一、概述
1.構(gòu)成圖示:
先行詞 +關(guān)系詞+從句
如:This is the book that we want.
先行詞:book;關(guān)系代詞:that;從句:we want。
2.先行詞特點(diǎn):
先行詞:(1)一定在主句之中;
(2)被從句修飾;
(3)總是在從句前面…先行一步。
3.關(guān)系詞:
1)、關(guān)系代詞:that,which,who,whose,whom
what(all that),than,but,as
2)、關(guān)系副詞:when,where,why
二、關(guān)系代詞 Relative Pronoun
1. 選用原則
(1)在從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?
(2)先行詞是人,還是事物或動(dòng)物;
(3)限定性|定語(yǔ)從句,還是非限定性|定語(yǔ)從句。
2.一致性(先行詞與從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一致性)
(1)that,which,who 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
如:We want a girl who knows English.
We want three girls who know English.
(2)one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + 關(guān)系詞 + 從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(復(fù)數(shù))
如:She is one of the few students who have passed the exam.
(3)the only one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+關(guān)系詞+從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(單數(shù))
如:She is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.
3.which與that的區(qū)別
(1)只用which的情況
a)介賓
如:We have a house which/that we live in.
We have a house in which we live.
We have a house where we live.
b)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句
如:The house,which situated at the foot of the hill,was built last year.
We live in a house,the door of which is broken.
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