計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)閱讀材料（1）

　　計(jì)算機(jī)英語(yǔ)(1)

　　Desktop Pattern

　　In the graphical user interface of Microsoft Windows 98,a graphical pattern-called wallpaper-displayed on the desktop (the background "beneath" windows, icons, and dialog boxes). The pattern or picture in the screen background that can be chosen by the user. To change the desktop pattern, choose Display from the Control Panel.

　　桌面圖案

　　在Microsoft Windows 98的圖形用戶界面中,一種顯示在桌面上稱為壁紙(Wallpaper )的圖形圖案(窗口、圖標(biāo)和對(duì)話框后面的背景),屏幕背景可由用戶選擇圖案樣式或畫面。要改變桌面圖案時(shí),從控制面板上選擇顯示方式。

　　計(jì)算機(jī)英語(yǔ)(2)

　　Federated Database

　　In scientific networking ,a collaborative database (part of a collaborator) in which scientists pool their knowledge and discoveries .Federated databases are one proposed solution to the Grand Challenges——problems that are so complex that they far outstrip the capabilities of individual scientists ,or even individual research institutions ,to tackle them independently.

　　聯(lián)合式數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

　　在科學(xué)聯(lián)網(wǎng)中,科學(xué)家們匯集其知識(shí)和發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種合作數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)(合作的一部分)。聯(lián)合數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)是對(duì)種種重大挑戰(zhàn)問(wèn)題(Grand Challenges)的一種建議性的解決方案——這些問(wèn)題太復(fù)雜,以致于超出單個(gè)科學(xué)家的能力,甚至單個(gè)研究所都無(wú)法來(lái)單獨(dú)解決它們。

　　計(jì)算機(jī)英語(yǔ)(3)

　　Collapse

　　When creating an outline or viewing a directory tree (such as in the Windows Explorer ),the process of hiding all the outline levels or subdirectories below the selected outline heading or directory.

　　折疊

　　當(dāng)生成一個(gè)題綱或觀察一個(gè)目錄樹(如在Windows資源管理器中)時(shí),在選定的題綱標(biāo)題或目錄下隱藏所有的題綱層或子目錄的過(guò)程 。

　　計(jì)算機(jī)英語(yǔ)(4)

　　Collision

　　In local area networks (LANs) ,a garbled transmission that results when two or more workstations transmit to the same network cable at exactly the same time . Networks have means of preventing collisions.

　　沖突

　　在局域網(wǎng)(LANs)中,當(dāng)兩個(gè)或多個(gè)工作站恰好在同時(shí)向同一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)線路上傳送(數(shù)據(jù))時(shí)產(chǎn)生的錯(cuò)亂傳輸。網(wǎng)絡(luò)擁有防止沖突的方法。

　　計(jì)算機(jī)英語(yǔ)(5)

　　Shift key

　　A key that ,when pressed in combination with another key ,gives the other key an alternative meaning ;for example ,producing an uppercase character when a letter key is pressed .The Shift key is also used in various key combinations to create nonstandard characters and to perform special operations .Early IBM keyboards labeled the Shift key only with a white arrow .Later keyboards label this key with the word Shift.

　　上檔鍵(又譯為換檔鍵)

　　當(dāng)一個(gè)鍵與另一個(gè)鍵組合使用時(shí),它可改變另一個(gè)鍵的含義,例如，在按下某個(gè)字母鍵時(shí)產(chǎn)生大寫字母。上檔鍵也可用在各種鍵組合中，以生成非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)字符和執(zhí)行特殊操作。早期IBM鍵盤僅用一個(gè)白色箭頭標(biāo)明換檔鍵,后來(lái)的鍵盤用Shift標(biāo)明這個(gè)鍵。