英語(yǔ)：主謂一致應(yīng)該注意的10個(gè)問(wèn)題

　　1.某些集體名詞如果作為一個(gè)整體來(lái)看待，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，如果表示集體中的個(gè)體成員，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

　　這類(lèi)集體名詞包括：audience(觀眾)，class(班級(jí))，club(俱樂(lè)部)，company(公司)，crowd(人群)，government(政府)，group(團(tuán)隊(duì))，team(隊(duì)伍)等。如：My family is a small one with three people.

　　但people，police，cattle等，只能按照復(fù)數(shù)對(duì)待，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)。

　　如：The people around us are all friendly and helpful.

　　2.當(dāng)名詞詞組的中心詞表示時(shí)間、距離、書(shū)名、金額等復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，把這些復(fù)數(shù)名詞看作一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

　　如：Ten years for them was so long because they led a working but hard life.

　　3.由“a pair(a kind，a bottle…)+of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作為主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式，但由“pairs( kinds，bottles…)+of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作為主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

　　如：This pair of shoes is very nice but expensive.

　　4.不定代詞each，every，no所修飾的名詞即使以and或逗號(hào)連接成多主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式。

　　如：Each boy and each girl was given a new book.

　　5.某些只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞(glasses，clothes，trousers，shoes，chopsticks，scissors等)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

　　如：Those shoes are put under the desk.

　　6.and或both…and連接并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Walking and riding are good exercises.

　　但并列主語(yǔ)如果指的是同一個(gè)人、同一事物或同一概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

　　如：A knife and fork is on the table.

　　7.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)中含有as well as，in addition to，(along)with，together with，except，besides，including等引導(dǎo)的詞組時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)依據(jù)他們前面的主語(yǔ)而定。

　　如：Jack as well as his parents has been to China before.

　　但either…or，neither…nor， not only…but also和There be出現(xiàn)在句中時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)就要采用就近原則。

　　如：There is a photo and two maps on the wall.

　　Neither her sisters nor Mary is going to the party tomorrow.

　　8. 由“分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞或百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)以及由“a lot of，lots of，plenty of，a large quantity of，half of+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與短語(yǔ)中of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致。

　　如：Ten percent of the water is polluted there.

　　9.由a number of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)要用復(fù)數(shù)形式；由the number of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)形式。

　　如：A number of people are waiting to be interviewed.

　　The number of students in our class is 50.

　　10.在“one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+who/that/which”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，從句中的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該是復(fù)數(shù)形式。但如果the only來(lái)修飾one時(shí)，從句的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是單數(shù)形式。如：This is one of the most interesting stories that have been told.