倒裝句-部分倒裝的幾種情況

  部分倒裝的幾種情況

1. 以否定詞開頭作部分倒裝 
　　 如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than 
　　 Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 
　　 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 
　　 No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 
　　 典型例題 
　　 No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily. 
　　 A. the game began B. has the game begun 
　　 C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 
　　 答案D. 以具有否定意義的副詞放在句首時，一般采用倒裝句(謂語前置)。這類表示否定意義的詞有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely… when 等等。 
　　 注意：只有當Not only… but also連接兩個分句時，才在第一個分句用倒裝結構。如果置于句首的Not only… but also僅連接兩個并列詞語，不可用倒裝結構。 
　　 Not only you but also I am fond of music. 
2.so, neither, nor作部分倒裝 
　　 表示也、也不 的句子要部分倒裝。 
　　 Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 
　　 If you won‘t go, neither will I. 
　　 典型例題 
　　 ---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? 
　　 ---I don‘t know, _____. 
　　 A. nor don‘t I care B. nor do I care C. I don‘t care neither D. I don‘t care also 
　　 答案：B. nor為增補意思也不關心，因此句子應倒裝。A錯在用 don‘t 再次否定， C neither 用法不對且缺乏連詞。 D缺乏連詞。 
　　 注意： 當so引出的句子用以對上文內容加以證實或肯定時，不可用倒裝結構。意為的確如此。 
　　 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. 
　　 ---It‘s raining hard. ---So it is. 
3 .only在句首要倒裝的情況 
　　 Only in this way, can you learn English well. 
　　 Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 
　　 如果句子為主從復合句，則主句倒裝，從句不倒裝 
　　 Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed. 
4 .as, though 引導的倒裝句 
　　 as / though引導的讓步從句必須將表語或狀語提前 （形容詞, 副詞, 分詞, 實義動詞提前）。 
　　 注意： 
　　 1) 句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。 
　　 2) 句首是實義動詞, 其他助動詞放在主語后。如果實義動詞有賓語和狀語, 隨實義動詞一起放在主語之前。 
　　 Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 
　　 注意: 
　　 讓步狀語從句中，有though，although時，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可連用。 
4. 其他部分倒裝 
　　 1) so… that 句型中的so 位于句首時，需倒裝。 
　　 So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 
　　 2) 在某些表示祝愿的句型中： 
　　 May you all be happy. 
　　 3) 在虛擬語氣條件句中從句謂語動詞有were, had, should等詞，可將if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主語之前，采取部分倒裝。 
　　 Were I you, I would try it again. 
　　 典型例題： 
　　 1） Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is 
　　 A. man did know B. man knew C. didn‘t man know D. did man know 
　　 答案為D. 否定詞Not在句首，要求用部分倒裝的句子結構。 
　　 2） Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted. 
　　 A. didn‘t I realize B. did I realize C. I didn‘t realize D. I realize 
　　 答案為B。 
　　 3) Do you know Tom bought a new car? 
　　 I don‘t know, ___. 
　　 A. nor don‘t I care B. nor do I care 
　　 C. I don‘t care neither D. I don‘t care also 
　　 解析：答案為B. 句中的nor引出部分倒裝結構，表示也不。由 so, neither, nor引導的倒裝句，表示前一情況的重復出現(xiàn)。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。