(一) 形容詞和副詞
I. 要點
A. 形容詞
1、 形容詞的用法
形容詞是用來修飾、描繪名詞的,通常在句中作定語、表語或賓補,有時還可作狀語。如:
He is honest and hardworking.
I found the book interesting.
某些形容詞與定冠詞連用表示一類人作主語時,謂語通常用復數形式。如:
The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.
The English like to be with their families.
多個形容詞作定語修飾名詞的順序:
2、 形容詞比較等級的形式
(1) 規(guī)則形式
一般說來,單音節(jié)詞及少數雙音節(jié)詞在后加-er; --est 來構成比較級和最高級;其他雙音節(jié)詞及多音節(jié)詞在前加more, most.如:
great-greater-greatest
busy-busier-busiest
important-more important-(the)most important
(2) 不規(guī)則形式
good (well)-better-best
bad (ill)-worse-worst
many (much)-more-most
little-less-least
(3) 形容詞比較等級的用法
、俦硎緝烧叩谋容^,用形容詞的比較級+than. 如:
He is cleverer than the other boys.
This one is more beautiful than that one.
、诒硎緝烧咭陨系谋容^,用"the +形容詞最高級(+名詞)+of(in) …"如:
He is the cleverest boy in his class.
、郾硎緝烧呤峭瘸潭,用"as +形容詞原級+as". 如:
He is as tall as I.
I have as many books as you.
、 越… 越…
例如:The more I learn, the happier I am.
、 You can never be too careful. 越小心越好
又如:You can never praise the teacher too highly.
你怎么贊揚這個老師也不過分。
、 I have never spent a more worrying day.
那一天是最令我擔心的一天。
I have never had a better dinner.
這是我吃過的最好的一頓飯。
、 My English is no better than yours.
B.副詞
1、 副詞的種類
(1) 時間副詞 如:ago, before, already, just, now, early, late, finally, tomorrow等
(2) 地點副詞 如:here, there, near, around, in, out, up, down, back, away, outside等。
(3) 方式副詞 如:carefully, angrily, badly, calmly, loudly, quickly, politely, nervously等。
(4) 程度副詞 如:almost, nearly, much, greatly, a bit, a little, hardly, so, very等。
2、 副詞比較等級的用法
其用法與形容詞相似,只是副詞最高級前可省略定冠詞。如:
Of all the boys he sings (the) most beautifully.
We must work harder.
3、 某些副詞在用法上的區(qū)別
(1) already, yet, still
already表示某事物已經發(fā)生,主要用于肯定句;yet表示期待某事發(fā)生,主要用于否定句和疑問句;still表示某事還在進行,主要用于肯定句和疑問句,有時也可用于否定句。如:
We