4就近原則:n1 or n2 +v(就近原則)
either n1 or n2
5可數(shù)n1 and 可數(shù)n2+v(pl)
不可數(shù)n1 and 不可數(shù)n2+v(pl)
例外:war and peace is… war and peace是一個(gè)整體
但是如果主語表示的是同一個(gè)概念,同一人,同一事的時(shí)候,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),這種結(jié)構(gòu)的特征是and連接的兩個(gè)詞只有一個(gè)冠詞。
The iron and steel industry is very important to our country.
The head master and mathematical teacher is coming.
The head master and the mathematical teacher are coming.
類似的還有:law and order bread and
butter black and white
To love and to be loved is …
A lawyer and a teacher are…
A lawyer and teacher is …
6隨后原則:not A but B / not only A but also B+v.(與B一致)
7百分比結(jié)構(gòu):most , half , rest , some , majority , one+persent
of+n1+v.(由n1決定)
8倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)的主謂一致:
a)There be +n 由名詞決定動(dòng)詞
b)Among , between等介詞位于句首引起倒裝結(jié)構(gòu):
Among / Between …+系動(dòng)詞+n. (由名詞決定動(dòng)詞)
9The+adj的主謂一致:
a)當(dāng)表示“一類人”,
b)當(dāng)表示某一抽象概念時(shí)
The good is always attractive.
10 To do/doing/主從+vs
*More than one+n
many a +n.
a day or two
二)、倒裝
1 全部倒裝
是只將句子中的謂語動(dòng)詞全部置于主語之前。此結(jié)構(gòu)通常只用與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)。常見的結(jié)構(gòu)有:Up went the plane = the plane went up.
1) here, there, now, then, thus等副詞置于句首, 謂語動(dòng)詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。
2) 表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞(back, down, off, up)或地點(diǎn)狀語置于句首,謂語表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。
注意:1) 上述全部倒裝的句型結(jié)構(gòu)的主語必須是名詞,如果主語是人稱代詞則不能倒裝。Here he comes. Away they went. 2) 謂語動(dòng)詞是be的時(shí)候,不能倒裝。 Here it is. Here you are.
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