2015年中考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總：動(dòng)詞的知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)(1)

　　下面做個(gè)簡(jiǎn)要的講解。

　　一、be 動(dòng)詞做系動(dòng)詞

　　1、系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)

　　當(dāng)be 動(dòng)詞做系動(dòng)詞使用時(shí)，主要構(gòu)成“系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)，在句子中做謂語(yǔ)。表語(yǔ)可以是名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等。例如：

　　The man is a science teacher.

　　Mary's new dresses are colourful.

　　Mother is in the kitchen now.

　　I have been there before.

　　They shall be here at 10:00 tommorow.

　　That can't be true.

　　You are not being very polite.

　　Your brother is being very annoying this evening

　　2、be 動(dòng)詞的一般疑問(wèn)句，方法是把be 移到主語(yǔ)前面，也可說(shuō)成是移到句首。

　　Is the man a science teacher? Yes, he is. / No, he isn't.

　　Are Mary's new dresses colourful? Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.

　　Was mother in the kitchen then? Yes, she was. / No, she wasn't.

　　Were you at home the day before yesterday? Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't.

　　Was she late this morning? Yes, she was. / No, she wasn't.

　　3、be 動(dòng)詞用在特殊疑問(wèn)句

　　在特殊疑問(wèn)句里，be 動(dòng)詞仍然移到主語(yǔ)前面，但特殊疑問(wèn)句是以特殊疑問(wèn)詞開(kāi)頭的，所以be 動(dòng)詞只能說(shuō)是移到主語(yǔ)前面，或者說(shuō)是在特殊疑問(wèn)詞的后面。例如：

　　Whose bike is broken? Xiao Ming's bike is.

　　Who was singing in the room? Mr. Zhang was.

　　Where are you from? I am from Wuhu.

　　What class were you in? We were in Class 2.

　　How old is Tom? He is ten.

　　4、be 動(dòng)詞的否定句

　　be 動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，它的否定形式是在be 后加not，并且可以縮寫(xiě)。例如：

　　It is not sunny today.

　　Tom and his friends are not in the park.

　　You were not nine years old when I went to the university.

　　He was not often late for his class when he was a student.

　　I wasn't here yesterday.

　　My parents weren't at home last Sunday.

　　5、be 動(dòng)詞的祈使句

　　be 動(dòng)詞的祈使句有肯定和否定兩種形式�？隙ㄐ问绞且詁e 動(dòng)詞開(kāi)頭，而否定形式或強(qiáng)調(diào)句形，要加don't 或do。例如：

　　Be careful!

　　Be a good boy!

　　Don't be silly!

　　Don't be a fool!

　　Do be obedient!

　　Do be careful.

　　二、be 動(dòng)詞做助動(dòng)詞

　　助動(dòng)詞be 有兩個(gè)基本用法，一是與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài)，二是構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

　　1、“be + 現(xiàn)在分詞組”成各種進(jìn)行式時(shí)態(tài)。例如：

　　Tony's maid is washing his new car.

　　The children are playing in the field.

　　Samuel was eating when I came in.

　　We have been living here since 1959.

　　This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.

　　三、注意事項(xiàng)

　　英語(yǔ)句子中，為了表達(dá)時(shí)態(tài)或被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的需要，常常會(huì)出現(xiàn)幾個(gè)助動(dòng)詞連在一塊兒使用。也就是說(shuō)，助動(dòng)詞be會(huì)和其它助動(dòng)詞一起使用。這時(shí)候，整個(gè)句子的一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句，就不一定是對(duì)be 進(jìn)行變化了，而是以第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞為主進(jìn)行變化。即哪個(gè)助動(dòng)詞在先，就以它為主進(jìn)行變化。例如：

　　[肯定句] All the wonderful birds can be found in our Bird Park. (助動(dòng)詞有兩個(gè)：can be )

　　[疑問(wèn)句] Can all the wonderful birds be found in our Bird Park? (移第一個(gè)can)

　　[否定句] All the wonderful birds can not be found in our Bird Park. (在第一個(gè)can 后加not)

　　[肯定句] I have been there before. (兩個(gè)助動(dòng)詞：have, been )

　　[疑問(wèn)句] Have you been there before?

　　[否定句] I have not been there before.

　　[肯定句] I shall be having my supper at six tomorrow evening. (兩個(gè)助動(dòng)詞：shall, be )

　　[疑問(wèn)句] Will you be having my supper at six tomorrow evening?

　　[否定句] I shall not be having my supper at six tomorrow evening.

　　四.　　助動(dòng)詞be，無(wú)詞義，輔助主要?jiǎng)釉~一起在句中作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。用法如下：

　　1. be+doing：構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，有現(xiàn)在和過(guò)去兩種進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如：

　　The girls is reading and copying the new words now.

　　Young Tom was always asking questions and trying out new ideas.

　　2. be+going to do，表示"打算或?qū)⒁�做某�?，be有現(xiàn)在和過(guò)去兩種形式。如：

　　We are going to plant trees in the park.

　　I didn’t know if she was going to come here.

　　3. be+to do，表示"按計(jì)劃安排將要做某事"。如：

　　The new shop is not to be opened till next Monday. One night an angel came to

　　Mary and told her that she was to have this special boy.

　　五.there be

　　there be句式為：there be+主語(yǔ)部分+狀語(yǔ)部分，表示"某處存在某物"，be常用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，過(guò)去時(shí)和將來(lái)時(shí)等。如：

　　Oh, cool! And there are many things to see. There is even a deer park in Sanya.

　　There are about 80 pyramids in Egypt.

　　Will there be a football match in your school next week?

　　六，實(shí)義be

　　可以將be視為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，因?yàn)樗�具有�?shí)際的詞義，如"成為;做;發(fā)生;舉行;逗留;到達(dá)"等。如：His daughter wants to be a doctor for animals in her twenties.Kates birthday party will be at half past six this evening.Jim has been in China for morethan two years, but he has not yet been to Yichang.

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