中考輔導：英語延續(xù)動詞與非延續(xù)動詞的轉換

　　動詞按其動作發(fā)生的方式、發(fā)生過程的長短可分為延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞。

　　一. 延續(xù)性動詞表示能夠延續(xù)的動作, 如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延續(xù)性動詞可以與表示時間段的狀語連用。

　　表示時間段的短語有:for+一段時間,for 2 years; since從句,since he came here; since+時間點名詞,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。

　　例: He has lived here for 6 years.

　　You can keep the book for 5 days.

　　I stayed there for 2 weeks last year.

　　How long did you stay there last year?

　　二. 非延續(xù)性動詞也稱終止性動詞、瞬間動詞, 表示不能延續(xù)的動作, 這種動作發(fā)生后立即結束。如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。

　　非延續(xù)性動詞在肯定句中與表示時間點的狀語連用，如：two years ago; at 5 o‘clock

　　例: He died 5 years ago.

　　否定的終止性動詞可以與表示時間段的時間狀語連用。例:

　　I haven‘t left here for 3 years.

　　I haven‘t heard from him for 3 weeks.examda

　　三. 延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞之間的轉換：leave - be away, borrow - keep, buy - have, begin/start - be on, die - be dead, finish - be over, join - be in+組織機構, be a member of+組織機構, open sth - keep sth open, fall ill - be ill, get up-be up, catch a cold - have a cold, come here - be here, go there - be there, become - be, come back - be back, fall asleep - be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach - be (in), leave - be away from, get to know - know, go (get) out →be out， put on→ wear；catch a cold →have a cold等。

　　例: The old man died 4 years ago. The old man has been dead for 4 years.It is 4 years since the old man died. Four years has passed since the old man died.

　　He joined the Party 2 years ago. -He has been in the Party for 2 years.

　　I bought the book 5 days ago.I have had the book for 5 days.

　　例: He died 5 years ago.

　　否定的終止性動詞可以與表示時間段的時間狀語連用。例:examda

　　I haven‘t left here for 3 years.

　　I haven‘t heard from him for 3 weeks.

　　I bought the book 5 days ago.I have had the book for 5 days.

（examda）