教育部考試中心：中小學(xué)幼兒園教師資格考試大綱

《英語學(xué)科知識與教學(xué)能力》(高級中學(xué))

　　一、 考試目標(biāo)

　　1. 英語學(xué)科知識與能力

　　具有扎實(shí)的英語語言基礎(chǔ)知識和語言溝通能力;具備從事高中英語教學(xué)所需要的英語語言能力;能理解有關(guān)英語國家的語言、歷史和文化等相關(guān)知識。

　　2.英語學(xué)科教學(xué)知識與能力

　　掌握基本的、適合高中英語教學(xué)的學(xué)科教學(xué)知識和英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)知識，并能用以指導(dǎo)高中英語教學(xué)。

　　3.英語學(xué)科教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)能力

　　能夠根據(jù)英語學(xué)科特點(diǎn)，針對高中學(xué)生的認(rèn)知特點(diǎn)、語言水平和學(xué)習(xí)需要選擇并設(shè)計(jì)合理的教學(xué)內(nèi)容，形成完整合理的教學(xué)方案。

　　4. 英語學(xué)科教學(xué)實(shí)施能力

　　理解高中英語課堂教學(xué)實(shí)施的基本原則和方法，具備實(shí)施語言課堂教學(xué)的基本能力;能夠依據(jù)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)，根據(jù)教學(xué)實(shí)際情況，采用恰當(dāng)?shù)慕虒W(xué)手段，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行有效學(xué)習(xí)。

　　5. 英語學(xué)科教學(xué)評價知識與能力

　　了解高中英語課堂教學(xué)評價的基本知識和方法，能夠?qū)W(xué)生的語言學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)行恰當(dāng)?shù)脑u價;了解教學(xué)反思的基本方法和策略，能夠?qū)ψ约旱恼n堂教學(xué)實(shí)踐進(jìn)行反思，提出改進(jìn)的思路。

　　二、考試模塊內(nèi)容與要求

　　(一) 語言知識與能力

　　1.掌握英語語言的基礎(chǔ)知識，了解語言學(xué)研究中與語言教學(xué)相關(guān)的基本概念和內(nèi)容，并能在課堂教學(xué)中加以運(yùn)用。

　　2.具有良好的英語語言運(yùn)用能力，包括用英語進(jìn)行書面表達(dá)、獲取教學(xué)資源和信息、表達(dá)思想情感和與學(xué)生良好溝通的能力;能夠篩選并改編適合高中學(xué)生英語水平的教學(xué)材料。

　　3.能在語篇中理解英語國家的語言、歷史和文學(xué)等相關(guān)的社會文化知識。

　　(二)語言教學(xué)知識與能力

　　1.了解英語教學(xué)基本理論，理解語言觀、語言學(xué)習(xí)觀、語言教學(xué)觀等對高中英語教學(xué)的指導(dǎo)作用。

　　2.理解《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(實(shí)驗(yàn))》的目標(biāo)內(nèi)容(語言技能、語言知識、情感態(tài)度、學(xué)習(xí)策略和文化意識)，以及課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的其他相關(guān)知識，并能在教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)施中運(yùn)用。

　　3.掌握英語語言知識(語音、詞匯、語法等)的教學(xué)基本原則、講解和練習(xí)方法。

　　4.掌握英語語言技能(聽、說、讀、寫)教學(xué)的基本原則和訓(xùn)練方法。

　　5.能結(jié)合英語社會文化語境，設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)施英語知識和技能的教學(xué)與訓(xùn)練。

　　(三)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

　　1.了解高中學(xué)生的認(rèn)知特征、已有的英語知識、語言能力和學(xué)習(xí)需求，能夠說明教學(xué)內(nèi)容與學(xué)生已學(xué)知識之間的聯(lián)系。

　　2.理解課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的目標(biāo)要求，能夠根據(jù)學(xué)生的特點(diǎn)選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)慕虒W(xué)內(nèi)容。

　　3.掌握根據(jù)恰當(dāng)?shù)慕虒W(xué)內(nèi)容，設(shè)定合理、明確與具體的教學(xué)目標(biāo)。

　　4.能根據(jù)教學(xué)目標(biāo)，創(chuàng)設(shè)教學(xué)情景、設(shè)計(jì)有效的教學(xué)活動、安排合理的教學(xué)過程、編制輔助教學(xué)材料。

　　5.能夠根據(jù)教學(xué)內(nèi)容和教學(xué)過程，設(shè)計(jì)有效的學(xué)習(xí)評估活動。

　　(四)教學(xué)實(shí)施與評價

　　1.掌握英語課堂教學(xué)的基本步驟與方法，能夠創(chuàng)設(shè)教學(xué)情景，激發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)動機(jī)，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生參與語言學(xué)習(xí)活動。

　　2.掌握指導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的方法和策略，能依據(jù)英語學(xué)科特點(diǎn)和學(xué)生的認(rèn)知特征，根據(jù)教學(xué)實(shí)際情況，恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用語言講解、互動練習(xí)、提問、反饋等方法，幫助學(xué)生有效學(xué)習(xí)。

　　3.掌握課堂管理基本方法，熟悉課堂活動常用組織形式，能在教學(xué)活動中以學(xué)生為中心組織教學(xué)，能在課堂教學(xué)的不同階段發(fā)揮教師的作用。

　　4.掌握課堂總結(jié)的方法，能適時地對教學(xué)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行歸納、總結(jié)與評價，科學(xué)合理地布置作業(yè)。

　　5.了解現(xiàn)代教育技術(shù)，能夠針對不同英語課型，整合多種資源和輔助教學(xué)手段進(jìn)行有效教學(xué)。

　　6.了解高中英語教學(xué)形成性評價和終結(jié)性評價的知識與方法，并在教學(xué)中合理運(yùn)用。

　　7.掌握教學(xué)案例評析的基本方法，能夠?qū)λo的教學(xué)案例進(jìn)行評價。

　　8.了解教學(xué)反思的基本方法和策略，能夠?qū)ψ约旱慕虒W(xué)進(jìn)行反思并提出改進(jìn)思路。

　　三、試卷結(jié)構(gòu)

　　四、 題型示例

　　I. 語言知識與能力

　　1. 單項(xiàng)選擇題(語言知識)

　　(1)Thousands of ex-army officers have found _________ jobs in private security firms in the US.

　　A. lucrative B. ludicrous

　　C. longish D. lucky

　　(2)The manager persuaded the team to play the game. What actually happened according to this statement?

　　A. The manager played hard.

　　B. The team played hard.

　　C. The team actually did not play.

　　D. The manager actually did not play.

　　II. 單項(xiàng)選擇題(閱讀理解)

　　READING COMPREHENSION

　　Read the following passage and answer the questions below.

　　Transcribe the sound represented by the underlined letter(s) in the words and then describe it. (10 points)

　　Medicine in Britain

　　In Britain there is a national health service (the NHS), which is paid for by taxes and national insurance, and in general people do not have to pay for medical treatment. Every person is registered with a doctor in their local area, known as a general practitioner or GP. This means that their name is on the GP’s list, and they may make an appointment to see the doctor or may call the doctor out to visit them if they are ill. People sometimes have to pay part of the cost of drugs that the doctor prescribes. GPs are trained in general medicine but are not specialists in any particular area. If a patient needs to see a specialist doctor, they must first go to their GP and then the GP will make an appointment for the patient to see a specialist at a hospital or clinic.

　　Although everyone in Britain can have free treatment under the NHS, it is also possible to have private medical care, for which one has to pay. Some people have private health insurance to help them pay for private treatment. Under the NHS, people who need to go to a hospital (e.g., for an operation) may have to wait a long time. If they pay for the treatment, they will probably get it more quickly.

　　Anyone who is very ill can call an ambulance and be taken to a hospital for free emergency medical treatment. Ambulances are a free service in Britain.

　　(1)In the British medicare system, a doctor who serves a local community is more likely to be paid by ________.

　　A. patients and their families B. everyone in the country

　　C. insurance companies D. tax payers and personal contributions

　　(2) Some people opt for private medical service because it is ________.

　　A. quick and free

　　B. long waiting list and paid service

　　C. short waiting time and paid medicare

　　D. short waiting time and better medicine

　　III. 語言教學(xué)知識

　　1.單項(xiàng)選擇題

　　Which of the following activities belongs in communicative practice?

　　A. Repeating sentences that the teacher says.

　　B. Doing oral grammar drills.

　　C. Reading aloud passages from the textbook.

　　D. Giving instructions so that someone can use a new machine.

　　2. 簡答題(中文作答)

　　(1)請辨析下列兩個句子的不同點(diǎn)并解釋原因。

　　Did you eat something this evening?

　　Did you eat anything this evening?

　　(2)英語教師應(yīng)該如何看待并處理學(xué)生的語言錯誤?請舉例說明。

　　IV.教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)題

　　請根據(jù)以下提供的信息和語言素材進(jìn)行教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)。本題用英文作答。具體要求是：根據(jù)所提供的語言素材設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)活動，要求教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)具體、教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析恰當(dāng)、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)突出、教學(xué)過程完整、師生任務(wù)明確。

　　學(xué)生概況：本班為中等城市普通學(xué)校高中一年級的學(xué)生，班級人數(shù)為40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已具備一定的英語語言能力。學(xué)生能夠積極參與課堂活動，合作意識較強(qiáng)。

　　教學(xué)時間：45分鐘

　　語言素材：(加粗單詞為學(xué)生首次接觸的詞匯)

　　The Road to Modern English

　　At the end of the 16th century, above five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.

　　Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. Look at this example:

　　British Betty: Would you like to see my flat?

　　American Amy: Yes, I’d like to come up to your apartment.

　　So why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At first, the English language spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too. English began to speak in both countries.

　　Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of English Language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English Spelling.

　　English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English became the language for government and education. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.

　　V.教學(xué)情景分析題(中文作答)

　　分析以下教學(xué)片段：

　　T: What did your mummy do yesterday, Wang Lin?

　　S: My mummy buyed the dress for me.

　　T: Oh, that is nice, your Mummy bought it for you, did she?

　　S: Yes.

　　T: Where did she buy it?

　　S: She buyed it in town.

　　T: Oh, she bought it in town for you. Well, it is very nice.

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