大學(xué)英語四級閱讀理解命題規(guī)律應(yīng)試技巧(2)

　　4、轉(zhuǎn)折處與強對比處常考

　　一般而言，轉(zhuǎn)折后的內(nèi)容常常是語義的重點，命題者常對轉(zhuǎn)折處的內(nèi)容進行提問。轉(zhuǎn)折一般通過however,

　　but, yet, in fact等詞或短語來引導(dǎo)。強對比常由unlike, until, not

　　so much…as等詞或短語引導(dǎo)。命題者常對用來對比的雙方屬性進行考查。

　　此類考點常出現(xiàn)在邏輯推理型題中，少數(shù)出現(xiàn)于其它題型中。

　　例1. Some observers say the fault is with the

　　young people…. But that s a condemnation of the

　　students as a whole…. Others blame the state of

　　the world…But disappointed graduates are learning

　　that it can no longer absorb an army of trained

　　twenty-two-year-olds, either.(見《分冊》P148頁例4).

　　Q：According to the passage the problems of

　　college education partly arise from the fact that

　　_______ .

　　(A) society cannot provide enough jobs for

　　properly trained college graduates.

　　(B) High school graduates do not fit the

　　pattern of college education.

　　(C) Too many students have to earn their own

　　living.

　　(D) College administrators encourage students

　　to drop out.

　　(分析：選A項�？忌�閱讀文章時，應(yīng)注意到文中有兩個"but"的轉(zhuǎn)折，特別是段末一轉(zhuǎn)折句意即：但失望的畢業(yè)生了解到社會再也不能吸收大量的23歲的訓(xùn)練有素的大學(xué)生。這一轉(zhuǎn)折后的內(nèi)容正好是解答題干問題的依據(jù)，我們從這句話可以推斷出大學(xué)考試之所以出了問題部分源于一個事實，即A項：社會不能為訓(xùn)練有素的大學(xué)生提供足夠工作。此屬邏輯推理題。)

　　例2…Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave

　　the country, commits suicide, or go to jail,

　　computer criminals sometimes escape punishment,

　　demanding….(見《分冊》P161頁例2)

　　Q：It can be conduced from the passage that

　　________

　　.(分析：這道題屬邏輯推理題，命題者利用unlike進行強烈對比，要求考生推斷出正確結(jié)論。具體分析見《分冊》P165頁例2答案。)

　　例3 Beauty has always been regard as something

　　praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive

　　more respectable occupations. Personal consultants

　　give them better advice for finding jobs. Even

　　judges are softer on attentive defendants(被告)。But

　　in the executive circle, beauty can become a

　　liability.

　　Q：The author writes this passage to _______ .

　　(A) discuss the negative aspects of being

　　attractive.

　　(B) Give advice to job-seekers who are

　　attractive.

　　(C) Demand equal rights for women.

　　(D) Emphasize the importance of appearance.

　　(分析：選A項。屬主旨大意類題型。前面都是講美給人帶來的種種好處，用but突然進行轉(zhuǎn)折，考生即可推測出下面要講美給人帶來的不利方面了。)

　　例4. The sensation of sound involves a verity of

　　factors in addition to its peak level.…In regular

　　programming the intensity of sound varies over a

　　large rage. However, sound levels in commercials

　　tend to stay at or near peak level.

　　Q: Commercials create the sensate at the

　　highest sound level.

　　(A)TV stations always operate at the highest

　　sound level.

　　(B)Their sound levels are kept around peak

　　level.

　　(C)Their sound levels are kept in the middle

　　frequency rarges.

　　(D)Unlike regular programs their intensity of

　　sound varies over a wide range.

　　(分析：選B項，該題屬闡述說明主旨大意的事實細節(jié)題。用however作轉(zhuǎn)折，指出商業(yè)節(jié)目的音量是保持或接近峰值(peak

　　levels)。命題者給出的B答案中，只是對however后原句進行了詞語和句型的轉(zhuǎn)換，詳析見《分冊》P16頁例8答案。)

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