賓語(yǔ)從句使用“四注意”

　　我們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)和運(yùn)用賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，應(yīng)該注意以下四點(diǎn)：

　　一、引導(dǎo)詞的使用

當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句由陳述句變化而來(lái)時(shí)，用that來(lái)引導(dǎo)從句，that常無(wú)具體意義，一般可省略。例如

　　Lin Tao thought（that）the TV play was very boring.

　　2. 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是由一般疑問(wèn)句變化而來(lái)時(shí)，要用if或whether來(lái)引導(dǎo)從句。例如

　　David asked his mother if/ whether she liked the dinner last night.

　　3. 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是由特殊疑問(wèn)句變化而來(lái)時(shí)，原句中的疑問(wèn)詞充當(dāng)連接代詞（如who， whose， what， which）或連接副詞（如when， where， why， how），引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。例如

　　Do you know what we can do on the island？

　　I don’t know why Jane was late for school this morning.

　　二、語(yǔ)序的陳述化

　　賓語(yǔ)從句一般要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。例如

　　When did he leave？ I want to know. →I want to know when he left.

　　Does the shop close at six every day？ Do you know？ →Do you know if/ whether the shop closes at six every day？

　　三、時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)

如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)或祈使句時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可根據(jù)情況使用各種時(shí)態(tài)。例如

　　I hear she is here today（she was here yesterday/ she will be here tomorrow.）

　　2. 如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)使用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的某種形式。例如

　　He said he was watching TV（he had swept the floor/ he would play football after school）。

　　3. 如賓語(yǔ)從句所敘述的是客觀(guān)事實(shí)、自然現(xiàn)象或科學(xué)真理等，從句不受主句時(shí)態(tài)限制，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如

　　Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.

　　四、否定轉(zhuǎn)移

　　當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think， believe， suppose等動(dòng)詞，且主語(yǔ)為第一人稱(chēng)時(shí)，從句的否定要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上。例如

　　I don’t believe he is here on time， is he？

　　I don’t think Tom is the best student in his class， is he？