九年級英語第九單元精講與同步練習(xí)

九年級英語第九單元精講與同步練習(xí)

一、疑點難點破解

1. It’s used for scooping really cold ice cream.它用于舀真得很涼的冰淇淋。 疑點：be used for被用于…，后面加doing，相當(dāng)于be used to do.如：The knife is used for cutting，

難點：be used 后面加不同的介詞構(gòu)成意思不同的短語。be used by被…使用，be used in被用于…場合，be used as被用作…

2. Some leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time.一些樹葉從附近的灌木上掉進(jìn)了水里，在那里停留了一些時間。

疑點：1)fall into落入…里面2)some time一段時間。如：The little boy fell into the river， but at last he got out by himself.

He will go to Beijng sometime next Friday and he will stay there for some time.下周五的某個時候他要去北京，并且計劃在那兒呆一段時間。

難點：1)fall短語有許多，要個別記憶。如：fall down(從高處)落下，fall off從(自行車、卡車、摩托車等)上面掉下來，fall over摔趴下

2)注意以下幾個詞的區(qū)別：some time一段時間，sometime某時，sometimes有時，some times幾次、幾倍

3. Although tea wasn’t brought to the Western world until 1610，this beverage was discovered over three thousand years before that.盡管茶到1610年才傳到西方，但這種飲料在那之前三千年就已經(jīng)被發(fā)現(xiàn)了。

疑點：hundred,thousand,million等詞和具體數(shù)字連用時，本身只能用單數(shù)形式；沒有具體數(shù)字修飾和of 構(gòu)成短語時要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Millions of ants poured into the kitchen.

Two million ants poured into the kitchen.

難點：句中的although是連詞，意為“雖然、盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，相當(dāng)于though，但比though正式，多用于正式文體，二者均不能和but連用，但可以和yet連用。

4. The customer was happy in the end.顧客最終很高興。

疑點：in the end=at last=finally最后、最終。如：They talked and talked for a long time， in the end they all felt quite tired.

難點：相關(guān)短語：at the end of在…的最后、在…的末尾；by the end of到…末為止

二、重點講解

1. The potato chips were invented by mistakes.土豆條被誤打誤撞地發(fā)明了。

by mistake錯誤地；make mistakes犯錯誤、出錯；mistake…for把…錯當(dāng)成

如：Li Lei took my umbrella by mistake.

Lily made few mistakes in the English exam.

We often mistake the twins for each other.

2. Did you know the tea，the most popular drink in the world，was invented by accident？你知道茶世界上最受的飲料是被偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)的嗎？

by accident=by chance=accidentally偶然的、無意中。如：Cathy met his classmate on the way to the shop by accident.

3.…this beverage was discovered over three thousand years before that.

discover與find的區(qū)別：

find指尋找的結(jié)果即“發(fā)現(xiàn)、找到”。如：The girl was looking for her wallet， at last she found it under her desk.

discover表示“偶然或經(jīng)過努力發(fā)現(xiàn)客觀存在的事物、真理或錯誤”。

如：Columbus discovered America in 1492.哥倫布于1492年發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲。

4. According to an ancient Chinese legend，……按照中國古老的傳說……

according to 依照、按照、根據(jù)

如：According to what he said，we know he was interested in pop music.根據(jù)他所說的，我們知道他喜歡流行音樂。

三、語法展示

被動語態(tài)

I、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式be+Vt.p.p.

(一).語態(tài)是英語動詞的一種形式，是用于表示主語和謂語之間的關(guān)系的。英語語態(tài)分為主動語態(tài)(active voice)和被動語態(tài)(passive voice)兩種。

主動語態(tài)是表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。如：1)Yesterday I parked my car outside the school.

被動語態(tài)是表示主語是動作的承受者。2)A sound of piano is heard in the hall.

(二).被動語態(tài)的基本時態(tài)變化

在被動語態(tài)的句子中，謂語部分的結(jié)構(gòu)是be + Vtp.p.(及物動詞過去分詞)。其中be是變量，隨時態(tài)的變化而變化；動詞的過去分詞是常量，永遠(yuǎn)不發(fā)生變化。當(dāng)然，這只是指謂語部分而言。be動詞作為一個獨(dú)立的謂語動詞有自己現(xiàn)在分詞(being)和過去分詞 (been)。那么，下面我們來看看be在各種時態(tài)中的變化形式：

被動語態(tài)通常為八種時態(tài)的被動形式。以do為例，各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)形式為：

1)am/is/are +done (過去分詞)一般現(xiàn)在時

2)has /have been done 現(xiàn)在完成時

3)am/is /are being done 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時

4)was/were done一般過去時

5)had been done過去完成時

6)was/were being done過去進(jìn)行時

7)shall/will be done一般將來時

8)should/would be done過去將來時

我們可看看下面的實例：

English is spoken in many countries all over the world .(一般現(xiàn)在時)世界上許多國家都講英文。

Some TV sets for sale in the department store were stolen last night.(一般過去時)那家商場用來出售的部分電視機(jī)昨晚被盜。

He won’t be allowed，by his father，to marry Larra.(一般將來時)他父親不會讓他娶拉拉為妻的。

They would be sent to the army when they finished the training.(過去將來時)他們結(jié)束訓(xùn)練時將被派往部隊。

The project is being carried out.(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時)這個計劃正在執(zhí)行中。

The case was being investigated then.(過去進(jìn)行時)那時這案子正在調(diào)查中。

This novel has been translated into several languages. (現(xiàn)在完成時)這本小說已被譯成了幾種語言。

They said that production costs had been reduced.(過去完成時)他們說生產(chǎn)成本已經(jīng)下降了。

II、一般來說，在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ�活中，能用主動語態(tài)的時候就盡量不去用被動語態(tài)。只有在下列情況中我們才用被動語態(tài)：

英語里被動語態(tài)的使用似乎比漢語要廣泛。英語的被動語態(tài)常用在下列的場合：1)當(dāng)我們不知道動作的執(zhí)行者的時候，如：1、Look！There’s nothing here. Everything has been taken away.

2、My car has been moved！

2)當(dāng)我們不必提出動作的執(zhí)行者的時候，如：I was born in 1960.

3)當(dāng)我們強(qiáng)調(diào)或側(cè)重動作的承受者的時候，如：She is liked by everybody.

III、特殊的被動結(jié)構(gòu)

1)帶情態(tài)動詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)：它的固定句式為“情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞”。也有個別帶to的情態(tài)動詞例外，如：ought to和have to，它們的被動結(jié)構(gòu)就只能在不定式中。例如：The debt must be paid off before next month.那筆債務(wù)必須在下個月前付清。

The debt has to be paid off before next month.那筆債務(wù)必須在下個月前付清。

2)帶有兩個賓語的主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)

將這種主動態(tài)的句子變成被動態(tài)的句子，可選兩個賓語中的任何一個作為被動態(tài)句子的主語，而將另一個賓語作為“保留賓語”寫入被動態(tài)的句中。但有一點要說明，那就是，如果你選直接賓語作“主語”，有時要在被動態(tài)句子的“保留賓語”前加上合適的介詞。因為這些動詞常有兩種句式，即：我們可以說give sb. sth.，send sb. sth.，buy sb. sth；我們也可以說give sth to sb，send sth to sb，buy sth for sb。請看下面兩種情況的對照：

She sent me a novel on my birthday.

I was sent a novel on my birthday.

A novel was sent to me on my birthday.

3)關(guān)于帶有復(fù)合賓語的主動態(tài)變成被動態(tài)

如果將帶有復(fù)合賓語(既：賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語)的主動語態(tài)的句子變成被動語態(tài)的句子，我們只能選擇原來句子的賓語作被動語態(tài)句子的主語；而這時，原句里的賓語補(bǔ)足語現(xiàn)在就變成被動語態(tài)句子的“主語補(bǔ)足語”了。

The story made us laugh .(賓語補(bǔ)足語)

We were made to laugh by the story.(主語補(bǔ)足語)

4)在使役動詞have，make，get以及感官動詞see，watch，notice，hear，feel，observe等后面不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語時，在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時，要加to。

Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.

A stranger was seen to walk intothe building.

有些相當(dāng)于及物動詞的動詞詞組，如“動詞+介詞”，“動詞+副詞”等，也可以用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)，但要把它們看作一個整體，不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.

6)非謂語動詞的被動語態(tài)。v.+ing形式及不定式to do也有被動語態(tài)(一般時態(tài)和完成時態(tài))。例I don’t like being laughed at in the public. There are two more trees to be planted.

7)It is said that+從句及其他類似句型。

一些表示“據(jù)說”或“相信”的動詞如believe，consider，expect，report，say，suppose，think等可以用于句型“It+be+過去分詞+that從句”或“主語+be+過去分詞+to do sth.”。如：It is said that…據(jù)說，It is reported that…據(jù)報道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…眾所周知，It is thought that…大家認(rèn)為，It is suggested that…據(jù)建議。

It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.=The boy is said to have passed the national exam.

四、同步練習(xí)

(一)單項選擇

1. He finished the homework ＿＿＿＿.

A. in the end B. on the end

C. by the end D. at the end

2. Pens＿＿＿＿ writing .

A. used to B. are used as

C. are used by D. are used for

3. ＿＿＿＿are used for seeing in the dark .

A The shoes with adjustable heels

B. The battery-operated slippers

C. The heated ice cream scoop

D. The flying disk

4. Your city looks beautiful！

Yes . Lots of trees and grass ＿＿＿＿last year.

A. are planted B. have planted

C. were planting

D. were planted

5. Look！ A boy is falling ＿＿＿＿the river. Let’s go and save him.

A. into B. off

C. over D down

6. I took the wrong train＿＿＿＿ ， I didn’t even know it until half an hour later.

A. by mistakes B. by mistake

C. with mistake

D. with mistakes

7. He is very kind， and he’d like to help＿＿＿＿ people.

A. rich B. homeless

C. happy D. clever

8. He has realized that he＿＿＿＿ his wallet in the shop.

A. left B. forgot

C. borrowed D. sold

9. I don’t know what happened ＿＿＿＿Zhang Hong the day before yesterday.

A. at B. for C. about D. to

10. ＿＿＿＿the first day of new term，I see all my friends and teachers.

A. In B. At C. On D. For

11. I went to bed at eight thirty，but they stayed＿＿＿＿ till twelve o’clock.

A. away B. in C. out D. up

12. Don’t mix English words＿＿＿＿ Chinese，please.

A. and B. of C. with D. in

13. She has a very high＿＿＿＿ ,but she isn’t a soprano.

A. sound B. noise

C. voice D. speech

14. Your spelling is terrible！ Look at this word，＿＿＿＿ .

A. such as B. like

C. look like D. for example

15. Do you Egyptians use＿＿＿＿ same greeting as everyone else？

A. a B. an C. the D. x

(二)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1. The soup is too ＿＿＿＿(咸) I don’t like it .

2. The flowers produced a＿＿＿＿ (please) smell .

3. It is played by more than 100 million people in over 200 countries ＿＿＿＿(包括) China.

4. Last night he went to bed later， so he looks ＿＿＿＿(精疲力竭) today.

5.Older people should be ＿＿＿＿(說話) politely.

(三)、同步閱讀

In today’s world many people seem to be hungry for money. Some of them even lose their lives for it. Money does have its most useful effect(影響)on the poor，but once a person has a rich life，a lot more money doesn’t mean more happiness.

If money was everything，all millionaires(百萬富翁)would have true love， true friendship，good health and a long life. However，this is not always true.

Nothing else is more pleasant than the three words which are “I love you”. But can love be bought？I’m afraid not.Love means to give，not to take.To every person，health and long life are probably the most precious(寶貴的)things. Well，can health and a long life be bought with money？The answer is “No”.

Of all the longest living people in the world， few of them are millionaires. True friendship can’t be bought either. In a word，Where money is worshiped(崇拜)，money can cause brothers to quarrel，lovers to hate，strangers to fight and so on.No matter how much money you have，it is still not enough to make you a happy person if you have no one to laugh with，no one to cry for.

( )1.According to the passage，which of the following do you think is right？

A. Money is everything.

B. Money isn’t necessary.

C. Money is important，but not the most important.

D. With no money，with no success.

( )2. What’s the most important thing for every person according to the writer’s ideas？

A. Only money.

B. Health and a long life.

C. Only friendship.

D. A，B and C.

( )3. Which sentence of the following is TRUE according to the passage？

A. If you haven’t much money，you can’t get more happiness.

B. You may live a long life even if you are poor.

C. Every year many people die in the world because their family is poor.

D. If you are rich，you will have less friendship.

( )4.In fact， all millionaires .

A. have much money

B. die earlier

C. love their money

D. have true love

( )5. What does the sentence“Love means to give， not to take.” mean in the passage？

A.愛意味著給你，而不能帶走。

B.愛是可以得到的，不要走開。

C.愛意味著奉獻(xiàn)，而不是索取。

D.愛是可以索取的，而不必付出。

(一)1-5 ADBDA 6-1