四六級(jí)考前閱讀突破第五講：作者的觀點(diǎn)

首先我們學(xué)習(xí)如何區(qū)分事實(shí)和觀點(diǎn)：
事實(shí)是指那些實(shí)際存在的，或者人們普遍承認(rèn)的東西；
觀點(diǎn)則是指特定人或人群對(duì)某件事的看法和意見，常常有修飾詞，如：best,
bring, great等。下面我們來區(qū)分一下下列句子中哪些是事實(shí)，哪些是觀點(diǎn)：
1. Portsmouth is the best place for a navy base.
2. Water boils at 100℃.
3. The school cafeteria has great food.
4. Ottawa is the capital of Canada.
5. Alfred Nobel was born in Stockholm on October 21, 1833.
6. The first public protests against the low status of women were made in the 1830's.
7. Television commercials are boring.

答案是：1，3，7為觀點(diǎn)
        2，4，5，6為事實(shí)
在閱讀理解中，有關(guān)觀點(diǎn)的問題可能有：
1. What is the author's opinion of ______?
2. The author is of the opinion that _____?
3. The author of this passage seems to believe that _____?
4. What does the author believe about _____?
5. How does the author think of _____?
6. The author believes that _____?

在解決此類問題時(shí)，我們可以注意以下幾個(gè)方法：
1． 首先通讀全文，理解主題思想，推斷出作者的觀點(diǎn)。
2． 注意作者意圖的隱含表達(dá)，如委婉表達(dá)和反義表達(dá)。
3． 要區(qū)分出哪些是作者引用的他人的觀點(diǎn)，哪些是作者自己的觀點(diǎn)。
4． 特別注意作者在yet, however, but等詞后面表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。

下面看一個(gè)練習(xí)：
VA
Some people believe that international sport creates good-will between the nations and that if countries play games together they will learn to live together. Others say that the opposite is true: that international
contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred. There is probably some true in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the vies that sports
encourages international brotherhood. Not only was there the tragic incident involving the murder of athletes, but the Games were also ruined by lesser incidents caused principally by minor national contests.

According to the author, the international sports _______.
A. creates goodwill between the nations
B. bred only false pride
C. barely showed any international friendship
D. led to more and more misunderstanding and hatred

解決這題時(shí)，我們可以綜合運(yùn)用上面提到的方法，第一句和第二句都是觀點(diǎn)，但都是作者引用他人的觀點(diǎn)，第三句話中出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)but, 后面的內(nèi)容常常是作者要表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)，在這兒也正是作者的觀點(diǎn)。最后一句作進(jìn)一步說明。所以答案是C.
第二個(gè)練習(xí)：
VB
This is not just a sad-but-true story; the boy's experience is horrible
and damaging, yet a sense of love shines through every word.
How does the author of this sentence feel about the story?
A. It transmits a sense of love.
B. It is just sad.
C. It is not true.
D. It is horrible and damaging.

這只有一句話的短文看上去很難判斷，但是仔細(xì)分析，也能找出蛛絲馬跡。Sad-but-
true, 作者顯然是想強(qiáng)調(diào)true, yet后面a sense of love正是作者的觀點(diǎn)。所以答案
是A.
最后一篇供大家練習(xí)，答案是C.
VC
Because everyone can be comfortable in them, the blue-jeans invented for the use of workers are now accepted almost anywhere, anytime. This is true not only in the United States, but in many other countries in the world.
I strongly agree with the following statement:" Old or new, glorified or plain, jeans are likely to be around for a long time to come. Already they have succeeded where statesmanship has failed. Although unable to speak
the same language, the inhabitants of this embattled planet have at least agreed to wear the same pants."
The author is of the opinion that ______.
A. jeans are likely to be a short-lived fashion
B. jeans are popular only in the United states
C. jeans are likely to be popular for a long time to come
D. jeans are no longer fashionable