一、現(xiàn)在完成進行時
構成:由“have /has been +現(xiàn)在分詞”構成。
用法:表示從過去某個時候開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作。強調(diào)現(xiàn)在依然在進行,并還可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。如:
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中國人造紙有2000年了。(2000年前中國人開始造紙,現(xiàn)在中國人還在造紙)
注:有的動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時沒什么差別。如:
We’ve been living here since 1 990.
We’ve lived here since 1990. 從1990年起我們就在這里住了。
但有些靜態(tài)動詞只能用于現(xiàn)在完成時,一般不能用于完成進行時。如:
I’ve known him for many years. 我認識他有許多年了。
二、過去完成進行時
構成:由“had been +現(xiàn)在分詞”構成。
用法:表示從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到另外一個過去時間的動作,這個動作在當時仍在進行并可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。如:
He was out of breath. He had been running. 他氣喘吁吁,他一直在跑著。
Up till then she had been living with her son. 到那時為止她一直和她兒子一起住。
He gave up smoking last year. He’d been smoking for thirty years. 去年他戒煙了。他抽煙已經(jīng)30年。
He was very tired. He had been working all day. 他很累。他干了一整天活。
I heard you’d been looking for me. 我聽說你一直在找我。