新東方：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試閱讀講義(九)

　　第三部分 簡(jiǎn)答題評(píng)述

　　根據(jù)“通知”要求，簡(jiǎn)答安排在“閱讀理解”部分之后。如1997年1月的大學(xué)英語(yǔ)考試中“簡(jiǎn)答題”與“寫作”被安排在試卷二部分。

　　一、簡(jiǎn)答題評(píng)分原則及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

　　1.評(píng)分原則 ��

　　簡(jiǎn)答題要求考生在讀懂文章的基礎(chǔ)上，用正確簡(jiǎn)潔的語(yǔ)言回答問題。在評(píng)分時(shí)應(yīng)同時(shí)考慮內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言。每題滿分為2分，最低為0分。��

　　2.給分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ��

　　2分——答出全部?jī)?nèi)容，語(yǔ)言正確;��

　　1分——答出部分內(nèi)容，語(yǔ)言正確;��

　　0分——沒有答對(duì)問題。��

　　3.扣分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ��

　　(1) 語(yǔ)言有錯(cuò)誤扣0.5分(不包括引起歧義的，可以辨識(shí)的拼寫錯(cuò)誤)，每題由于語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤扣分不能超過0.5分;��

　　(2) 涉及無(wú)關(guān)內(nèi)容者扣0.5分;其答案中有相互矛盾的內(nèi)容，則內(nèi)容矛盾的部分均不得分;(3) 整句原封不動(dòng)照搬應(yīng)扣分;照搬一句扣0.5分;照搬兩句及兩句以上者扣2分;��

　　(4) 考生所給答案超過10個(gè)單詞扣0.5分。

　　二、答題中常見的語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤

　　因簡(jiǎn)答題測(cè)試的是學(xué)生閱讀理解和語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力，從評(píng)分原則及評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，學(xué)生的錯(cuò)誤存在于語(yǔ)言和內(nèi)容兩方面。在語(yǔ)言方面，錯(cuò)誤之處主要表現(xiàn)為：��

　　(1) 主謂不一致;��

　　(2) 時(shí)態(tài)不對(duì)應(yīng);��

　　(3) 連詞或起連接作用的副詞或短語(yǔ)使用不當(dāng);��

　　(4) 介詞使用不當(dāng);��

　　(5) 代詞、冠詞及其它的限定詞使用不當(dāng);��

　　(6) 動(dòng)名詞、分詞及動(dòng)詞不定式使用不當(dāng);��

　　(7) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣使用不正確;��

　　(8) 否定形式使用不正確;��

　　(9) 搭配不當(dāng);��(10) 強(qiáng)調(diào)、倒裝、省略等句型使用不當(dāng);��

　　(11) 邏輯關(guān)系混亂。��

　　三、簡(jiǎn)答題樣題評(píng)析 ��

　　Short Answer Questions ��

　　(15 minutes)��

　　Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

　　Joe Templer should have known better: after all, he works for a large auto-insurance company. It won't hurt to leave the key in the truck this once, he thought, as he filled his gas tank at a self-service gas station. But moments later, as he was paying the money, he saw the truck being driven away.��

　　In 1987, 1.6 million motor vehicles were stolen in the United States — one every 20 seconds. If current trends continue, experts predict annual vehicle thefts could exceed two million by the end of the decade.��

　　Vehicle theft is a common phenomenon, which has a direct impact on over four million victims a year. The cost is astonishing.��

　　Many police officials blame professional thieves for the high volume of thefts. It is a major money-maker for organized crime. Typically, stolen cars are taken to pieces and the parts sold to individuals. But as many as 200,00 cars are smuggled out of the country every year. Most go to Latin America, the Middle East and Europe.��