做閱讀理解要找準(zhǔn)問(wèn)題的所在，對(duì)癥做答，這些注意事項(xiàng)你注意到了嗎？
一、五點(diǎn)注意
注意一：試題各小題所提供的四個(gè)備選項(xiàng)，有的是語(yǔ)法、結(jié)構(gòu)上有錯(cuò)誤，有的是與短文意思不相符。解題時(shí)要把有結(jié)構(gòu)、語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤的先排除，再考慮是否符合短文內(nèi)容。
注意二：對(duì)短文中的生詞或看不懂的句子，應(yīng)大膽根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法及上、下文意思進(jìn)行猜測(cè)，尤其對(duì)涉及文中某個(gè)詞或某個(gè)句子含義的選擇試題，要根據(jù)文章所闡述的主要內(nèi)容及上、下文內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，大膽分析推斷，去偽存真選出正確答案。
注意三：對(duì)于涉及文章主旨、大意、作者意圖及短文標(biāo)題等選擇試題，雖然短文中沒(méi)有直接說(shuō)明，可統(tǒng)觀全文，通過(guò)短文所提供的材料或聯(lián)想短文材料以外的常識(shí)，如結(jié)合已學(xué)過(guò)的自然、社會(huì)科學(xué)知識(shí)加以綜合理解、分析推測(cè)或按作者的思路進(jìn)行推理，從而且推斷出正確答案。
注意四：做選擇試題時(shí)一般先做在文中能直接找到依據(jù)的細(xì)節(jié)題，后做主旨題、推理題。這樣在對(duì)語(yǔ)篇有領(lǐng)悟的基礎(chǔ)上再進(jìn)行推理判斷和概括總結(jié)，把握性就更大。
注意五：閱讀的順序一般是先讀短文，再看題目，然后逐題作答。若文章較長(zhǎng)，也可以先將測(cè)試題目通覽一遍，然后帶著問(wèn)題閱讀文章。這樣對(duì)與答題有關(guān)的段落、句子反應(yīng)敏感，而對(duì)其他與答題無(wú)關(guān)的部分可以不必花費(fèi)太多時(shí)間，閱讀速度就可加快些。
二、實(shí)例分析
Henry was an office worker in a big city. He worked very hard and enjoyed traveling in his holidays.
He usually went to the seaside, but one year he saw an advertisement in a newspaper. “Enjoy country life. Spend a few weeks at West Hill Farm. Good food. Fresh air. Horse riding. Walking. Fishing. Cheap and interesting.”
“This sounds a good idea,” he thought. “I’ll spend a month at West Hill Farm. I think I can enjoy horse riding, walking and fishing. They’ll make a change from sitting by the seaside and swimming.”
He wrote to the farmer. In the letter he said that he would like to spend all of July there. Then on the first of July, he left for West Hill Farm.
But four days later, he returned home.
“What was wrong with West Hill Farm?” his best friend, Ed, asked him. “Didn’t you enjoy country life?”
“Country life was very good,” Henry said. “But there was another problem.”
“Oh. What?”
“Well,” he said, “the first day I was there a sheep died, and we had roast mutton for dinner.”
“What’s wrong with that?” Ed asked. “Fresh meat is the best.”
“I know, but on the second day a cow died, and we had roast beef for dinner.” “Lucky you!”
“You don’t understand,” Henry said. “On the third day a pig died and we had roast pork for dinner.”
“A different meat every day,” Ed said loudly, “and you are complaining!”
“Let me finish,” Henry said. “On the fourth day the farmer died, and I didn’t dare (敢)stay for dinner!”
1. How did Henry find out about the farm?
A. He saw it in a newspaper advertisement.
B. His best friend told him.
C. He wrote to the farmer.
D. Maybe he learned it from the radio.
2. Henry came back home several days later because ______________.
A. he didn’t like the country life at all
B. the farmer wasn’t friendly to him
C. his holiday was over
D. he thought he might have to eat the farmer
3. “…and you are complaining!”, the word “complain” means __________.
A. 夸獎(jiǎng) B. 說(shuō)三道四 C. 抱怨 D. 故弄玄虛
4. Which of the following sentences is true?
A. Ed could eat a different kind of meat every day.
B. Henry thought he could enjoy a change.
C. Henry couldn’t think of anything else to do, so he went to the farm.
D. The farmer died because of the bad meat he ate.
5. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. What a beautiful farm! B. Have a good time.
C. A short holiday D. Henry and the farmer.
【答案與解析】
假日里，亨利喜歡到海邊去旅游。有一次，他想去西山農(nóng)場(chǎng)享受一下田園風(fēng)光，并計(jì)劃在那兒度過(guò)一個(gè)月的時(shí)間�？墒橇钊梭@奇的是，才去四天之后他就回來(lái)了。當(dāng)朋友問(wèn)起其中的緣由時(shí)，亨利說(shuō)道：第一天，農(nóng)場(chǎng)里死了一只羊，晚餐時(shí)美美地吃了一頓烤羊肉；第二天農(nóng)場(chǎng)死了一頭牛，又吃了一頓燒牛肉；第三天農(nóng)場(chǎng)死了一頭豬，結(jié)果又吃了一頓烤豬肉�？墒牵搅说谒奶�，農(nóng)場(chǎng)主死了，我不敢再留下來(lái)吃飯了。
1. A。第二段的首句“…but one year he saw an advertisement in a newspaper.”即是答案的出處。
2. C。本題考查根據(jù)語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行分析判斷的能力。由上下文，顯然可知這是報(bào)紙上的一則廣告信息。
3. B。本題考查通過(guò)上下文對(duì)詞匯的推測(cè)能力。根據(jù)亨利的敘述可得出此答案。
4. B。這由“A different meat every day, and you are complaining!”一句可知。
5. C。本來(lái)打算要在鄉(xiāng)村農(nóng)場(chǎng)過(guò)一個(gè)暑假，結(jié)果四天之后就回來(lái)了。這能不是個(gè)短暫的假期嗎？用此作標(biāo)題既切合意，又具有幽默的味道。
