中考英語短文改錯考點·一致性錯誤

中考英語短文改錯考點·一致性錯誤

1. 主謂一致

句子的主語和謂語在人稱和數(shù)上不一致是改錯題型中最為常見的。如

(1) This

were because there was no machine allowing a person to breathe under water for a long time. (杭州市中考題)

【說明】指示代詞this作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，因此將were改為was。

(2) The desert people

is friendly. (重慶市中考題)

【說明】people作主語時，謂語動詞必須用復數(shù)，因此將is改為are。

2. 名詞單、復數(shù)與其修飾詞或上下文保持一致

名詞的單、復數(shù)與其修飾詞語或上下文不一致也是中考常設的改錯題。做這類題目時要注意名詞是否與其修飾語一致。如

(1) The animals are useful to the desert people in many

way. (重慶市中考題)

【說明】名詞way改為ways，與前面的修飾詞many一致。

(2) As he explored the sea, he took pictures and videos of many

thing that people had never seen before. (杭州市中考題)

【說明】thing改為things，與前面的修飾詞many一致。

有的名詞一般不用復數(shù)形式，但受到某些量詞，如many, several, a number of, a variety of等修飾時，要變成復數(shù)形式。

(3) They were given kinds of

breakfast, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. (鎮(zhèn)江市中考題)

【說明】修飾語kinds of常修飾復數(shù)名詞，所以breakfast應改為breakfasts。

表示事物類別時，名詞用復數(shù)形式。

(4) School

child walked with their shirts, coats and anything else they could find pulled up over their

nose. (蘇州市中考題)

【說明】child改為children，表示名詞類別“學生”；nose改成noses，與限定詞their保持一致。

(5) The middle part of the 20th century brought new ways to help people get over

disease. (廣元市中考題)

【說明】disease改為diseases，表示名詞類別“疾病”。

3. 代詞與其修飾的名詞或其先行詞保持一致

(1) Too many trees have been cut

this years. (蘇州市中考題)

【說明】this改為these, 與后面的復數(shù)名詞years保持一致。

(2) They use camels for carrying water, food, tents and

another things. (重慶市中考題)

【說明】another改為other, 因為another常修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。

代詞的主要功能是指代前面出現(xiàn)過的名詞、詞組或一個意群，因此代詞一定要同它所指代的詞在單復數(shù)、格或人稱上保持一致，這是代詞改錯的核心。

(3) He bought a ship and used them to explore under the sea. (杭州市中考題)

【說明】them改為it，指代前面的單數(shù)名詞a ship。