【名師指導(dǎo)】大學(xué)英語四級作文之句子寫作

　　4． 否定結(jié)構(gòu)的倒裝語序

　　我們有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)而把否定詞和詞組放在句首，這時(shí)句子結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)倒裝。例如：

　　1） On no account should we follow blindly.我們決不應(yīng)當(dāng)盲從。

　　2） No where has the world ever seen such great enthusiasm for learning as in our country.沒有任何其他地方有我國這樣高的學(xué)習(xí)熱情。

　　五、 含有it的結(jié)構(gòu)

　　考生病句：

　　1. As is known to all of us that science and technology play an important role in the

　　 development of society.

　　2. It is known to us, practice makes perfect.

　　正確表達(dá)：

　　1. It is known to all of us that science and technology play an important role in the

　　 development of society. (或:As is known to all of us, science...)

　　2. It is known to us that practice makes perfect. (或:As is known to us, practice...)

　　評議與分析：

　　例句1是93年12月六級考試11分作文的評分樣卷句子，例句2選自97年1月四級考試作文。很顯然，兩個(gè)考生混淆了it和as的用法。如果用it作形式主語，后面的主語從句必須由that引起；如果用as，則后面不能用that，因?yàn)閍s是關(guān)系代詞，代表practice makes perfect。

　　It 在英語中是個(gè)相當(dāng)活躍的代詞，在寫作中我們常要使用它。以下幾種用法應(yīng)熟練掌握，并能靈活運(yùn)用。

　　1．作形式主語

　　It is necessary for us to master a foreign language skillfully. It makes difference whether

　　 we could purify the air or not.

　　2.作形式賓語

　　We find it rather difficult to prevent people from doing that. Modern science has made it

　　 possible for babies to grow healthily and for people to live longer.

　　3.引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句

　　It is only by this way that we can achieve success. It was then that people began to realize

　　 the importance of controlling population.

　　從語法結(jié)構(gòu)來看，上述的句子都不難，或者可以說是考生相當(dāng)熟悉的。然而在寫作考試中，多數(shù)考生缺乏運(yùn)用自己已掌握的句式的意識，而以自己頭腦中拼湊的中式英語取而代之。其實(shí)，只要能恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用上述的任何一個(gè)句式，考生的作文就會出現(xiàn)閃光點(diǎn)，就會取得比較好的成績。