五、閱讀理解(共2題，合計(jì)20分)

　　QuesUons{下列各題}are based on the following paassage

　　Whether striding ahead with pride or slouching (沒精打采地站) gloomily, we all broadcast our emotions through body language.Now a computer has learned to interpret those unspoken cues as wellas you or I.

　　Antonio Camurri of the University of Genoa in Italy and colleagues have built a system which usesthe depth-sensing, motion-capture camera in Microsoft's Kinect (體感游戲機(jī)) to determine the emotionconveyed by a person's body movements.Using computers to capture emotions has been done before, buttypically focuses on facial analysis or voice recording.Reading someone's emotional state from theway they walk across a room or their posture as they sit at a desk means they don't have to speak orlook into a camera

　　"It's a nice achievement," says Frank Pollick, professor of psychology at the University of Glasgow,UK."Being able to use the Kinect for this is really useful."

　　The system uses the Kinect camera to build, a stick figure representation of a person that includesinformation on how his head, torso (軀干) , hands and shoulders are moving.Software looks for bodypositions and movements widely recognized in psychology as indicative of certain emotional states.For example, if a person's head is bowed and their shoulders are drooping (下垂) , thatmight indicate sadness or fear.Adding in the speed of movement--slow indicates sadness, while fastindicates fear--allows the software to determine how someone is feeling.In tests, the systemcorrectly identified emotions in the stick figures 61.3% of the time, compared with a 61.9%success rate for 60 human volunteers.

　　Camurri is using the system to build games that teach children with autism (自閉癥.to recognize andexpress emotions through full-body movements.Understanding how another person feels can bedifficult for people with autism, and recognizing fear is more difficult than happiness.

　　"In one of the serious games we developed, a child is invited to look at a short video of an actorexpressing an emotion," Camurri says."Then the child is invited to guess which emotion was expressed in the video." He adds that you can also ask the child to express the same emotion justby moving her body; joy, for example, can be characterized by energetic, fluid movements and atendency to raise your arms.

　　The team also plans to use the system to figure out how "in tune" a group of people is with their leader, looking for signals like how people's heads move when someone is speaking. Pollick says it could be useful as an automatic way to classify emotion--as part of a CCTV(閉路電視)system to infer intent, or to help shops understand customers.

　　57What is the advantage of the newly-developed system over previous research?

　　A.In tests it identified a person's emotion more correctly.B.It uses Microsoft's Kinect in a better way.

　　C.Itdoes not require a fixed position in front of a cameraD.It represents a person in a more detailedand vivid way.

　　58What body movements would the system probably interpret as sadness?

　　A.Bowed head and droopingshoulders.B.Energetic movements and a tendency to raise arms.

　　C.Bowed head and fastmovements.D.Drooping shoulders and slow movements.

　　59What benefit can the serious games probably bring to children with autism?

　　A.They can learn how tomove their bodies.B.They can grow into an actor or actress.

　　C.They can be better understood bypeople.D.They can separate happiness from joy.

　　60What does the plan of Camurri's team imply?

　　A.The way a person's head moves suggests his attitudetoward the speaker.

　　B.The system can improve the relationship between leaders and group members.

　　C.Aspeaker should look for the signals given by the audience.

　　D.Listeners should pay attention to thetune of the speaker.

　　61What does Pollick think about this system?

　　A.It enables shops to better monitor customers.B.It hasa wide range of potential applications.

　　C.It is more useful than previous research.D.It can divideemotion states into different types.

　　QuesUons{下列各題}are based on the following paassage

　　Being in charge has its benefits: More money, more control, more power.And apparently, more jobsatisfaction.

　　Recently the Pew Research Center released data from a survey that found bosses are happier thanworkers in their jobs.69% of the people in management positions from the survey said they weresatisfied with their current positions, compared with just 48% of rank-and-file (普通的) workers.The manager respondents were also more likely than non-managers to say they consider theirwork a career rather than merely a job (78% vs.44%) and were much less likely to be looking for ajob than those who don't manage others (12% vs.23%).

　　They're also more likely to be happy with their lives outside of work, to feel they're paid fairlyfor what they do, and to think having children hasn't been a hindrance to their advancement.

　　While those numbers may not be surprising given the age, greater income and longer careers of thosetypically in management, the report did find that both managers and non-managers value the exactsame things (and in the exact same order) when considering a job Enjoyable work comes first,followed by job security and then the ability to take time off to care for family.Similarly lownumbers of participants cited a big salary (just 20% of bosses and 18% of workers.and opportunitiesfor advancement (25% vs.24%) as being important, despite presumably different access to each.Also surprising, says Rich Morin, senior editor of Pew's Social & Demographic Trends project, washow similar numbers of bosses and employees considered problems such as gender discrimination to bea social issue.62% of managers and 66% of workers agree that the country needs to make changes tosolve gender inequality (不平等)issues in the workplace."It wasn't a case of big bad bosses andexploited workers," Morin says."That was an optimistic finding.On these important issues, t.heythink alike."

　　Perhaps most notable, meanwhile, is that despite the greater satisfaction and lower stress associated with being in charge, fewer people want to become managers than not.Just 39% of people responding to Pew's study said they would like such a position; 43% said they wouldn't.(Theremaining 18% included those who were already managers and a few who didn't answer).

　　"Some people simply don't want the headaches that come with being a boss, and some simply don't wantthe long hours," Morin says, acknowledging the contradiction between that statement and Pew's findings.For many, it seems, the satisfaction that comes from greater control and more money simplydoesn't outweigh the potential perils (危險(xiǎn))of being the one in charge.

　　62 What are ordinary workers more likely to do, according to Pew's survey?

　　A.To view their work as acareer.B.To be satisfied with other aspects of life.

　　C.To think the pay is less than it shouldbe.D.To consider children a motive to their advancement.

　　63What does the author think about the finding that managers have more job satisfaction?

　　A.It issurprising given the headaches that come with being a boss.

　　B.It is reasonable since managers areeasier to be satisfied

　　C.It is surprising given the long working hours.

　　D.It is reasonable sincemanagers tend to be older.

　　64Which of the following things are valued from most to lest when workers consider a job?

　　A.Enjoyablework, income, promotion opportunity.B.Job security, enjoyable work, promotionopportunity.

　　C.Enjoyable work, promotion opportunity, job security.D.Job security, more time tocare for family, income.

　　65What can we learn about Pew's finding on gender inequality in the workplaee?

　　A.The country has madelittle effort to solve this problem.

　　B.Bosses and workers had been expected to differ in theirattitudes toward this issue.

　　C.Bosses and workers had been expected to think alike on someunimportant issues.

　　D.Bad bosses tend to exploit male workers rather than female workers.

　　66What can we learn from the last paragraph?

　　A.The stress associated with being in charge is overestimated

　　B.Workers are more likely to feel confused about their work.

　　C.More control and moneycan lead to trouble.D.Managers tend to be in dangerous situations.

　　六、翻譯(共1題，合計(jì)15分)

　　67驚蟄(the Waking of Insects) 是中國二十四節(jié)氣中的第三個節(jié)氣，一般在每年3月5日或6日。這時氣溫回升較快，漸漸開始出現(xiàn)春雷，各種冬眠(hibernation)的昆蟲也開始活動。 “驚蟄”一詞本身就是驚醒蟄伏于地下冬眠的昆蟲的意思。中國勞動人民自古就很重視驚蟄節(jié)氣，農(nóng)民們常常把它視為春耕開始的日子，開始安排各種農(nóng)事，正如農(nóng)諺所說： “過了驚蟄節(jié)，春耕不能歇”。驚蟄過后萬物復(fù)蘇，但各種病毒和細(xì)菌也開始活躍，因此也應(yīng)該做好流行性疾病的預(yù)防工作。

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