2008年中考復(fù)習(xí)：初中英語動詞不定式

　　1)In order not to offend people, learning about language etiquette is just as important as learning grammar or vocabulary.(p.93)

　　2)A group of young people got together to(in order to / so as to) discuss this question. (p.50)

　　to do / in order to do / so as to do用作目的狀語，置句末時都可以用，置句首時只用to do / in order to do。so as to do一般不置于句首，可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，in order to do不引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。

　　2.原因狀語，多見于“sb.+be+adj.+to do...”結(jié)構(gòu)句中。如

　　1)My dogs name is “Lucky”—a good name for him because I feel very lucky to have him.(p.66)

　　2)On Monday he told a radio interviewer that he had run out of money to buy old bikes. (p.64)

　　3.結(jié)果狀語，多見于“too...to”，“enough to...”結(jié)構(gòu)句中。如

　　1)Then I’m too tired to do well. What should I do?(p.28)

　　2)The room needs to be big enough for three people to live in.(p.56)

　　4.有些動詞不定式作狀語，常說明前面形容詞的性質(zhì)和特性。動詞不定式與句子的主語有邏輯的動賓關(guān)系。動詞不定式前面的形容詞一般是：cheap, dangerous, difficult, easy, fun, hard, interesting, necessary。不定式常用主動式表被動意義。

　　... the mistakes you made are necessary for you to learn and understand.(p.116)

　　這類句子中的動詞不定式可改為主語。

　　5.獨立動詞不定式多用作插入語，表示說話人的心理狀態(tài)或?qū)κ虑榈目捶�。如�?/TIXA>

　　1)Id like to stay healthy, but to be honest, I only eat food that tastes good.(p.50)

　　2)To begin with, she spoke too quickly, and I couldn’t understand every word. (p.6)

　　七、動詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

　　動詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是“for / of sb. to do sth.”，for / of引出不定式動作的邏輯主語。這種結(jié)構(gòu)在句子中可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語等。不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的介詞用for還是of，主要決定于前面形容詞的性質(zhì)。一般說來，of前面的形容詞是careful, clever, foolish, good, kind, nice, wise等，既說明人的特性，又說明不定式動作的特性。for前面的形容詞是dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, heavy, important, interesting, necessary等，一般說明不定式動作的特性，不說明人的特性。前面如果是名詞用for。如Its also probably a good idea for parents to allow teenagers to study in groups during the evening. (p.22)

　　2.Zoos are terrible places for animals to live.(p.120)

　　八、帶疑問詞的不定式短語

　　動詞不定式前面可以帶疑問代詞what, which, who或疑問副詞how, when, where, why等。這種結(jié)構(gòu)起名詞的作用，在句子里用作賓語、主語、表語等，或者單獨使用。要注意的是，why后面的不定式不帶to。如：

　　1.用作句子的成分。

　　1)I don’t know what to try next. (p.49)(作賓語)

　　2)Where to go is not decided yet.(作主語)

　　2.單獨使用時相當(dāng)于一個特殊疑問句。

　　1)What to do next?(=What will we / you do next?)

　　2)Why go there?(=Why do we / you go there?)

　　九、動詞不定式的否定式

　　不定式的否定式是not / never to do...，不帶to的不定式的否定式是not / never do...如Sometimes they have disagreements, and decide not to talk to each other.(p.8)

　　2.His parents tell him never to drive after drinking.