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考前點撥：中考英語典型陷阱題例析
典型陷阱之非謂語動詞
1. He made some toys _______ his little son.
A. please B. to please C. pleasing D. pleased
2. My uncle enjoys _______ TV after supper.
A. watching B. watches C. watch D. to watch
【解析】此題陷阱選項為B或D。這是由于知識錯誤引起的。一些考生把這里的watch當作謂語動詞就誤選為B。很多考生誤認為enjoy后面要接動詞不定式就選了D。其實，enjoy后面接動詞時要用其ing形式。這樣的動詞還有finish, mind, practise, feel like, keep, be worth等等。正確答案為A。
3. Mr Brown asked us to stop _______, and we stopped _______to him at once.
A. talking, to listen B. to talk, to listen C. talking, listening D. to talk, listen
【解析】此題陷阱選項為B或C。因為stop后面可以接動詞不定式也可以接動詞的ing形式，如果弄不清兩者的區(qū)別就很可能誤選為B或C或D。stop to do意為“停下(別的事)來開始做某事”，stop doing意為“停止做某事”。正確答案為A。這個句子意為“布朗先生叫我們停止談話，我們立刻停下來開始聽他講話”。后面接動詞不定式或動詞的ing 形式有很大的區(qū)別的詞有：try, remember, forget, go on等，try to do努力做某事，try doing試著做某事，remember to do記得要去做某事，remember doing記得做過某事，forget to do忘記要去做某事，forget doing忘記做過某事，go on to do接著做另一件事，go on doing繼續(xù)做原來做的事。(from www.zkenglish.com)
4. The doctor did what he could _______ the boy.
A. help B. to help C. helped D. helping
【解析】此題陷阱選項為A。很多同學認為情態(tài)動詞后面肯定要接動詞原形。但是，在這里不能選A，因為情態(tài)動詞could后面本來有動詞原形do，只是被省略了。正確答案為B。這里to help the boy這個不定式短語用來作目的狀語�！�
5. Mary is often listened _______ in the next room.
A. to sing B. sing C. sang D. to to sing
【解析】此題易誤選為A。一般來說listen to和其他感官動詞一樣，以不帶to的動詞不定式作其賓語補足語。但當該動詞短語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，其后的動詞不定式符號to不能省略。這里應(yīng)特別注意，listen是一個不及物動詞，在接賓語時to不能省略。正確答案為D。
典型陷阱之反意疑問句
1. There is hardly any rain this summer, _______?
A. isn’t it B. is it C. isn’t there D. is there
2. She was unhappy when she heard the news, _______?
A. was she B. wasn’t she C. does she D. didn’t she
【解析】此題陷阱選項為A。當句中有no, nothing, never, hardly, few, little等否定詞或半否定詞時后面的反意疑問句要用肯定形式。但是，當句中有由加否定前綴或后綴構(gòu)成的否定詞時，后面的反意疑問句不受其影響，仍用否定形式。正確答案為B。
3. She thinks she can get there on time, _______she?
A. can B. can’t C. doesn’t D. does
【解析】此題陷阱選項為A或B。錯誤的原因是受了思維定式的影響。因為在平時訓練時“I think + that從句 / I don’t think + that從句”這樣的句子，它們后面的反意疑問句的主語和謂語要根據(jù)后面的從句來確定，肯定或否定形式則根據(jù)主句來確定。如：I think she will win the game, won’t she? I don’t think chickens can swim, can they? 但是，當主句中的主語不是I時，其后的反意疑問句的主語和謂語仍然根據(jù)主句來確定。因此，正確答案為C。
4. —They haven’t paid for their tickets, have they?
—_______. They didn’t pay any money.
A. Yes, they have B. No, they haven’t C. Yes, they haven’t D. No, they have.
【解析】此題陷阱選項為A或C。選A的同學是由于忽略語境造成的，如果不看They didn’t pay any money. 這句話，那么A項確實是正確答案。選C的同學是由于受了漢語思維的定式引起的，因為這個答案譯成漢語正好是“是的，他們沒有付錢”。大家應(yīng)注意否定疑問句的回答方式與肯定的疑問句的回答方式是一樣，只不過這時yes要譯為“不”，而no要譯為“是的”。正確答案為B。(from)
典型陷阱之主謂一致
1. Neither Jack nor Li Lei and I _______ interested in playing computer games.
A. am B. is C. are D. was
2. The teacher and writer _______ doing morning exercises this time yesterday.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
【解析】此題陷阱選項為D。誤選的原因是把the teacher and writer誤認為是兩個人，其實，the teacher and the writer才是兩個人，意為“那個老師和那個作家”。到底是一個人還是兩個人的關(guān)鍵是看and后面的名詞前面是否有修飾語，有修飾語就是兩個人或(物)，沒有修飾語就是一個人(或物)。正確答案為B。(from www.zkenglish.com)
3. Everyone except Tom and David _______there when the meeting began.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
【解析】此題陷阱選項為C或D。此題考查主謂一致問題，許多同學會受Tom and David的影響會誤選為C或D這兩個答案。其實，這里屬于“單數(shù)主語＋介詞短語”作主語的情況，這時謂語動詞應(yīng)不受介詞短語中的名詞或代詞的影響，仍然用單數(shù)形式。正確答案為B�！�
4. Every boy and girl _______ the book and they each _______ to buy one.
A. likes, wants B. likes, want C. like, wants D. like, want
【解析】此題陷阱選項為A或C。選A的同學認為兩個主語中都有every或each應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式；選C的同學認為第一空前面的主語是boy and girl是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)，第二空前面的主語是each是單數(shù)，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。其實，受了every修飾的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)不受each的影響，仍用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故正確答案為B。(待續(xù))
