Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [ D ]
1. A) The man thinks travelling by air is quite safe.
B) The woman never travels by plane.
C) Both speakers feel nervous when flying.
D) The speakers feel sad about the serious loss of life.
2. A) At the information desk.
B) In an office.
C) In a restaurant.
D) At a railway station.
3. A)Write the letter.
B) Paint the shelf.
C) Fix the shelf.
D) look for the pen.
4. A) It gives a 30% discount to all customers.
B) It is run by Mrs. Winter's husband.
C) It hires Mrs. Winter as an adviser.
D) It encourages husbands to shop on their own.
5. A) Long exposure to the sun.
B) Lack of sleep.
C) Too tight a hat.
D) Long working hours.
6. A) His English is still poor after ten years in America.
B) He doesn't mind speaking English with an accent.
C) He doesn't like the way Americans speak.
D) He speaks English as if he were a native speaker.
7. A) an auto mechanic.
B) An electrician
C) A carpenter.
D) A telephone repairman.
8. A) They both enjoyed watching the game.
B) The man thought the results were beyond their expectations.
C) They both felt good about the results of the game.
D) People were surprised at their winning the game.
9. A) Manager and employee.
B) Salesman and customer.
C) Guide and tourist.
D) Professor and student.
10. A) Tom has arranged a surprise party for Lucy.
B) Tom will keep the surprise party a secret.
C) Tom and Lucy have no secrets from each other.
D) Tom didn' t make any promise to Lucy.
Section B Compound Dictation
注意：聽力理解的B節(jié)(Section B)為復(fù)合式聽寫 (Compound Dictation)，題目在試卷二上，現(xiàn)在請取出試卷二。
Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.
Birds that are literally halfasleep--with one brain hemisphere alert and the other sleeping--control which side of the brain remains awake, according to a new study of sleeping ducks.
Earlier studies have documented halfbrain sleep in a wide range of birds. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. The eye controlled by the sleeping hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemisphere's eye stays open and alert. Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once.
Decades of studies of bird flocks led researchers to predict extra alertness in the more vulnerable, endoftherow sleepers. Sure enough, the end birdstended to watch carefully on the side away from their companions. Ducks in the inner spots showed no preference for gaze direction.
Also, birds dozing(打盹) at the end of the line resorted to singlehemisphere sleep, rather than total relaxation, more often than inner ducks did. Rotating 16 birds through the positions in a four duck row, the researchers found outer birds halfasleep during some 32 percent of dozing time versus about 12 percent for birds in internal spots.
"We believe this is the first evidence for an animal behaviorally controlling sleep and wakefulness simultaneously in different regions of the brain，"the researchers say.
The results provide the best evidence for a longstanding supposition that singlehemisphere sleep evolved as creatures scanned for enemies. The preference for opening an eye on the lookout side could be widespread, he predicts. He's seen it in a pair of birds dozing sidebyside in the zoo and in a single pet bird sleeping by a mirror. The mirrorside eye closed as if the reflection were acompanion and the other eye stayed open.
Useful as halfsleeping might be, it's only been found in birds and such water mammals(哺乳動物) as dolphins, whales, and seals. Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning.
Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep. Jerome M. Siegel of the UCLA says he wonders if birds' halfbrain sleep "is just the tip of the iceberg(冰山)" He speculates that more examples may turn up when we take a closer look at other species.
11. A new study on birds' sleep has revealed that ________ .
A) halfbrain sleep is found in a wide variety of birds
B) halfbrain sleep is characterized by slow brain waves
C) birds can control their halfbrain sleep consciously
D) birds seldom sleep with the whole of their brain at rest
12. According to the passage, birds often half sleep because ________ .
A) they have to watch out for possible attacks
B) their brain hemispheres take turns to rest
C) the two halves of their brain are differently structured
D) they have to constantly keep an eye on their companions
13. The example of a bird sleeping in front of a mirror indicates that ________.
A) the phenomenon of birds dozing in pairs is widespread
B) birds prefer to sleep in pairs for the sake of security
C) even an imagined companion gives the bird a sense of security
D) a single pet bird enjoys seeing its own reflection in the mirror
14. While sleeping, some water mammals tend to keep half awake in order to ________ .
A) alert themselves to the approaching enemy
B) emerge from water now and then to breathe
C) be sensitive to the everchanging environment
D) avoid being swept away by rapid currents
15. By "just the tip of the iceberg"( Line 2, Para. 8), Siegel suggests that________ .
A) halfbrain sleep has something to do with icy weather
B) the mystery of halfbrain sleep is close to being solved
C) most birds living in cold regions tend to be half sleepers
D) halfbrain sleep is a phenomenon that could exist among other species
Passage Two
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.
A nine year old schoolgirl singlehandedly cooks up a sciencefair experiment that ends up debunking(揭穿……的真相) a widely practiced medical treatment. Emily Rosa's target was a practice known as therapeutic(治療的) touch (TT for short), whose advocates manipulate patients' "energy field"to make them feel better and even, say some, to cure them of various ills. Yet Emily's test shows that these energy fields can't be detected, even by trained TT practitioners (行醫(yī)者). Obviously mindful of the publicity value of the situation, Journal editor George Lundberg appeared on TV to declare, "Age doesn't matter. It's good science that matters, and this is good science."
Emily's mother Linda Rosa, a registered nurse, has been campaigning against TT for nearly a decade. Linda first thought about TT in the late '80s, when she learned it was on the approved list for continuing nursing education in Colorado. Its 100,000 trained practitioners (48,000 in the U. S.) don't even touch their patients. Instead, they waved their hands a few inches from the patient's body, pushing energy fields around until they' re in "balance." TT advocates say these manipulations can help heal wounds, relieve Pain and reduce fever. The claims are taken seriously enough that TT therapists are frequently hired by leading hospitals, at up to $ 70 an hour, to smooth patients' energy, sometimes during surgery.
Yet Rosa could not find any evidence that it works. To provide such proof,TT therapists would have to sit down for independent testing--something they haven't been eager to do, even though James Randi has offered more than $1 million to anyone who can demonstrate the existence of a human energy field. (He's had one taker so far. She failed.) A skeptic might conclude that TT practitioners are afraid to lay their beliefs on the line. But who could turn down an innocentfourthgrader? Says Emily:"I think they didn't take me very seriously because I'm a kid."
The experiment was straight forward: 21 TT therapists stuck their hands, palms up, through a screen. Emily held her own hand over one of theirsleft or rightand the practitioners had to say which hand it was. When the results were recorded, they'd done no better than they would have by simply guessing. If there was an energy field, they couldn't feel it.
16. Which of the following is evidence that TT is widely practiced?
A) TT has been in existence for decades.
B) Many patients were cured by therapeutic touch.
C) TT therapists are often employed by leading hospitals.
D) More than 100,000 people are undergoing TT treatment.
17. Very few TT practitioners responded to the $1 million offer because ________.
A) they didn't take the offer seriously
B) they didn't want to risk their career
C) they were unwilling to reveal their secret
D) they thought it was not in line with their practice
18. The purpose of Emily Rosa's experiment was ________.
A) to see why TT could work the way it did
B) to find out how TT cured patients' illnesses
C) to test whether she could sense the human energy field
D) to test whether a human energy field really existed
19. Why did some TT practitioners agree to be the subjects of Emil's experiment?
A) It involved nothing more than mere guessing.
B) They thought it was going to be a lot of fun.
C) It was more straightforward than other experiments.
D) They sensed no harm in a little girl's experiment.
20. What can we learn from the passage?
A) Some widely accepted beliefs can be deceiving.
B) Solid evidence weighs more than pure theories.
C) Little children can be as clever as trained TT practitioners.
D) The principle of TT is too profound to understand.
Passage Three
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
What might driving on an automated highway be like? The answer depends on what kind of system is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on the drawing board. The first is a specialpurpose lane system, in which certain lanes are reserved for automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system: fully automated vehicles would share the road with partially automated or manual driven cars. A specialpurpose lane system would require more extensive physical modifications to existing highways, but it promises the greatest gains in freeway（高速公路）capacity.
Under either scheme, the driver would specify the desired destination, furnishing this information to a computer in the car at the beginning of the trip or perhaps just before reaching the automated highway. If a mixed traffic system way was in place, automated driving could begin whenever the driver was on suitably equipped roads. If specialpurpose lanes were available, the car could enter them and join existing traffic in two different ways. One method would use a special onramp(入口引道).
As the driver approached the point of entry for the highway, devices install
ed on the roadside would electronically check the vehicle to determine its destinati
on and to ascertain that it had the proper automation equipment in good working order. Assuming it passed such tests, the driver would then be guided through a gate and toward an automated lane. In this case, the transition from manual to auto mated control would take place on the entrance ramp. An alternative technique could employ conventional lanes, which would be shared by automated and regular vehicles. The driver would steer onto the highway and move in normal fashion to a "transition'lane. The vehicle would then shift under computer control onto alane reserved for automated traffic. (The limitation of these lanes to automated traffic would, presumably, be well respected, because all trespassers(非法進(jìn)入者) could be swiftly identified by authorities.)
Either approach to joining a lane of automated traffic would harmonize the movement of newly entering vehicles with those already traveling. Automatic control here should allow for smooth merging without the usual uncertainties and potential for accidents. And once a vehicle had settled into autmated travel, the driverwould be free to release the wheel, open the morning paper or just relax.
21. We learn from the first paragraph that two systems of automated highways ________.
A) are being planned
B) are being modified
C) are now in wide use
D) are under construction
22. A specialpurpose lane system is probably advantageous in that ________.
A) it would require only minor changes to existing highways
B) it would achieve the greatest highway traffic efficiency
C) it has a lane for both automated and partially automated vehicles
D) it offers more lanes for automated vehicles
23. Which of the following is true about driving on an automated highway?
A) Vehicles traveling on it are assigned different lanes according to their
destinations.
B) A car can join existing traffic any time in a mixed lane system.
C)The driver should inform his car computer of his destination before driving onto
it.
D) The driver should share the automated lane with those of regular vehicles.
24. We know from the passage that a car can enter a specialpurpose lane________.
A) by smoothly merging with cars on the conventional lane
B) by way of a ramp with electronic control devices
C) through a specially guarded gate
D) after all trespassers are identified and removed
25. When driving in an automated lane, the driver ________.
A) should harmonize with newly entering cars
B) doesn't have to rely on his computer system
C) should watch out for potential accidents
D) doesn't have to hold on to the steering wheel
Passage Four
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Taking charge of yourself involves putting to rest some very prevalent myths. At the top of the list is the notion that intelligence is measured by your ability to solve complex problems; to read, write and compute at certain levels;and to resolve abstract equations quickly. This vision of intelligence asserts formal education and bookish excellence as the true measures of selffulfillment. It encourages a kind of intellectual prejudice that has brought with it some discouraging results. We have come to believe that someone who has more educational merit badges, who is very good at some form of school discipline is"intelligent." Yet mental hospitals are filled with patients who have all of the properly lettered certificates. A truer indicator of intelligence is an effective, happy life lived each day and each present moment of every day.
If you are happy, if you live each moment for everything it's worth, then you are an intelligent person. Problem solving is a useful help to your happiness, but if you know that given your inability to resolve a particular concern you can still choose happiness for yourself, or at a minimum refuse to choose unhappiness, then you are intelligent. You are intelligent because you have the ultimate weapon against the big N. B. D. --Nervous Break Down.
"Intelligent'people do not have N.B.D.'s because they are in charge of themselves. They know how to choose happiness over depression, because they know how to deal with the problems of their lives.
You can begin to think of yourselfas truly intelligent on the basis of how you choose to feel in the face of trying circumstances. The life struggles are pretty much the same for each of us. Every one who is involved with other humanbeings in any social context has similar difficulties. Disagreements, conflictsand compromises are a part of what it means to be human. Similarly, money, growing old,sickness, deaths, natural disasters and accidents are all events which present problems to virtually all human beings. But some people are able to make it, to avoid immobilizing depression and unhappiness despite such occurrences, while others collapse or have an N. B.D. Those who recognize problems as a human condition and don' t measure happiness by an absence of problems are the most intelligent kind of humans we know; also, the most rare.
26. According to the author, the conventional notion of intelligence measured in terms
of one' s ability to read, write and compute ________.
A) is a widely held but wrong concept
B) will help eliminate intellectual prejudice
C) is the root of all mental distress
D) will contribute to one's selffulfillment
27. It is implied in the passage that holding a university degree ________.
A) may result in one's inability to solve complex reallife problems
B) does not indicate one's ability to write properly worded documents
C) may make one mentally sick and physically weak
D) does not mean that one is highly intelligent
28. The author thinks that an intelligent person knows ________.
A) how to put up with some very prevalent myths
B) how to find the best way to achieve success in tire
C) how to avoid depression and make his life worthwhile
D) how to persuade others to compromise
29. In the last paragraph, the author tells us that ________.
A) difficulties are but part of everyone's life
B) depression and unhappiness are unavoidable in life
C) everybody should learn to avoid trying circumstances
D) good feelings can contribute to eventual academic excellence
30. According to the passage, what kind of people are rare?
A) Those who don't emphasize bookish excellence in their pursuit of happiness.
B) Those who are aware of difficulties in life but know how to avoid unhappiness.
C) Those who measure happiness by an absence of problems but seldom suffer from N.
B. D. ' s.
D) Those who are able to secure happiness though having to struggle against trying
circumstances.
PartIII Vocabulary (20 minute)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) . Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
31. Starting with the ________ that there is life on the planet Mars, the seientst
went on to develop his argument.
A) premise B) pretext C) foundation D) presentation
32. After several nuclear disasters, a ________ has raged over the safety of nuclear
energy.
A) quarrel B) suspicion C) verdict D) controversy
33. Their diplomatic principles complely laid bare their ________ for world conquest.
A) admiration B) ambition C) administration D)orientation
34. The director gave me his ________ that he would double my pay if I did my job well.
A) warrant B) obligation C) assurance D) certainty
35. The Christmas tree was decorated with shining ________ such as colored lights and
glass balls.
A) ornaments B) luxuries C) exhibits D) complements
36. The two most important ________ in making a cake are flour and sugar .
A) elements B) components C) ingredients D) constituents
37. Cultural ________ indicates that human beings hand their languages down from one
generation to another.
A) translation B) transition C) transmission D) transaction
38. We must look beyond ________ and assumptions and try to discover what is missing.
A) justifications B) illusions C) manifestations D) specifications
39. No one imagined that the apparently ________ businessman was really a criminal.
A) respective B) respectable C) respectful D) realistic
40. If nothing is done to protect the environment, millions of spedes that are alive
today will have become ________ .
A) deteriorated B) degenerated C) suppressed D) extinct
41. The ________ of the scientific attitude is that the human mind can suceeed in
understanding the universe.
A) essence B) texture C) content D) threshold
42. The old lady has developed a ________ cough which cannot be cured completely in a
short time.
A) perpetual B) permanent C) chronic D) sustained
43. What the correspondent sent us is an ________ news report. We can depend on it
A) evident B) authentic C) ultimate D) immediate
44. Having had her as a professor and adviser, I can tell you that she is an
_______ force who pushes her students to excel far beyond their own expectations.
A) inspirational B) educational C) excessive D) instantaneous
45. Some researchers feel that certain people have nervous systems particularly ______
to hot, dry winds. They are what we call weathersensitive people.
A) subjective B) subordinate C) liable D) vulnerable
46. Hurricanes are killer winds, and their ________ power lies in the physical damage
they can do.
A) cumulative B) destructive C) turbulent D) prevalent
47. In some countries, students are expected to be quiet and ________ in the classroom.
A) skeptical B) faithful C) obedient D) subsidiary
48. In spite of the ______economic forecasts, manufacturing output has risen slightly.
A) gloomy B) miserable C) shadowy D) obscure
49. Body paint or face paint is used mostly by men in preliterate societies in order
to attract good health or to _______ disease.
A) set aside B) ward off C) shrug off D) give away
50. The international situation has been growing _____difficult for the last few years.
A) invariably B) presumably C) increasingly D) dominantly
51. The prisoner was ______ of his civil liberty for three years.
A) discharged B) derived C) deprived D) dispatched
52. Small farms and the lack of modern technology have ______ agricultural production.
A) blundered B) tangled C) bewildered D) hampered
53. The Japanese scientists have found that scents ______ efficiency and reduce stress
among office workers.
A) enhance B) amplilf C) foster D) magnify
54. All the students have to ______to the rules and regulations of the school.
A) confirm B) confront C) confine D) conform
55. He ______ his head, wondering how to solve the problem
A) scrapped B) screwed C) scraped D) scratched
56. As soon as the boy was able to earn his own living he ______ his parents' strict
rules.
A) defied B) refuted C) excluded D) vetoed
57. The helicopter a light plane and both pilots were killed.
A) coincided with B) stumbled on C) tumbled to D) collided with
58. To ______ is to save and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such good
condition that others may also share the enjoyment.
A) conserve B) conceive C) convert D) contrive
59. Put on dark glasses or the sun will ______ you and you won' t be able to see.
A) discern B) distort C) distract D) dazzle
60. In ______ times human beings did not travel for pleasure but to find a more
favourable climate.
A) prime B) primitive C) primary D) preliminary
Part IV Cloze ( 15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B) C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE with a single line through the centre.
In the United States, the first day nursery, was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the 61 half of the 19th century; most
of 62 were charitable. Both in Europe and in the U.S., the daynursery movemen
t received great 63 during the First World War, when 64 of manpower caused the
industrial employment of unprecedented(前所未有) numbers of women. In some European countries nurseries were established 65 in munitions(軍火) plants, under dir
ect government sponsorship. 66 the number of nurseries in the U.S. also rose 67 ,
this rise was accomplished without government aid of any kind. During the years
following the First World War, 68 , federal,State, and local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control 69 the day nurseries, chiefly by 70 them and by.
The 71 of the Second World War was quickly followed by an increase in the number of day nurseries in almost all countries, as women were 72 called up on to replace men in the factories. On this 73 the U.S. government immediately came to the support of the nursery schools, 74 $ 6,000,000 in July, 1942,for a nurseryschool program for the children of working mothers. Many States and local communities 75 this Federal aid. By the end of the war, in August, 1945, more than 100,000 children were being cared 76 in daycare centers receiving Federal 77 . Soon afterward, the Federal government 78 cut down its expenditures for this purpose and later 79 them, causing a sharp drop in the number of nursery schools in operation. However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their 80 at the end of
the war was only partly fulfilled.
61. A) latter C) other B) late D) first
62. A) those B) them C) whose D) imitation
63. A) impetus B) input C) imitation D) initiative
64. A) sources B) abundance C) shortage D) reduction
65. A) hardly B) entirely C) only D) even
66. A) Because B) As C) Since D) Although
67. A) unanimously B) sharply C) predominantly D) militantly
68. A) therefore B) consequently C) however D) moreover
69. A) over B) in C) at D) about
70. A) formulating B) labeling C) patenting D) licensing
71. A) outset B) outbreak C) breakthrough D) breakdown
72. A) again B) thus C) repeatedly D) yet
73. A) circumstance B) occasion C) case D) situation
74. A) regulating B) summoning C) allocating D) transferring
75. A) expanded B) facilitated C) supplemented D) compensated
76. A) by B) after C) of D) for
77. A) pensions B) subsidies C) revenues D) budgets
78. A) prevalently B) furiously C) statistically D) drastically
79. A) abolished B) diminished C) jeopardized D)precluded
80. A) nurseries B) homes C) jobs D) chidren
試卷二
Part I
Section B Compound Dictation
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times 。When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S7 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from S8 to S10 you are required to fill in the missing information. You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
The human body is a remarkable food processor. As an adult, you may consume(S1) a ton of food per year and still not gain or lose a pound of body weight. You are (S2) harnessing, and consuming energy through the intricate (S3)
of your body in order to remain in energy balance. To (S4) a given body weight, your energy input must balance your energy output. However, sometimes the (S5) energy balance is upset, and your(S6) body weight will either fall or (S7) .
The term body image refers to the mental image we have of our own physical appea
rance, and (S8) . Research has revealed that about 40 percent of adult men and 55 percent of adult women are dissatisfied with their current body weight. (S9). Atthe college level, a study found that 85 percent of both male and female first year students desired to change their body weight. (S10) . Thinness is currently an attribute that females desire highly. Males generally desire muscularity. The vast majority of individuals who want to change their body weight do it for the sake of appearance: most want to lose excess body fat. while a smaller percentage of individuals actually want to gain weight.
2001年1月大學(xué)英語六級考試試題聽力原文
Section A
1. W: Have you heard about the plane crash yesterday? It caused a hundred and twenty
deaths. I am never at ease when taking a flight.
M: Though we often hear about air crashes and serious casual deeds,flying is one of
the safest ways to travel.
Q: What do we learn from this conversation?
2. W: I have a complaint to make,Sir. I had waited ten minutes at the table before the
waiter showed up,and I finally got served. And I found it was not what I ordered.
M: I am terribly sorry,madam.It's a bit unusually busy tonight. As a compensation,
your meal will be free.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?
3. M: I can't find my pen. I need to write a letter.
W: I'll look for it later. Right now I need you to help fix the shelf before paint
it.
Q: What would they do first?
4. M: Mrs. Winter, I need your advice, I want to buy a dress for my wife, can you tell
me where I can get one at a reasonable price?
W: Sure, go to Richard's. It has the latest styles and gives a 30% discount to
husbands who shop alone.
Q: What do we know about Richard's shop?
5. M: My headaches are terribly. Maybe I need more sleep.
W: Actually, you need less sun and some aspirin. It would help if you wear a hat.
Q: What does the woman think is the cause of the man's headache?
6. M: Did you know this: after almost ten years in the United States, with such a
strong accent.
W: Yes, but he is proud of it. He says it is a part of his identity.
Q: What does the conversation tell us about Mr. Li?Li still speaks English.
7. W: This is Mrs. Starched,my heater is not getting any power and weatherman says the
temperature is to fall below zero tonight.Could you get someone to come over and
fix it?
M: This is the busiest time of the year, but I'll speak to one of our men about
going over some time today.
Q: Who did Mrs. Starched want to come over?
8. M: Though we didn't win the game, we were satisfied with our performance.
W: You did a great job. You almost beat the world's champions. It's a real surprise
to many people.
Q: What do we learn from this conversation?
9. W: Sorry I did not come yesterday,because I had a temperature.Could you tell me the
requirement for my term paper?
M: The theme of your paper can be about business management or touring resources in
China, and the length of the paper should be no less than fifteen pages.
Q: What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers?
10. W: I don't think we should tell Tom about the surprising party for Lucy.
M: It's all right. He promised not to tell, and he does not make promises likely.
Q: What does the man mean?
2001年1月大學(xué)英語六級考試試題答案與解析
Part I Listening Comprehension
Section A
l-10 A C C D A A B C D D
Section B
S1 over S2 constantly S3 mechanism
S4 maintain S5 overall S6 normal S7 increase
S8 This can be influenced by a variety of factors，including how much you weigh and how that weight is distributed.
S9 Similarly findings have also been reported at high school level，mainly with female students.
S10 The primary cause of this concern is the value that American society is ingeneral asociety to physical appearance.
PartⅡ Reading Comprehension
11. 正確答案為C)。根據(jù)文章第1、3-6段可知，對鳥類睡眠的最新研究表明，它們能夠有意識地控制自己的半腦睡眠。這幾段舉例說明了對這個問題實驗的情況。選項A)、B)、D)雖在文章第2 段中也提到了，但那是文獻(xiàn)記載的以前研究的情況(Earlier studies have documented...)故均不是正確答案。
12. 正確答案為A)。根據(jù)文章第6段The results provide the best evidence for along standing supposition that singlehemisphere sleep evolved as creatures scanned for enemies.(這些研究結(jié)果為一個長久以來的假設(shè)提供了最好的證據(jù)，即單側(cè)腦睡眠是在生物警惕敵人過程中進(jìn)化形成的。)
13. 正確答案為C)。根據(jù)文章第6段內(nèi)容：鳥類單側(cè)腦睡眠是在警惕敵人過程中進(jìn)化而來，此結(jié)論還可推而廣之。在需要警惕的一側(cè)，鳥兒喜歡睜著一只眼睛……，一對動物園里的鳥兒挨著打瞌睡時 是如此，寵物鳥靠鏡子一側(cè)的眼睛閉著，好象鏡子中的影子是一個伙伴，而另一只眼睛卻睜著， 也說明這種情況。所以選項C)是答案。
14. 正確答案為B)。根據(jù)文章第7段第2句Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning.(也許，保持一側(cè)腦醒著可以使睡眠中的動物不時浮出水面而刁；淹死。)所以B)emerge from water now and then to breathe(不時浮出水面來呼吸)是正確答案。
15. 正確答案為D)。根據(jù)文章最后的一段，也就是含有這個短語的上下文。Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep...He (Siegel)speculates that more examples may turn up when we take closer look at other species.(對鳥類的研究可能提供對睡眠的獨特認(rèn)識�！茰y當(dāng)我們對其他物種仔細(xì)觀察時，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)更多的例證。)因此選項D)所說"半側(cè)腦睡眠這種現(xiàn)象可能存在于其他物種"正是"just the tip of iceberg"所表達(dá)的意思。
16. 正確答案為C)。根據(jù)第2段The claims are taken seriously enough that TT therapists are frequently hired by leading hospitals.(這種宣揚很受重視，以致TT行醫(yī)者經(jīng)常受雇于大的醫(yī)院……)選項A)文章中沒有提及，選項B)敘述不準(zhǔn)確，文中只是說，據(jù)稱這種方法能使人病情好轉(zhuǎn)，甚至說有的能治療各種疾病"。選項D)與文章內(nèi)容不符，文章說，川萬受過培訓(xùn)的TT行醫(yī)者甚至不接觸病人身體……。故A)，B)，D)均不是答案。
17. 正確答案為C)。根據(jù)文章第3段第2句：為了提供這樣一個證明(證明人有"能場'')，TT行醫(yī)者不得不坐下接受獨立的測試--這是他們一直都不愿意做的事情，即使詹姆斯·蘭迪為能演示人存在"能場"的人提供一百多萬美元的獎金。(To provide such proof, TT therapists would have to sit down for independent testingsomething they haven'tbeen eager to do, even though James Landi has offered more than $ 1 million to anyone who can demonstrate the existence of a human energy field.)
18. 正確答案為D)。根據(jù)文章第1段我們知道，TT行醫(yī)者所宣揚的就是通過調(diào)節(jié)病人的"能場"來治�。╳hose advocates manipulate patient's "energy field" to make them feel better and even, say some, to cure them of various ills）。在第2段中，又提到"運用這種手法可以推動能場轉(zhuǎn)動直到平衡(…pushing energy fieds around until they're in "balance")"而愛米麗·瑞莎的實驗就是證明是否能場真的存在。特別文章最后一句If there was an energy field, they couldn't feel it.(如果有一個能場的話，他們也感覺不到。)選項C)說是測試她能否感覺到能場，如果是這樣的話，前提是存在一個能場，這當(dāng)然是錯誤的。A)，B)兩個選項也是錯誤的。
19. 正確答案為D)。根據(jù)文章第3段從第2句到段末這部分：A skeptic might conclude that TT practitioners are afraid to lay their beliefs on the line. But who would turn down an innocent, fourthgrader?Says Emily:"I think they didn't take me very seriously because I'm a kid".(懷疑的人或許會因為TT行醫(yī)者害怕使他們自己處于被揭露的危險中，但誰能拒絕一個天真的四年級的小學(xué)生呢?愛米麗說，"我想他們不會太把我當(dāng)回事，因為我是個小孩子。)
20. 正確答案為A)。此題要求概括主題。文章第1句就是主題句：A nineyearold schoolgir
l singlehandly cooks up a sciencefair experiment the ends up debunking a wide
ly practiced medical treatment. (一個9歲的小女孩獨自設(shè)計了一個公開的科學(xué)實驗，結(jié)果揭穿了一種廣為流行的醫(yī)療方法的真相。)
21. 正確答案為A)。根據(jù)第1段第2，3句：The answer depends on what kind of system is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on the drawing board. (答案取決于最后采用哪一種系統(tǒng)，兩種不同的類型都在繪圖板上。)回答此問題的關(guān)鍵是要知道drawingboard的意思。所以選項A) are being planned是正確答案。
22. 正確答案為B)。根據(jù)第1段最后一句：A specialpurpose lane system would require more extensive physical modifications to existing highways,but it promises the greatest gains in freeway capacity (特別目的車道系統(tǒng)要求對現(xiàn)有的高速公路進(jìn)行更廣泛的改造，但它會使高速公路獲得最大的能力。)
23. 正確答案為C)。根據(jù)第2段第1句：Under either scheme, the driver would specify the desired destination, furnishing this information to a computer in the car at the beginning of the trip or perhaps just before reaching the automated highway.(不論采用那種設(shè)計，司機(jī)都需要在其開始行駛時或在到達(dá)自動化高速公路前確定要去的目的地，把這個信息輸入車上的計算機(jī)。)故C)是正確答案。選項B)與文章內(nèi)容相悖，因為原文第2段第2句是on suitably equipped roads而不是existing traffic。選項D)提到的情況只適用于第2種設(shè)計方案，即混合式交通系統(tǒng)。故A)，B)，D)均不是答案。
24. 正確答案為B)。根據(jù)文章第2段第3，4，5句：如果使用特殊目的的車道……一種方法是使
用特殊的人口引道。當(dāng)司機(jī)接近高速公路人口處時，安裝在道邊的電子裝置會檢測車輛的目的地并搞清是否有能工作的自動化裝置。(If specialpurpose lanes were available,…One method would use a special onramp. As drivers approached the point of entry for the highway, devices installed on the roadside would electronically check the vehicle to determine its destination and to ascertain that it had the proper automation equipment in good working order.)
25. 正確答案為D)。根據(jù)第3段的最后一句：And once a vehicle had settled into automated travel, the driver would be free to release the wheel, open the morning paperor just relax. (一旦車輛進(jìn)入自動行駛狀態(tài)，司機(jī)就可以放開方向盤，打開晨報或者只是休息。)
26. 正確答案為A)。這是一篇新老觀點對應(yīng)性文章。老觀點也就是平常的大家普遍接受的觀點：聰明指的是受到正規(guī)教育，成績優(yōu)秀，并以此作為自我完善的手段。新觀點強(qiáng)調(diào)心理健康，否定老觀點，所以A)是答案。
27. 正確答案為D)。通讀全文我們知道，作者認(rèn)為真正能體現(xiàn)聰明的是能否過一種有意義；愉快的生活，每天，每時都是這樣。而獲得大學(xué)學(xué)位的人未必能做到。所以選項D)與作者的這種觀點相符，是正確答案。選項C)有一定的干擾性，雖然作者說神經(jīng)病醫(yī)院里滿是持有各種證書的病人。但這并不是說持有大學(xué)學(xué)位可能使一個人神經(jīng)得病或身體虛弱。
28. 正確答案為C)。選項A)與文章內(nèi)容相悖，文章說要摒棄某些很流行的說法(putting rest some very prevalent myths)，而不是要忍耐這些說法。選項B)和選項D)的內(nèi)容在文章中均未提到， 故只有選項C)是正確答案。另外，也可以根據(jù)第2段第1句來推斷：If you are happy, if you live each moment for everything it's worth, then you are an intelligent person. (如果你感到愉快，如果你為所有值得的事物活每一時刻，你就是一個聰明的人。) '
29. 正確答案為A)。根據(jù)第4段第2，3，4句的內(nèi)容：在任何社會環(huán)境中與別人交往，每個人都有相的困難。意見不合，沖突和妥協(xié)是作為人的一部分存在的。(Everyone who is involved with other human in any social context has similar difficulties. Disagreements, conflicts and compromises are a part of what it means to be human.)選項A)與之相符，是正確答案。選項B)干擾性較大，這與原文不符。原文說But some people are able to make it, to avoid immobilizing depression and unhappiness despite such occurrences.(但有些人能克服，盡管有這些事情發(fā)生，他們能避免陷入沮喪和不愉快中不能自拔。)這意味著生活中的沮喪和不愉快是可以避免的。
30. 正確答案為B)。根據(jù)第4段最后一句：Those who recognize problems as a human condition and don't measure happiness by an absence of problems are the most intelligent kind of human we know,also the most rare. (那些認(rèn)識到困難是人生必然存在的事物，不以有沒有困難來衡量愉快，是我們所知最聰明的一類人，也是很罕見的人。)
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary
31. 答案為A)。premise意為"前提"。句意為：以火星有生命這一前提開始，那位科學(xué)家繼續(xù)深入他的論證。其他三個選項的意思是：B)pretext借口；C)foundation基礎(chǔ)；D)presentation陳述。
32. 答案為D)。controversy意為"爭論"，句意為：幾起核災(zāi)難之后，關(guān)于核能安全的問題引起了激烈的爭論。其他三個選項的意思是：A)quarrel爭吵，吵架；B)suspicion猜疑，懷疑；C)verdict判決，結(jié)論。
33. 答案為B)。ambition意為"野心"，句意為：他們的外交原則徹底將他們要征服世界的野心暴露無疑。其他三個名詞的意思是：A)admiration贊美；C)administration行政，管理；D)orientation方向，方位。
34. 答案為C)。assurance意為"保證，擔(dān)保"，句意為：主任向我保證，如果我把工作做好，他會給我雙倍的工資。其他三個名詞的意思是：A)warrant作名詞意為"證明，憑證"，作動詞有"保證，擔(dān)保"的意思。此處應(yīng)為名詞，意思不適合本句。B)obligation義務(wù)，D)certainty肯定。
35. 答案為A)。 ornaments意為"裝飾物"，句意為：圣誕樹用彩燈和玻璃球之類的裝飾物修飾了起來。B)luxuries奢侈品；C)exhibits展覽品；D)complements補充物。
36. 答案為C)。ingredients意為"(混合物中之)成分"，句意為：做蛋糕的最主要的成分是面粉和糖。其他三個名詞的意思是：A)elements元素，要素；B)components(構(gòu)成整體的)部件，D constituents要素。
37. 答案為C)。這是四個都含有前綴trans的名詞的辨析。A)translation翻譯；B)transition轉(zhuǎn)換；C)transmission傳播；D)transaction交易。C)符合題意要求，句意為：文化傳播表明人類把他們的語言從上一代傳給下一代。
38. 答案為B)。illusion意為"幻想"，句意為：我們必須摒棄幻想和假設(shè)來看問題，設(shè)法搞清丟失了什么。其他三個名詞的意思是：A)justification理由，辯護(hù)；C)manifestation展示，證明；D)specifieation評述，規(guī)范。
39. 答案為B)。選項中三個形容詞都有同一根詞respect，特別注意它們意義的差別。A)respective分別的，各自的；B)respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的C) respectful尊重人的，有禮貌的；D)realistic現(xiàn)實(主義)的。選項B)符合題意，是正確答案。句意為：沒有人會想象到，那個外表可敬的商人實際上是個罪犯。
40. 答案為D)。選項中四個形容詞，有三個是由動詞的過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來。其意義分別是：A)de
teriorated退化的，惡化的；B)degenerated墮落的C)suppressed壓抑的；D)extinct滅絕的。D)extinct符合題意要求，是正確答案。句意為：如果不采取措施保護(hù)環(huán)境，數(shù)以百萬計現(xiàn)在活著的物種就會滅絕。
41. 答案為A)。essence意為"本質(zhì)，精髓"，句意為：科學(xué)態(tài)度的本質(zhì)是人類的意識能成功地
理解宇宙。其他三個名詞的意義是：B)content內(nèi)容；C)texture結(jié)構(gòu)，D)threshold入口，門檻。
42. 答案為C)。chronic意為"慢性的"：句意為這位老太太患有慢性咳嗽，短期內(nèi)不能徹底治愈。其他三個形容詞的意思是：A)perpetual永久的，持久的；B)permant'長期的，長久的；D)sustained持續(xù)不變的。
43. 答案為B)。authentic意為"真實的，可靠的"，句意為：通訊員發(fā)給我們的是一件真實的新聞報道，我們可以相信它。其他三個形容詞的意思是：A)evident明顯的；C)ultimate最后的，最終的；D)immidiate緊急的，立即的。
44. 答案為A)。inspirational意為"有鼓舞力的，給予靈感的"，句意為：已經(jīng)聘她作教授兼顧問，我可以告訴你，她是一種鼓舞力量，促使她的學(xué)生成績大大優(yōu)于他們自己的期望。其它三個形容詞的意思是：B)educational教育的；C)excessive過分的；D)instantaneous即刻的，瞬間的。
45. 答案為D)。vulnerable意為"易受攻擊的，敏感的"，句意為，有些研究者感到某些人的神
經(jīng)系統(tǒng)對熱風(fēng)和干風(fēng)很敏感。他們就是我們所稱的天氣敏感者。其它三個形容詞的意思是：A)subjective主觀的；B)subordinate次要的，附屬的；C)liable有……傾向的。
46. 答案為B)。destructive意為"破壞性的"，句意為：颶風(fēng)是造成災(zāi)難的風(fēng)，其破壞性在于能造成物質(zhì)的損壞。其它三個形容詞的意思是：A)cumulative累積的；C)turbulent狂暴的，動亂的；D)prevalent流行的。
47. 答案為C)。obedient的意思是"順從的，規(guī)矩的"，句意為：在一些國家，要求學(xué)生在教室要保持安靜并循規(guī)蹈矩。另外三個形容詞的意義為：A)skeptical懷疑的；B)faithful忠誠的；D)subsidiary輔助的。
48. 答案為A)。gloomy的意思為"令人沮喪的"，句意為：盡管經(jīng)濟(jì)預(yù)測令人沮喪，但制造業(yè)的產(chǎn)量卻稍有增加。其它三個形容詞的意思是：B)miserable悲慘的；C)shadowy有陰影的；D)obscure模糊的，暗的。
49. 答案為B)。本題要求辨析四個動詞短語。A)set aside不顧，置于一旁；B)ward off避開；C) shrug off不理，一笑置之；D)give away贈予，發(fā)出。選項B)符合句意要求，是正確答案。句意為：文身或文面多為尚無文字社會的人用來追求身體健康或避免疾病。
50. 答案為C)。increasingly意為"越來越…，日益"，句意為：在過去幾年里，國際形勢變得越來越困難。其它三個副詞的意思是：A)invariably不變的，總是；B)presumably推測地，大概；D) dominantly起支配作用地。
51. 答案為C)。deprived意為"剝奪"，常與of搭配，句意為：囚犯被剝奪三年的公民自由權(quán)。A)discharged意為"指控"，常與with搭配，discharge…with意思是"指控某人犯……罪"，B)derive意為"來自，起源"常與from搭配；D)dispatch意為"派遣"。
52. 答案為D)。hamper意為"阻礙，束縛"，句意為：小農(nóng)場以及缺乏現(xiàn)代技術(shù)束縛了農(nóng)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)。其它三個動詞的意義是：A) blundered盲動，脫口而出；B)tangled糾纏；C)bewildered迷惑。
53. 答案為A)。四個動詞的意思分別是：A)enhance增強(qiáng)，提高；B)amplify放大，增強(qiáng)；C)foster
鼓勵；D)magnify放大，擴(kuò)大。根據(jù)原題，A)enhance符合題意是答案。句意為：日本科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，香味能提高辦公室人員的效率，并能減輕緊張情緒。
54. 答案為D)。這是四個形似但意義各不相同的動詞。A)confirm證實，確認(rèn)；B)confront面對，遭遇；C)confine限制，禁閉；D)conform遵守，服從，常與介詞to搭配。D)conform不但在意義上，結(jié)構(gòu)也符合原題，是正確答案。句意為：所有學(xué)生都得遵守學(xué)校的規(guī)章制度。
55. 答案為D)。scratch意為"抓，撓"，句意為：他撓一撓頭，考慮如何解決這個問題。其它三個動詞的意思分別是：A)scrapped廢棄；B)screwed擰；C)scraped刮，擦。
56. 答案為A)。defied意為"藐視，公然對抗"，句意為：男孩子剛能夠自己謀生，就公然對抗父母的嚴(yán)厲規(guī)矩。另外三個動詞的意義是：B)refuted反駁，駁斥；C)excluded排斥，D)vetoed否決。
57. 答案為D)。本題是動詞短語辨析。四個動詞短語的意義分別是：A)coincided with與......巧合；B)stumbled on偶爾遇到；C)tumbled to恍然大悟；D)collided with與…碰撞。選項D)符合題意，是正確答案。句意為：那架直升飛機(jī)與一架輕型飛機(jī)相撞，兩個飛行員都遇難了。
58. 答案為A)。選項中四個動詞的意義分別是：A)conserve保藏，保存；B)conceive想象，持有
；C) convert轉(zhuǎn)換；D)contrive發(fā)明，設(shè)計。根據(jù)原題意，A)conscrve是答案。句意為：保存就是留下來并保護(hù)起來，使我們自己享用的東西保持完好，讓別人也可分享。
59. 答案為D)。 dazzle意為"使人眩暈，眼花"，句意為：戴上墨鏡，不然太陽會使你眼花，看不見東西。其它三個動詞的意思是：A)discern辨認(rèn)，識別；B)distort扭曲，歪曲；C)distract分散，分心。
60. 答案為B)primitive意為"原始的"，句意為：在原始時代，人類旅行不是為了找樂趣，而是尋找更有利的氣候。其它三個形容詞的意思是，A)prime首要的；C)primary最初的；D)preliminary開端的，最初的。
PartⅣ Cloze
61. 正確答案為B)。第一家日托所建于1854年，在各地區(qū)建立當(dāng)然是在19世紀(jì)的后半期。
62. 正確答案為B)。most of后面要用人稱代詞。
63. 正確答案為A)。根據(jù)句意"第一次世界大戰(zhàn)對建立日托所的運動是個促進(jìn)"。
64. 正確答案為C)。根據(jù)句意"當(dāng)時勞動力短缺使得……"。
65. 正確答案為D)。說明托兒所建立的多而廣，"甚至"建在軍火工廠里。
66. 正確答案為D)。分析全句，這是一個讓步狀語從句，故應(yīng)用連詞although。
67. 正確答案為B)。修飾動詞rose的副詞，四個選項中只有sharply(急劇地)合適。
68. 正確答案為C)。本句的語氣上是轉(zhuǎn)折的，要選副詞however。
69. 正確答案為B)。"在幼兒園里"介詞應(yīng)該用in。
70. 正確答案為A)。根據(jù)句意"通過規(guī)范(formulate)和……來管理"。選A)。
71. 正確答案為B)。根據(jù)句意"第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)"應(yīng)是"The outbreak of the Second World War"。
72. 正確答案為A)。與第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的情況相呼應(yīng)，所以要填A(yù))"再次"。
73. 正確答案為B)。選項中的四個名詞，只有occasion可以與介詞on搭配，其意義也與句意相吻合.
74. 正確答案為C)。根據(jù)句意"這時,美國政府立即支持保育員學(xué)校,1942年7月?lián)芸?00萬美元……
75. 正確答案為C)。根據(jù)句意"許多州和地方社區(qū)對這筆聯(lián)邦政府資助進(jìn)行補充。
76. 正確答案為D)。動詞care要與介詞for搭配，表示"照料"的意思。
77. 正確答案為B)。根據(jù)句意"在接受聯(lián)邦津貼的日托中心里"。
78. 正確答案為D)。根據(jù)句意"大幅度地削減這筆費用"，只有副詞drastically是正確的。
79. 正確答案為A)。與前一句相呼應(yīng)，前面說"大幅度地削減"，后來，自然是"廢止(abolished)"。
80. 正確答案為C)。根據(jù)句意"期望戰(zhàn)后大多數(shù)所雇傭的有小孩的婦女離開她們的工作……"。
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