse me . Can you tell me the way to ---?How can I get to ---?I don’t know the way .b. Go down this street.Turn right / left at the first / second crossing.It’s about --- metres from here.Go straight ahead till you see---30、問時(shí)間、日期和應(yīng)答 Asking the time , date and responsesa. What day is (it )today?What’s the date today?Excuse me .What time is it by your watch?What’s the time , please?b. It’s Monday / Tuesday ---It’s January 10th.It’s five o’clock / five thiry (half past five ) / a quatter past ( to ) six.It’s time for / to---31、就餐 Taking mealsa. What would you like (to have )?Would you like somehing (to eat / drink )?b. I’d like ---Cok / Two eggs ---, please.c. Would you like some ---?Help yourself to some---d.Thank you . I’ve had enough.I’m full , thank you .Just a little , p lease.32、打電話 Making phone calls

   a. Hollo! Is (Tom) in ?May / Could I speak to---?Is that --- (speaking )?b. Hold on , please.Hello , who is it ?He / She isn’t here right now.Can I take a m essage for you ?c. Hello , thie is --- speaking .I called to tell / ask you---33、傳遞信息 Passing on a messagea. Will you please give this note / message to---?b.---asked me to give you this note .c. Thanks for the messge.34、看病 Seeing the doctora. There’s something wrong with---I’ve got a headache and a cough.I feel terridle (bed).I doh’t feel well.b. Take this medicine three times a day .Drink plenty of water and have a good reat .It’s nothing serious .You’ll be all right / well soon.35、求救 Calling for helpa. Help !Thief!b. What’s the matter?36、語言困難 Languge difficultiesPardon?Would you please say that again / more slowly?What do you mean by ---?I’m sorry I can’t follow you .I’m sorry I know only a little English.

   二、考試形式及試卷結(jié)構(gòu) 考試方法和時(shí)間 閉卷。筆答�？荚嚂r(shí)間為100分鐘。試卷滿分為150分。試題內(nèi)容比例及題型 一、語音知識 約5％二、詞匯與語法知識 約25％三、完形填空 約20％四、閱讀理解 約30％五、短文識錯 約10％六、補(bǔ)全對話 約10％

    語音知識 題型為選擇題，包括若干小題。每小題列出四個單詞，每個但單詞中均有劃線標(biāo)明的一個字母或字母組合。要求考生辨別劃線部分的讀音，找出那個讀音不同于組內(nèi)其他劃線部分讀音的單詞。

    詞匯與語法知識 題型為選擇題，包括若干小題。

    每小題是一個留有空白的不完整的英語句子。要求考生在小題下面的四個選擇項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入句中空白處的正確或最佳的一項(xiàng)。

    閱讀理解 題型為選擇題。本題向考生提供二至四段短文，總閱讀量不少于1000個詞。短文題材包括日常生活、史地、文化、科技常識、人物傳記等。體裁有記敘文、說明文和應(yīng)用文等。每篇短文后有數(shù)量不等的關(guān)于短文內(nèi)容的問題或不完整的句子。要求考生在仔細(xì)閱讀短文以后，從每個問題或不完整的句子下面的四個選擇項(xiàng)中，選出可以用來回答問題或補(bǔ)全句子的正確或最佳的一項(xiàng)�？忌鷳�(yīng)能通過閱讀掌握每篇短文的主旨大意、主要事實(shí)、有關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)以及上下文的邏輯關(guān)系等；既能看懂短文的字面意思，又能推論出短文的隱含意思；既能回答就文章局部細(xì)節(jié)提出的問題，又能回答有關(guān)文章總體內(nèi)容的問題。

    完形填空 題型為選擇題。本題向考生提供一篇約300個詞的短文。文中留出20處空白，文后為每個空白提供四個選擇項(xiàng)，要求考生在通讀全文領(lǐng)會大意的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)已經(jīng)掌握的詞匯、語法知識并結(jié)合自己的常識分析判斷，從選擇項(xiàng)中為每個空白選出正確最佳的一項(xiàng)，使全篇成為內(nèi)容連貫、沒有語法錯誤的通順文章。

    短文識錯 題型為選擇題。本題向考生提供一篇100詞左右的短文，其中10行內(nèi)各有4 處劃線部分，并標(biāo)有A、B 、C 、D，每行有一處錯誤。要求考生在領(lǐng)會全文的基礎(chǔ)上指出每行中的錯誤項(xiàng)。

    補(bǔ)全對話 題型為自由應(yīng)答題。本題向考生提供一段不完整的對話，對話中只有一個人的講話而缺少另一個人的講話的全部或一部分。要求考生根據(jù)試題說明中交待的背景和情節(jié)，把缺少的部分補(bǔ)寫出來。考生除應(yīng)掌握必要的詞匯、語法知識外，還要熟悉英語中有關(guān)日常生活的某些表達(dá)方式，例如：問候、告別、介紹、感謝、道歉、邀請、提議、命令、請求、愿意不愿意、同意不同意等。

   試題難易比例 較容易題 約30％中等難度題 約50％較難題 約20％