Section C

　　Looking at the basic biological systems, the world is not doing very well. Yet, economic indicators show the world is prospering. Despite a slow start at the beginning of the 80s, global economic output increased by more than a fifth during the decade. The economy grew, trade increased, and millions of new jobs were created. How can biological indicators show the opposite of economic indicators? The answer is that the economic indicators have a basic fault. They show no difference between resource uses that sustain progress and those uses that will hurt it. The main measure of economic progress is the Gross National Products -- GNP. In simple terms, this totals the value of all goods and services produced and subtracts loss in value of factories and equipment. Developed a half century ago, GNP helped establish a common way among countries of measuring change in economic output. For some time, this seemed to work reasonably well, but serious weaknesses are now appearing. As indicated earlier, GNP includes loss in value of factories and equipment, but it does not take into account the loss of natural resources, including non-renewable resources, such as oil, or renewable resources, such as forests. This basic fault can produce a misleading sense of national

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