計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)閱讀材料（2）

　　計(jì)算機(jī)英語(yǔ)(24)

　　Artificial Life

　　A scientific research area devoted to the creation and study of computer simulations of living organisms .Computer viruses have forced a renewal of the debate on the definition of life .Besides forcing us to re-examine our definition of life ,artificial life research may create more effective technology .By applying artificial life concepts to real-life problems ,we can program computer-generated solutions to compete for survival based on their capability to perform a desired task well.

　　人工生命

　　致力于建立和研究計(jì)算機(jī)模擬生命組織(有機(jī)體)的一種科研領(lǐng)域。計(jì)算機(jī)病毒已迫使關(guān)于生命定義的辯論重新展開。除了迫使我們重新檢查生命定義之外,人工生命研究可能會(huì)創(chuàng)造更有效的技術(shù)。通過(guò)將人工生命概念應(yīng)用于現(xiàn)實(shí)生活問(wèn)題,我們可以對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)生成的解決方案編程,以在其有能力很好地完成所要求任務(wù)的基礎(chǔ)上為生存而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。

　　計(jì)算機(jī)英語(yǔ)(25)

　　Alias

　　An alternative name for software ,hardware ,or user that points to the real name .For example ,on your computer ,you can name your hard drive Thelma instead of the insipid manufacturer identification ,like Q540.An alias applied to a software program will allow it to be opened via different names or icons in different windows .Most E-mail providers allow you to choose an alias in place of your real user name on the network ,so a message addressed to joesmith@smith.com will get to a user registered as mjsmith .Alias is a secondary or symbolic name for a file ,a collection of data ,or a computer device .In a spreadsheet ,a range name ,such as Income ,is an alias for a range ,such as A3..K3.In networks ,group aliases provide a handy way to send electronic mail to two or more people simultaneously.

　　別名

　　指對(duì)軟件 、硬件或有真實(shí)名稱的用戶的替換名稱。例如,在你的計(jì)算機(jī)上,你可對(duì)硬盤驅(qū)動(dòng)器命名為Thelma,而不是命名為枯燥無(wú)味的廠商標(biāo)志,如Q540。軟件程序的別名將使軟件通過(guò)不同窗口中的不同名稱或圖標(biāo)打開。大多數(shù)E-mail提供者允許你在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上選擇一個(gè)別名來(lái)代替真實(shí)用戶名。因此,發(fā)送給 joesmith@smith.com 的一條消息將被送到以mjsmith注冊(cè)的用戶。別名是一個(gè)文件、一組數(shù)據(jù)或一臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)設(shè)備的第二個(gè)名字或符號(hào)名。在電子數(shù)據(jù)表中,像Income這樣的區(qū)域名是一個(gè)區(qū)域的別名,如A3..K3。在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,組別名提供了同時(shí)向兩個(gè)或多個(gè)人發(fā)送電子郵件的便利方法。

　　計(jì)算機(jī)英語(yǔ)(26)

　　Video Wall

　　A wall of multiple rack-mounted video monitors or rearprojection displays that together produce a very large image or combinations of images .Video walls can be dramatic attention-grabbing devices for advertising or art ,when a single image is spread across many adjacent monitors .Video walls can be fed from computer output or from real time television signals .Software divides the image and routes the pieces to each monitor ,and can create special effects .

　　視頻墻

　　是由多個(gè)安裝在機(jī)架上的視頻監(jiān)視器或后投影式顯示器組成的大屏幕,一起生成一幅非常大的圖像或圖像組合。當(dāng)單幅圖像分散在許多相鄰監(jiān)視器上時(shí),視頻壁可成為用于廣告或藝術(shù)的引人注目的裝置。視頻壁可由計(jì)算機(jī)輸出或?qū)崟r(shí)電視信號(hào)傳送信號(hào)。軟件將圖像分割并向每個(gè)監(jiān)視器傳送圖像片斷,而且可產(chǎn)生特殊的效果。

　　計(jì)算機(jī)英語(yǔ)(27)

　　Whois

　　A Unix utility ,run by a whois server ,that enables users to locate the electronic mail address ,and often the telephone number and other information ,of people who have an account on the same computer system .In Novell networks ,a command that displays a list of all users logged on the network.

　　Whois

　　由whois服務(wù)器運(yùn)行的一種Unix實(shí)用程序,它可使用戶對(duì)那些在相同計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)上有一個(gè)賬號(hào)的人們對(duì)電子郵件地址(常常是電話號(hào)碼或其他信息)定位。在Novell網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,是顯示登錄在該網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的所有用戶清單的一個(gè)命令。

　　計(jì)算機(jī)英語(yǔ)(28)

　　Wild Card

　　Characters, such as asterisks and question marks, that stand for any other character that may appear in the same place .Microsoft Windows 95 uses two wild cards :the asterisk(*) which stands for any character or characters, and the question mark(?), which stands for any single character.

　　通配符

　　諸如星號(hào)和問(wèn)號(hào)這樣的字符,它們代表可能出現(xiàn)在同一地方的任何其他字符 。Microsoft Windows 95使用兩種通配符:星號(hào)(*)──代表任何一個(gè)或多個(gè)字符;問(wèn)號(hào)(?)──代表任何單個(gè)字符。