六、英譯漢 (本大題共5小題，每小題2分，共10分)

　　閱讀下面的短文，然后把劃線的句子翻譯成漢語。

　　It has been a tumultuous time for dot-com start-ups. In fact， Gartner， Inc. estimates that over 75% of e-commerce start-ups will end in failure. (71) While it is tempting to blame prevailing market conditions for this failure rate， the fact is that early planning ultimately determines the potential success or failure of a start-up. This whitepaper helps managers understand the characteristics that contribute to successful start-ups. (72) Importantly， this work also includes a valuable diagnostic survey that helps entrepreneurs quantify the strength of the business and identify problem areas.

　　One thing is clear： There are a lot of ways for a new business to go out of business. (73) Loss of focus， an inability to fulfill customer orders or service， and a mismatch of top management with the corporate culture are but a few common reasons that businesses fail. To increase the chances of success， managers need to consider four crucial inputs：

　　Management / People： The single most vital component of any business， every start-up needs a skilled management team that can execute the business plan， adapt to changing environments， and attract and retain valuable staff.

　　Market Opportunity： To succeed， a venture requires a business model that is adaptable， scalable， defensible， and able to generate both revenue and profits. (74) In addition， management must recognize the company‘s market position and the potential of its ideas in the market.

　　Funding： The ability of the venture to raise operating cash in order to establish profitability.

　　Product and Service： This defines the demand for the product， including the degree to which it addresses customer needs and the ability to provide fulfillment and client service functions.

　　(75) By keeping a close eye on these found areas - strong leadership and management， good people， a solid business plan， and a product that people want to purchase - businesses can position themselves to weather inevitable challenges.

　　七、漢譯英 (本大題共5小題，每小題2分，共10分)

　　用括號(hào)內(nèi)給出的詞，把下列漢語句子翻譯成英語。

　　76. 我們?cè)鯓硬拍芊乐惯@種疾病蔓延?(prevent… from， disease)

　　77. 電子商務(wù)的交易通常涉及幾個(gè)互動(dòng)的步驟。 (involve， interactive steps)

　　78. 愿意買該產(chǎn)品的人越多，價(jià)格就降得越多。(the more， the more)

　　79. 我們要在出發(fā)前把一切都規(guī)劃好。(plan out， departure)

　　80. 為了獲得市場(chǎng)份額，他們必須竭盡全力。(market share，go to lengths)

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