各地中考
您現(xiàn)在的位置: 考試吧 > 2021中考 > 復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo) > 中考英語(yǔ) > 正文

2020中考英語(yǔ)必考八大時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)及用法詳解

來(lái)源:考試吧 2020-1-15 17:57:11 要考試,上考試吧! 萬(wàn)題庫(kù)
2020中考英語(yǔ)必考八大時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)及用法詳解,更多2020中考備考資料、2020中考經(jīng)驗(yàn)等信息,請(qǐng)?jiān)L問(wèn)考試吧中考網(wǎng)或微信搜索“考試吧初高中”獲取。

  一般將來(lái)時(shí)

  標(biāo)志:will / shall + 動(dòng)詞原形

  1. 表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),通常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用(e.g. tomorrow, next week, in the future等)。如:

  We shall have a lot of rain next month.

  My husband will come back in a few days.

  2. 表示傾向性和習(xí)慣性:

  Fish will die without water.

  When it gets warmer, the snow will start to melt.

  3. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的幾種句式結(jié)構(gòu)辨析:

  1) will / shall + 動(dòng)詞原形

  多用于表達(dá)主觀(guān)愿望或必定會(huì)發(fā)生的事情(“將會(huì)如何”)

  *shall作助動(dòng)詞時(shí)一般只用于第一人稱(chēng)

  2) be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形

  表示即將發(fā)生或打算要做的事:

  It is going to rain.

  We are going to have a meeting today.

  3) be to + 動(dòng)詞原形

  表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作:

  He is to visit Japan next year.

  We are to discuss the report on Monday.

  4) be about to + 動(dòng)詞原形

  表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,意為“馬上要做某事”,后面一般不跟時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),如:

  The plane is about to start.

  Don’t worry. I am about to make a close examination on you.

  4

  現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

  標(biāo)志:be + 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞

  1. 表示說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作:

  She is writing a letter upstairs.

  Who are you waiting for?

  It is raining hard.

  2. 表示現(xiàn)階段一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行):

  I hear Mr. Green is writing another novel.

  3. 表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,往往包含說(shuō)話(huà)者贊揚(yáng)、責(zé)備、厭惡等情緒,通常與always, constantly, continually, forever等頻度副詞連用。如:

  John is forever asking silly questions like a stupid.

  He is always thinking of others first.

  4. 表示將來(lái)

  1) 表示按計(jì)劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,僅適用于部分趨向動(dòng)詞(如go, come, leave, start, arrive等)。如:

  Uncle Wang is coming.

  They're leaving for Beijing.

  2) 在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)某時(shí)正在發(fā)生的事情。如:

  Please drop in when you are passing my way.

  If he is still sleeping, don’t wake him up.

  5

  過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

  標(biāo)志:was / were + 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞

  1. 表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)中常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有the whole morning, all day yesterday, from January to March last year等。如:

  I was having a talk with Lucy at that time.

  They were watching TV at home last night.

  2. 表示過(guò)去反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,往往包含說(shuō)話(huà)者贊揚(yáng)、責(zé)備、厭惡等情緒,通常與always, constantly, continually, forever等頻度副詞連用。如:

  My brother was always losing his keys.

  3. 表示按計(jì)劃、安排過(guò)去某時(shí)刻將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,僅適用于部分趨向動(dòng)詞(如go, come, leave, start, arrive等)。如:

  He said they were leaving for Beijing this afternoon.

  4. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)有一個(gè)主要用法就是描述一件事情發(fā)生的背景(一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作延續(xù)的時(shí)候,另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生):

  Granny fell asleep when she was reading.

  It was raining when they left the station.

  6

  現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

  標(biāo)志:have / has + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞

  1. 表示一個(gè)過(guò)去發(fā)生并已完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響或結(jié)果,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的狀況(表示“已完成”)。如:

  He has left the city. (結(jié)果:他目前不在這個(gè)城市)

  Someone has broken the window. (結(jié)果:窗戶(hù)破了)

  2. 表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也可能還會(huì)繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去(表示“未完成”)。

  I have been busy since last week.

  He has taught in our school for 30 years.

  I’ve finished half so far.

  注意 瞬間動(dòng)詞通常是不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表持續(xù)性的,但其否定結(jié)構(gòu)則可以。如:

  She hasn’t seen you for ages.

  His father hasn’t touched beer for a whole week.

  3. 表示過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在為止反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或多次出現(xiàn)的狀態(tài),常與表示頻度的副詞always, often, every day等連用。如:

  I have often heard that he is the cleverest person in that company.

  4. 在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將來(lái)某時(shí)完成的動(dòng)作。如:

  I’ll go to your home when I have finished my homework.

  If it has stopped snowing in the morning, we’ll go the park.

  5. 與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的常見(jiàn)詞語(yǔ)

  能與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的詞語(yǔ)很多,just, already, yet, before, never, ever, recently等,但常見(jiàn)的有:

  1) since 自從

  I have been there many times since the war.

  We haven’t seen each other since last week.

  We have been friends ever since.

  2) in / for / during the past/last … years 在過(guò)去/最近…中

  I’ve been ill for the past three weeks.

  Great changes have take place in the last ten years.

  I have been here (for) the last/past month.

  3) so far 到目前為止

  We haven’t had any trouble so far.

  So far the search for the missing middle-aged woman has been fruitless.

  4) up to/until now 到現(xiàn)在為止

  Up to now he’s been quiet.

  Up to now, the work has been easy.

  I have heard nothing from him up till now.

  Up till now we have planted over 2000 trees.

  5) It is/will be the first/second … time that … 這是第一/二…次…

  It’s the first time (that) I’ve been here.

  It will be the first time (that) I’ve spoken in public.

  It is the second time (that) I have met him today.

  6) This is + 形容詞最高級(jí) + that … 這是最…

  This is the best film that I’ve (ever) seen.

  6. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別

  1) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果,與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系;

  而一般過(guò)去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是在過(guò)去,不涉及對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。如:

  I have seen this film. (我已經(jīng)看過(guò)了這部電影)

  I saw this film yesterday. (我是昨天看的這部電影)

  2) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用(如for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, always等),或者干脆沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ);

  而一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用(如yesterday, last night, …ago, in 1980, in February等)。

  3) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示持續(xù)時(shí)一般使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(如live, teach, work, know等);

  而一般過(guò)去時(shí)常使用瞬間動(dòng)詞(如begin, buy, die, marry等)。如:

  He has lived in Hangzhou since last spring.

  My grandfather bought the car five years ago.

  7. 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)辨析

  1) 考生容易把一些瞬間動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表達(dá),這是錯(cuò)誤的。如:

  (×) He has died for two years. 他死了兩年了。

掃描/長(zhǎng)按二維碼關(guān)注 助中考一臂之力!
獲取2020中考報(bào)名時(shí)間
獲取2020中考作文
獲取2套仿真內(nèi)部資料
獲取歷年考試真題試卷

微信搜索"考試吧初高中" 關(guān)注獲得中考資料

  相關(guān)推薦

  各地2020中考報(bào)名時(shí)間2020中考時(shí)間安排關(guān)注微信先報(bào)名

  2020中考報(bào)考指南中考報(bào)名方法中考報(bào)名條件

  2020中考大綱及解讀2020中考政策歷年真題及答案

文章搜索
國(guó)家 北京 天津 上海 重慶
河北 山西 遼寧 吉林 江蘇
浙江 安徽 福建 江西 山東
河南 湖北 湖南 廣東 廣西
海南 四川 貴州 云南 西藏
陜西 甘肅 寧夏 青海 新疆
黑龍江 內(nèi)蒙古 更多
中考欄目導(dǎo)航
版權(quán)聲明:如果中考網(wǎng)所轉(zhuǎn)載內(nèi)容不慎侵犯了您的權(quán)益,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系800@exam8.com,我們將會(huì)及時(shí)處理。如轉(zhuǎn)載本中考網(wǎng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)注明出處。
領(lǐng)
免費(fèi)復(fù)習(xí)資料
最新中考資訊
文章責(zé)編:wuxiaojuan825