英語四級閱讀技巧--推理判斷題

例題
  I recently visited a great little college in New York where the campus has doubled its minority population in the last six years.I talked with an African American who has been a professor there for a long time,and she remembers that when she first joined the community,there were fewer than a handful of minorities on campus.Now ,all of us feel the university is better because of the diversity.

Q:It can be inferred form the Passage that____.
  [A]meritocracy can never be realized without diversity
  [B]American political circles will not accept diversity
  [C]it is unlikely that diversity will occur in the U.S media
  [D]minorities can only enter the fields where no debate is heard about diversity

正確答案是 [A]
    文中通過一位美國黑人教授之口，傳達(dá)出多樣性的好處的信息，因此可以推斷出是多樣化使不拘一格使用人才成為可能，與A)項(xiàng)意義吻合。若單從選項(xiàng)本身判斷， B)和C)句意過于絕對，因此排除，這樣使判斷范圍縮小，有利于選擇答案。

     3、合乎常理，意義深刻，或符合一般常識的選項(xiàng)一般是答案項(xiàng)，而照抄原文或?qū)ξ闹凶髯置娼忉尩膭t不是答案。

CET4 1998年1月第2篇
  For all these reasons, no two people really read the same paper：what each person does is to put together, out of the pages of that day's paper, his own' s“…白癡廣告…”tion and sequence, his own newspaper. For all these reasons, reading newspaper efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time, demands skill and self-awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading.

Q:It can be concluded from the passage that the newspaper readers____.
  [A]apply reading techniques skillfully
  [B]jump from one newspaper to another
  [C]appreciate the variety of newspaper
  [D]usually read a newspaper's“…白癡廣告…”tively

正確答案是 [D]
    比較四個選項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)[A)項(xiàng)似乎照抄原文，意思膚淺，而[D]項(xiàng)則符合人們看報時的普遍經(jīng)驗(yàn)。因此將選項(xiàng)與常識聯(lián)系后，很快就會找到正確答案。

     4、弄清主題意思。在處理與全文主旨有關(guān)的題時，或處理與文章首尾有關(guān)的推論題時，一定要放慢速度將各段，尤其是全文首尾句意讀懂，再快速閱讀其他部分。

    5、 邏輯推理題干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)：(1)在文章事實(shí)或上下文(句)邏輯基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行推理而得出觀點(diǎn)(2)雖然可以以文章提供的事實(shí)或內(nèi)在邏輯為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行推理，但推理過頭，概括過度。