2013中考英語(yǔ)備考：名詞各項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)匯總

　　五、部分名詞用法辨析：

　　1、sport、game、match、race 的區(qū)別：sport通常指“戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)”，以鍛煉為主，概念較大;game意思是“運(yùn)動(dòng)、比賽”，不管戶內(nèi)戶外還是腦力體力，指以勝負(fù)為主的運(yùn)動(dòng);match意為“競(jìng)賽、比賽”，多指正式比賽;race主要表示“賽跑、賽馬、賽車”。如：People all around the world enjoy sports.(全世界的人都喜愛(ài)運(yùn)動(dòng)) / The 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.(2008奧運(yùn)會(huì)將在北京舉行)(被動(dòng)句) / Our school football team won the league match(聯(lián)賽)。(我們學(xué)校足球隊(duì)取得了聯(lián)賽冠軍) / They were strong and won the boat race.(湯他們很棒，贏得了劃艇比賽)

　　2、festival、holiday、vacation的區(qū)別：festival“節(jié)日”，指喜慶的日子或持續(xù)一段時(shí)間的文娛活動(dòng);holiday(假日、休息日)，指法定假日或風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，復(fù)數(shù)可以表示一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的假期;vacation“假期”，指學(xué)習(xí)或工作中一段長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的休息。如：The Shanghai Television Festival will be held next month.(上海電視節(jié)將在下個(gè)月舉行) / Sunday is a holiday and most people do not work.(星期天是個(gè)假日，多數(shù)人不工作) / What are you going to do during the summer vacation/holidays?(在暑期你打算做什么事情?)

　　3、journey、tour、trip、travel的區(qū)別：journey指在陸地上(或海上或空中)進(jìn)行的長(zhǎng)途旅行，不知終點(diǎn)，含有辛苦的意思;tour指途中作短期逗留的巡回旅行，強(qiáng)調(diào)游覽多處，常用來(lái)指觀光等;trip通常指往返定時(shí)的短途旅行，如出差度假等;travel多指長(zhǎng)期或長(zhǎng)途的觀光旅行，尤其指到國(guó)外，沒(méi)有明確目的地，也作不可數(shù)名詞，指旅行這一行為。如：He made up his mind to make the journey to Dunhuang.(他拿定主意要去敦煌旅行)/ He has gone on a walking tour.(他步行觀光去了) / He took several trips to Shanghai last yeaar.(去年他去了上海好幾次) / Did you go to Santiago(圣地亞哥) during your travels?(旅行期間你去圣地亞哥了嗎?) / Travelling through thick forests is dangerous.(在密林里邊穿行是很危險(xiǎn)的)

　　4、sound、noise、voice的區(qū)別：sound指各種聲音;noise主要指“噪音”;voice指人的“嗓音”。如：The noise of the street kept me awake in the night.(街上的喧囂聲讓我徹夜難眠) / All of a sudden there was the sound of shots and a cry.(突然間傳來(lái)幾聲槍響和一聲尖叫) / The singer has lost her ringing voice as a result of a bad cold.(因?yàn)楦忻暗木壒剩�這個(gè)歌唱家失去了她銀鈴般的嗓音)

　　5、fish的問(wèn)題：指許多條魚且不管種類時(shí)，用fish，單復(fù)數(shù)相同;fishes 指許多種類的魚;fish指“魚肉”時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞。如：There are many kinds of fishes in the pool. (池子里有很多種類的魚)/ I prefer fish to meat.(與肉相比我更喜歡魚)