1. 時態(tài)考點錯誤
時態(tài)錯誤幾乎是短文改錯中必設的改錯題類。要有目的地去檢查文中的每一個謂語動詞的時態(tài)與上下文、語境以及該句的時間狀語是否相符和一致。如:
(1) “You are my younger brother. You had it at first.”
(郴州市中考題)
【說明】had 改為have,因為這是一個一般現在時態(tài)的句子。
(2) Last week he goes to Mount Emei in Sichuan Province with his family.
(杭州市中考題)
【說明】goes改為went,與一般過去時態(tài)的時間狀語last week保持一致。
(3) Not too long ago, people can’t go scuba diving on Hainan Island, or anywhere else.
(杭州市中考題)
【說明】can’t 改為couldn’t,與一般過去時態(tài)的時間狀語not too long ago保持一致。
2. 語態(tài)考點錯誤
漢語表達習慣上有時不加“被”字也能表示被動意義,因而有些考生對被動語態(tài)不敏感。如:
(1) “Many thousands of trees must be plant every year,” he said.
(安徽省中考題)
【說明】plant改為planted,構成被動語態(tài)。
(2) “Sand can be sweeping into the air when there is a drought…”
(蘇州市中考題)
【說明】sweeping改為swept,構成被動語態(tài)。
(3) He also was liked to make videos.
【說明】將was刪去,因為這不是一個被動句。