(五)動詞虛擬語氣
I. 要點
1、 虛擬語氣的構(gòu)成
注:如果條件從句謂語動詞包含有were或had, should, could有時可將if省去, 但要倒裝。如:
Had you (If you had) invited us, we would have come to your party.
2、 虛擬語氣在各種從句的應(yīng)用
(1) 在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等,其謂語形式是"should(可省) +動詞原形",常用于以下三種句型中。
句型一:It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc) that…
句型二:It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc) that…
句型三:It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc) that…
如: It is strange that he (should) have done that.
It is a pity that he (should) be so careless.
It is requested that we (should) be so careless.
(2) 在賓語從句中用于suggest, propose, move, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command等動詞后的賓語從句中,表間接的命令和建議。其謂語形式是"(should)+動詞原形"。如:
I suggest that we (should) go swimming.
(3) 在表語從句中,表示間接的命令,要求、請求、建議、決定等,主句中的主語通常是suggestion, proposal, request, orders, idea等。從句謂語形式是"(should)+動詞原形"。如:
His suggestion is that we (should) leave at once.
(4) 在同位語從句中,謂語形式是"(should)+動詞原形"。如:
We received order that the work be done at once.
(5) 在It is time that…句型中,其謂語動詞形式是"動詞的過去式"或
"should +動詞原形",should不可省。如:It