定從要學(xué)好,刪繁就簡(jiǎn)系首要,明確先行詞,然后定關(guān)系詞調(diào);
指人主格用who,賓格whom好,事物用which,主/賓都可靠;
用that引定從,人/物均需要,非限制性定從句,切勿用that導(dǎo);
關(guān)系詞作賓語,常將其省略掉,若介詞+關(guān)系詞,關(guān)系詞切勿拋,無論人/事物,who/that均不導(dǎo),指人必whom,事物which邀;
as引定從,(部分)主句內(nèi)容包,常含“正如”意,位置任意挑;
which如此用,用時(shí)思量好,有時(shí)含“消極”味,主句之后到;
such/ the same + as,固定搭配好,特殊用法務(wù)牢記,勿用亂了套;
whose作定語,人/物它全包,n. + of + whom/which,可與其對(duì)調(diào)。
二、只用that作關(guān)系代詞的幾種情況
先行(詞)本身系數(shù)詞,不定代詞指事物,
人與事物共先行,There be中指物詞作主語,
關(guān)系詞定從中作表語,問句避免疑問詞重復(fù),
另有序數(shù)詞/最高級(jí),every/ the very/ the only,
以及不定代詞若干個(gè),名詞前把事物來修飾,
以上情況請(qǐng)記清,只能使用that引導(dǎo)定從句。
[鞏固練習(xí)]
請(qǐng)?jiān)跈M線上添上恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞。 We need comrades _____________ can help us. The man _____________ you saw yesterday was a doctor from Beijing. This is a story about a communist fighter _____________ name或the name of _____________ is Liu Hu-lan. This is our classroom, _____________ windows或the windows of _____________ face the south. Here is a book _____________ will give a lot of useful knowledge.
6. This is the song _____________ we like best.
7. I will never forget the day, on _____________ I first saw him.
8. This is the room _____________ Lao Liu once lived in.
9. Do you still remember the day on _____________ he joined the army?
10. The earth, _____________ we all know, moves around the sun.
11. _____________ is known to all, the earth is round.
12. The sun is bigger than the earth, _____________ is known to us all.
13. He did not study hard, _____________ led to his failure.
14. We used the same type of machine _____________ they did.
15. We have found such materials _____________ are used in their factory.
16. Here are five fish. The two _____________were caught yesterday are gold fish.
17. Everything _____________ I told you just now is true.
18. They talked of the things and persons _____________ they remembered in the school.
19. There are stars _____________ we still don‘t know in space.
20. Li Ying is not the girl _____________ she used to be ten years ago.
[試題答案] who/that 2. who/whom/that/× whose; whom 4. whose; which which/ that 6. which/ ×
7. which 8. that/which/ ×
9. which 10. as
11. As 12. as/ which
13. which 14. as
15. as 16. that
17. that/ × 18. that/×
19. that/× 20. that
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