例2． …"people cheat on their sleep, and they don't even realize they're doing it,"says Dr. David."They think they're okay because they can get by on 6.5 howler, when they really need 7.5 , eight or even more to feel ideally rigorous."(見《分冊》P12頁例3)
Q: According to Dr. David, Americans ________ .
(A) are ideally vigorous even under the pressure of life.
(B) Often neglect the consequences of sleep deficit.
(C) Do not know how to relax themselves properly.
(D) Can get by on 6.5 hoarse of sleep.

　　(分析：選B項。屬于歸納事實細(xì)節(jié)題。Dr. David所說的話，描述的是一種事實現(xiàn)象，即美國人睡眠不足而誤認(rèn)為這不是什么大的事，還自我感覺良好。從事實中我們可以看出美國人經(jīng)常忽視睡眠不足的后果，即B項的內(nèi)容。)

例3. By the millions they are coming-no longer the tired, the poor, the wretched masses longing for a better living. These are the wealthy. "We don't have a budget,"says a biologist from Brazil. As she walks with two companions through New York lity's South Street, "We juse use our credit cards."
Q：From what the Brazilian biologist says, we know that tourist
like her ________ .

(A) are reluctant to carry cash with them.
(B) Simply don't care how much they spend.
(C) Are not good at planning their expenditure.
(D) Often spend more money that they can afford.

　　(分析：選B項。屬判斷推理題。文章講成千上萬涌進(jìn)美國的富有者與那個巴西生物學(xué)家一樣，他們在購物時只管刷卡（"just use our credit cards."）而根本不做預(yù)算（"don't have a hudget"）,可推斷出他們這類人是"根本不管花多少錢的。"即B項內(nèi)容。）

4、轉(zhuǎn)折處與強對比處�？�

　　一般而言，轉(zhuǎn)折后的內(nèi)容常常是語義的重點，命題者常對轉(zhuǎn)折處的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行提問。轉(zhuǎn)折一般通過however, but, yet, in fact等詞或短語來引導(dǎo)。強對比常由unlike, until, not so much…as等詞或短語引導(dǎo)。命題者常對用來對比的雙方屬性進(jìn)行考查。

　　此類考點常出現(xiàn)在邏輯推理型題中，少數(shù)出現(xiàn)于其它題型中。

例1. Some observers say the fault is with the young people…. But that's a condemnation of the students as a whole…. Others blame the state of the world… But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.(見《分冊》P148頁例4).

Q：According to the passage the problems of college education partly arise from the fact that _______ .

(A) society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained college graduates.
(B) High school graduates do not fit the pattern of college education.
(C) Too many students have to earn their own living.
(D) College administrators encourage students to drop out.

　　(分析：選A項�？忌�閱讀文章時，應(yīng)注意到文中有兩個"but"的轉(zhuǎn)折，特別是段末一轉(zhuǎn)折句意即：但失望的畢業(yè)生了解到社會再也不能吸收大量的23歲的訓(xùn)練有素的大學(xué)生。這一轉(zhuǎn)折后的內(nèi)容正好是解答題干問題的依據(jù)，我們從這句話可以推斷出大學(xué)考試之所以出了問題部分源于一個事實，即A項：社會不能為訓(xùn)練有素的大學(xué)生提供足夠工作。此屬邏輯推理題。)

例2 … Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commits suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding….(見《分冊》P161頁例2)
Q： It can be conduced from the passage that ________ .

　　(分析：這道題屬邏輯推理題，命題者利用unlike進(jìn)行強烈對比，要求考生推斷出正確結(jié)論。具體分析見《分冊》P165頁例2答案。)

例3 Beauty has always been regard as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attentive defendants(被告)。But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.

Q：The author writes this passage to _______ .

(A) discuss the negative aspects of being attractive.
(B) Give advice to job-seekers who are attractive.
(C) Demand equal rights for women.
(D) Emphasize the importance of appearance.

　　(分析：選A項。屬主旨大意類題型。前面都是講美給人帶來的種種好處，用but突然進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)折，考生即可推測出下面要講美給人帶來的不利方面了。)

例4. The sensation of sound involves a verity of factors in addition to its peak level. …In regular programming the intensity of sound varies over a large rage. However, sound levels in commercials tend to stay at or near peak level.（見《分冊》P14例8）

Q: Commercials create the sensate at the highest sound level.

(A)TV stations always operate at the highest sound level.
(B)Their sound levels are kept around peak level.
(C)Their sound levels are kept in the middle frequency rarges.
(D)Unlike regular programs their intensity of sound varies over a wide range.

　　(分析：選B項，該題屬闡述說明主旨大意的事實細(xì)節(jié)題。用however作轉(zhuǎn)折，指出商業(yè)節(jié)目的音量是保持或接近峰值（peak levels）。命題者給出的B答案中，只是對however后原句進(jìn)行了詞語和句型的轉(zhuǎn)換，詳析見《分冊》P16頁例8答案。)

5、復(fù)雜句常考

　　復(fù)雜句常是命題者出題之處，包括同位語、插入語、定語、長句后半句，從句、不定式、副詞等，命題者主要考查考生對句子之間指代關(guān)系。文章段落之間關(guān)系的理解，常以邏輯推理題型出現(xiàn)，包括少量其它題型。

例1. As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informals flow of in formation is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable…(見《分冊》P104頁例1).

Q：The word "it" most probably refers to ________ .

(A) the lack of stable communities.
(B) The breakdown of informal imformation channels.
(C) The increased mobility of families
(D) The growing number of people moving from place to place.

　　(分析：選B項，本題屬句際關(guān)系推理題型，要善于分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，As 引導(dǎo)的前半部分是狀語從句，主句是"the informal flow of information is cut off"， with引導(dǎo)的短語表伴隨。詳析見《分冊》P110頁例1答案。)

例2. The manufacturer who increases the unit price of his product by his package size to lower the quantity delivered can, without undue hardship, put his product into boxes, bags, and tins that will contain even 4-iybcem, 8-ounce, one-pound, two-pound quantities of breakfast foods, cake, mixes, etc.

Q：The word"undue" means " ______ "。

（A）improper (B)unexpected (C)adequate (D)excessive

　　(分析：選D項，這屬詞匯題型，但需要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和上下文邏輯。該句看似復(fù)雜，但結(jié)構(gòu)容易分析，主語"the manufacturer",謂語"can put",賓語his product, who引導(dǎo)定語從句，that此引導(dǎo)定語從句，without undue hardship介詞組作插入部分。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析好，全句意思就易弄懂，制造商改變包裝大小或樣式不需要過多的艱辛努力，故選D。)

例3 … All this will lead to a population in the twenty first century that is smaller than was feared a few years ago. For those anxious to see world population brang by under ventral the news is encouraging.

Q:The population in the 21st century,arousing to the writer,_____.

(A) will be smaller than a few gears ago.
(B) will not be as small as people expect.
(C) will prove to be a threat to the world.
(D) will not constitute as serious a problem as expected.

　�。ǚ治觯哼xD項。屬邏輯推理型題。考生關(guān)鍵要理解that 引導(dǎo)的定語從句意思，然后聯(lián)系下句，便知D項是正確選項。）

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