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2015考研英語閱讀理解模擬題及答案醫(yī)學(xué)類(26套)

來源:考試吧 2014-10-8 14:59:15 要考試,上考試吧! 考研萬題庫
2015考研英語閱讀理解模擬題及答案醫(yī)學(xué)類(26套),更多2015考研報名時間、2015考研備考指導(dǎo)等信息,請及時關(guān)注考試吧考研網(wǎng)或搜索公眾微信號“566考研”!

  For three decades we‘ve heard endlessly about the virtues of aerobic (increasing oxygen consumption)exercise.Medical authorities have praised running and jumping as the key to good health,and millions of Americans have taken to the treadmill to reap the rewards.But the story is changing.Everyone from the American Heart Association to the surgeon general’S office has recently embraced strength training as a complement to aerobics.And as weight lifting has gone mainstream,SO has the once obscure practice known as“Super Slow”training.Enthusiasts claim that by pumping iron at a snail‘s pace——making each“rep”(repeat)last 1 4 seconds instead of the usual 7—you can safely place extraordinary demands on your muscles,and call forth an extraordinary response.Slow lifting may not be the only exercise you need,as some advocates believe,but the benefits are often dramatic.

  Almost anyone can handle this routine.The only requirements are complete focus and a tolerance for deep muscular burn.For each exercise——leg press,bench press,shoulder press and SO On—70u set the machine to provide only moderate resistance.But as you draw out each repeat,depriving yourself of impetus,the weight soon feels unbearable.Defying the impulse to stop,you ke印going until you can‘t complete a repeat.Then you sustain your vain effort for 1 0 more seconds while the weight sinks gradually toward its cradle.Intense? Uncomfortable? Totally.But once you embrace muscle failure as the goal of the workout,it can become almost pleasure.

  The goal is not to bunr calories while you're exercising but to make your body burn them all the time.Running a few miles may make you sweat,but it expends only 1 00 calories per mile,and it doesn‘t stimulate much bone or muscle development.Strength training doesn’t burn many calories,either.But when you push a muscle to failure,you set off a pour of physiological changes.As the muscle recovers over several days,it will thicken——and the new muscle tissue will demand sustenance.By the time you add three pounds of muscle,your body requires an extra 9,000 calories a month just to break even.Hold your diet steady and,very quickly,you are vaporizing body fat.

  One might have benefited from any strength—training program.But advocates insist the slowtechnique is safer and more effective than traditional methods.

  1. Many Americans have taken to treadmill for years

  [A]its inherent awards to their health

  [B]its greater consumption of oxygen

  [C] the compliment paid by authorities

  [D]the actual benefits from the exercise

  2. According to the author,“Super Slow‘’training

  [A]has been misunderstood for decades

  [B]has been widely accepted recently

  [C]has been the basis ofweight lifting

  [D]has become the nucleus of aerobics

  3. In practicing slow lifting,one has

  [A]complete each rep with great

  [B]tryhisbesttodothetraining

  [C]sufferthe bitter effect called forth by the exercise

  [D]exert extraordinary pressure on his legs and shoulders

  4.While making each rep,one may suffer from

  [A]impetus loss

  [B]weight loss

  [C]bearable iron weights

  [D]the feeling of successful workout

  5.The phrase“to break even”(Line 6,Para.3)most

  [A]to upset the physical energy balance

  [B]to disturb the calmness ofthe body

  [C]to gain a greater profit than a loss

  [D]to make neither a profit nor a loss

  閱讀小幫手

  核心詞匯

  authority n.權(quán)威 complement n.補(bǔ)足物 pace n.步調(diào)

  tolerance兒容忍 sustain vt保持 embrace v信奉 benefit vi.受益

  probably means association n.協(xié)會 obscureadj.不出名的

  dramatic adj.引人注目的 moderate adj.適度的 cradle n.發(fā)源地

  stimulate vt.刺激 effective adj.有效的 surgeon n.外科醫(yī)生 claim Vt.聲稱

  handle yr.操作 impetus n.推動力,動量 intense adj.強(qiáng)烈的 tissue n.[生]組織

  三十年來我們不停地聽到關(guān)于有氧(增加氧氣消耗量)運(yùn)動的種種優(yōu)點(diǎn)。醫(yī)學(xué)權(quán)威們都曾稱贊,跑步和跳躍是獲得健康的關(guān)鍵,于是數(shù)百萬美國人選擇靠跑步機(jī)獲得健康。但這一情形正在改變。近來,從美國心臟協(xié)會到外科主任的辦公室,每個人都信奉力量練習(xí)是有氧運(yùn)動的一項補(bǔ)充。同舉重運(yùn)動一樣,一度默默無聞的“超慢速‘’運(yùn)動成了主流?駸嵴邆兎Q,以極其緩慢的速度——使每個動作重復(fù)持續(xù)14秒而不是通常的7秒——提升重物,你就肯定會給肌肉施加巨大的負(fù)荷,并產(chǎn)生特別的效果。正如一些倡導(dǎo)者所說,慢速舉重也許不是你需要的惟一練習(xí),但它的益處卻往往是顯著的。

  幾乎每個人都可以操作這套步驟,僅僅需要高度集中的注意力和對肌肉灼傷的忍耐力。在你每一次練習(xí)中——腿部伸展、仰臥舉重、肩膊推舉等等——將機(jī)器設(shè)定為提供最適度的阻力。但是由于你每次重復(fù)動作時動量逐漸減少,重量很快就會顯得無法承受。你要忍住想要停下來的沖動,直到你無法堅持再重復(fù)一次。接著,你要保持住自己徒然的用力達(dá)10秒以上,直到力量全部用盡。太劇烈?不舒服?當(dāng)然。即便這樣的健身運(yùn)動沒能幫你塑造出理想的肌肉,它也能讓你獲得一種享受。 你的目的不是只在做練習(xí)時燃燒卡路里,而是要使你的身體時時刻刻燃燒卡路里。跑幾英里會使你出汗,但是I英里僅僅消耗100卡路里,而且它不能刺激骨頭和肌肉的發(fā)展。力量訓(xùn)練同樣不能燃燒很多卡路里?墒钱(dāng)你將肌肉拉伸到無力時,就引發(fā)了大量生理學(xué)上的變化。肌肉的恢復(fù)需要若干天時間,它會變相——而新的肌肉組織將需要消耗能量。當(dāng)你增加了3磅肌肉的時候,身體為了收支平衡,每個月就需要額外的9,000卡路里。保特穩(wěn)定的飲食,你就會很快消耗掉體內(nèi)脂肪。

  人們可以從任何方式的力量訓(xùn)練項目中得到益處。但是倡導(dǎo)者們堅持認(rèn)為慢速技巧要比傳統(tǒng)方法更加安全和有效。

  參考答案:

  1. D細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞仃eadmiu定位文章第一段,第二句提到美國人喜歡練腳踏車是為了reaDthe rewards(得到報償),由此可知D“從運(yùn)動中獲得實際的好處”最符合題意。其余三項A “與生俱來地對他們健康有好處”,人在跑步機(jī)上運(yùn)動才會對身體有益,而不是跑步機(jī)本身對健康有益,可排除;B“由于跑步機(jī)耗氧量大”,跑步機(jī)耗氧是為了鍛煉身體,但并非最終目的,排除;c“由于受到權(quán)威的贊美”屬于偷換概念,因為文中提到受稱贊的是running and jumping,也排除。

  2. B推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞super slOW定位文章第一段,其中提到“同舉重運(yùn)動一樣,一度默默無聞的‘超慢速’運(yùn)動也已成為了主流”,可知B說法最恰當(dāng)。A中的misunderstood是對 obscure(模糊的,不引人注意的)的有意曲解;c的內(nèi)容在文中并未提到;D言過其實,文中只說strength training(力量鍛煉)是a complement to aerobics(有氧健身運(yùn)動的一個補(bǔ)充),但沒有說“Super.S10w”training成為有氧運(yùn)動的核心,故排除。

  3. c推斷題。題干關(guān)鍵詞slowli塒ng(慢速舉重)最先出現(xiàn)在第一段最后一句,隨后第二段進(jìn)一步描述該運(yùn)動要求高度集中的注意力和對肌肉灼傷的忍耐力。選項A中所說的“給肌肉施加巨大的負(fù)荷”,不同于文中的“對肌肉灼傷的忍耐力”,二者程度不同;選項B在文中并未提及, D說的是舉重鍛煉的不同部位而非slowl確ng的要求,因此C“忍受由于練習(xí)所致的肌肉疼痛”符合文意。

  4. A細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干中的信息詞make each rep定位第二段第四句“但由于你每次重復(fù)動作時動量 逐漸減少,重量很快就會顯得無法承受”。由此可推知,慢速舉重者可能會面臨動量損失的情況,故選項A最符合題意。B文中未提;C與文中提到feel unbearable相反、D與文意相反。

  5. D語義題。由題干定位第三段“當(dāng)你增加了3磅肌肉的時候,身體為了 ,每個月就需要額外的9,00()卡路里”。結(jié)合選項,A和B均指“打亂身體能量平衡”,實際上大量的運(yùn)動已經(jīng)使身體能量不平衡了,無需再打亂平衡,故兩者均可排除;c“盈余”,結(jié)合常識可知,這根本不利于健康,可排除;D“收支平衡”即保持身體能量平衡,符合題意。

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