2001年北京成人本科學(xué)位英語(yǔ)試題B卷及答案精析

2001年北京地區(qū)成人本科學(xué)士學(xué)位英語(yǔ)統(tǒng)一考試試題B卷

Part I  Reading Comprehension   
Passage 1  
In order to learn a foreign language well, it is necessary to overcome the fear of making mistakes. If the primary goal of language use is communication ,then mistakes are secondary considerations that may be dealt with gradually as awareness of those mistakes increases.

1. According to the passage, the present tense in English is _____.
　A. not used to express a desire to do something in the immediate future
　B. used with some verbs but not with others to express future intention
　C. basically the same in English as it is in Spanish
　D. not the most difficult problem for foreign students
答案：A 細(xì)節(jié)題。文章中提到：“西班牙人講英語(yǔ)的時(shí)候用“I do it”表示在不久的將來(lái)做某事的愿望，而以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的英國(guó)人則用“I’ll do it”來(lái)表示”。所以通過(guò)和native speaker的交流，就可以體會(huì)到英語(yǔ)中的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)不用來(lái)表示“將來(lái)做某事的愿望”。因此只有A正確。

2. According to the passage, language learners can reduce the number of their mistakes by __.
　A. asking native speakers for explanations　
　B. reading good books in the foreign language
　C. comparing their speech with that of native speakers
    D. speaking without regard to native speakers
答案：C細(xì)節(jié)題。文章中提到：西班牙人通過(guò)和英國(guó)人的交流發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的錯(cuò)誤，因此可以得出結(jié)論，我們可以通過(guò)和native speaker的交流來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己語(yǔ)言中的錯(cuò)誤。A，B，D都是錯(cuò)的。

3. According to the passage, foreign language students who do not communicate with native speakers will NOT _____.
　A. learn very much about the foreign society
　B. learn about the history of the foreign language
　C. have to worry about making mistakes　　
D. take advantage of available language 
答：D 細(xì)節(jié)題。首先，文章中并沒(méi)有提到:“學(xué)生如果不和native speaker交流的話，就沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)了解國(guó)外的社會(huì)、語(yǔ)言的歷史，以及用不著擔(dān)心出錯(cuò)這樣的內(nèi)容，因此A，B，C都是錯(cuò)誤的。只有D是正確的。即：“學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)的學(xué)生如果不和native speaker進(jìn)行交流的話，就不能充分利用現(xiàn)成的語(yǔ)言�！�

4. According to the passage, foreign language students should not worry too much about making mistakes because _____.
　A. native speakers like foreign students who try to learn their language
　B. communication is the primary goal of language learning
　C. native speakers will ignore their mistakes
　D. everyone makes mistakes when trying to communicate in a strange language 
答案：B 細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第二句：“If the primary goal of language use is communication, then mistakes are secondary considerations that may be dealt with gradually as awareness of those mistakes increases.因此如果交流是學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的主要目的的話，那么學(xué)生就用不著過(guò)分擔(dān)心犯錯(cuò)誤。所以只有B是正確的。

5. The author's major conclusion about the function of mistakes in foreign language learning is that _____.
　A. mistakes are not important in the process of learning a language
　B. learners are often very afraid of making mistakes
　C. making mistakes can help the learner discover the rules of the language
　D. native speakers often do not tell foreign language learners about their mistakes
答案：C邏輯推理題。文章的最后一句話的意思是“一個(gè)不愿意用語(yǔ)言交流的學(xué)生會(huì)失去在錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。前面又列舉了像西班牙人在和native speaker的交流中才發(fā)現(xiàn)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的使用不當(dāng)。因此犯錯(cuò)誤能幫助學(xué)習(xí)者發(fā)現(xiàn)語(yǔ)言的規(guī)律。

Passage 2 

The Chinese have used a method called acupuncture（針灸）to perform operations for about 4,000 years without putting the patient to sleep. This involves placing flexible needles into certain parts of the body. The needles are available in a number of stores in China and anyone may buy them.

To learn how to use the needles takes about one month of training. But to be skillful requires greater time. The person who performs the acupuncture knows how to put in the needles so the needles themselves are not painful. This person also knows where to place the needles so the patient feels no pain in the area where the operation is to be performed. A particular operation might require 25 or more needles placed in various parts of the body. But now this operation requires only 3 or 4 needles.

Today, the Chinese doctors are trying to learn more about acupuncture. They are trying to develop a convincing theory to explain how the needles work in preventing pain, or why a needle in the wrist, for example, would prevent the pain in the area of the mouth.

A patient who needs an operation is given a choice between having acupuncture or having one of the chemicals used for putting him to sleep. It has been estimated that over half of the patients choose acupuncture because there is no sickness after the operation because the chemical may make the patient sick for a few hours or a day.

6. Acupuncture is _____.
　A. a medical operation　B. a medical needle　C. a medical technique　D. a medical machine
答案：A 細(xì)節(jié)題。答案在第一段的第一句話:“中國(guó)人用針灸進(jìn)行手術(shù)已經(jīng)有4000年的歷史了”，因此可以斷定針灸是個(gè)醫(yī)學(xué)手術(shù)。

7. Which statement is not true of the performer of acupuncture?
　A. He knows where to place the needles without pain.
　B. He knows where the operation is to be performed.
　C. He knows how to perform the operation to cure the patient.
　D. He knows how to use the needles in an operation. 
答案：C細(xì)節(jié)題。答案在第二段的第三句話和第四句話�！癟he person who performs the acupuncture knows how to put in the needles so the needles themselves are not painful. This person also knows where to place the needles so the patient feels no pain in the area where the operation is to be performed.”針灸的醫(yī)生知道如何扎針，針就不會(huì)疼；同時(shí)知道把針?lè)旁谑裁次恢貌∪司筒粫?huì)感覺(jué)痛。因此A，B，D都符合文章的內(nèi)容。但是并沒(méi)有提到他知道如何進(jìn)行手術(shù)來(lái)治好病人。只有C是錯(cuò)誤的。

8. To learn how to use the needles, it takes a person _____.
　A. several months　　B .a couple of weeks　　C. a life time　　D. almost one month 
答案：D 細(xì)節(jié)題。答案在第二段的第一句話�！癟o learn how to use the needles takes about one month of training.”學(xué)會(huì)針灸要花費(fèi)一個(gè)月的時(shí)間進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)。

9. It can be learned from the passage that _____.
　A. the person performing the acupuncture knows a lot about the making of needles
　B. an operation now needs fewer needles than in the past
　C. acupuncture has existed in China for as long as 2,000 years
D. few patients prefer acupuncture to chemicals 
答案：B細(xì)節(jié)題。A,C,D均不符合文章的內(nèi)容.從文章第二段的最后兩句話“A particular operation might require 25 or more needles placed in various parts of the body. But now this operation requires only 3 or 4 needles.”說(shuō)明   如今針灸手術(shù)比過(guò)去用的針少了，只有B 符合題意

10. Which is implied but not stated in the passage?
　A. The Chinese mainly use acupuncture to cure strange disease.
　B. The Chinese are learning to be more skillful and efficient in acupuncture.
　C. The Chinese have spread acupuncture all over the world.
　D. Most Chinese patients prefer acupuncture to chemicals in curing diseases.
答案：B 邏輯推理題。從文章的內(nèi)容來(lái)看,A，C，D均不符合。從文章 第二段開(kāi)始談到針灸時(shí)用的針比過(guò)去減少了；第三段又說(shuō)醫(yī)生正在學(xué)習(xí)更多的針灸知識(shí)；例如：他們正在試圖總結(jié)一些可信的理論，針如何能減輕痛苦？為什么把針扎在腰上而能減輕嘴部的疼痛？最后一段又談到，據(jù)估計(jì)一半多的病人愿意選擇針灸治療,因?yàn)獒樉目梢猿�病。因此可以斷定：中�?guó)人的針灸技術(shù)越來(lái)越精湛,越來(lái)越有效。B是正確答案

Passage 3 

Is teaching important? Well, of course it is. There was a time when the necessary knowledge could be taught to the young by family members. But as societies became more complex and division of labor more common, it was impossible for family members to teach the information and skills young people needed to become useful members of the society. As the need for specialists appeared, the job of teaching came into being in our county, and teaching as a job has been of increasing importance over the past hundred years. Today, we have strict rules for teachers. We hope all children can attend schools. Many things tell us that teaching is indeed an" important" job.

In recent years, there has been an increasing need for teachers to be "responsible". This means that the public expects teachers to succeed in teaching important information to the young. Teachers' salaries today, while not much, certainly are much higher than they were in past year. These increases have come about because people have realized that without enough salaries, people who have abilities will not become teachers. Today almost no one says that" anybody will do "for a teacher. The public expects" quality people ＂to teach the young, and progress is being made to give salaries that will make people who have abilities become teachers. 

11. Before the job of teaching came into being, _____.
　A. family members had been responsible for the education of the young
　B. specialists had been in charge of teaching young people
　C. young people had had to be self--educated
　D. the society had played an important role in educating young people 
答A 細(xì)節(jié)題。通過(guò)第一段的第三句話可以斷定:在有教師的工作之前,家庭成員負(fù)責(zé)孩子們的教育是正確的

12. The job of teaching came into being mainly because of _____.
　A. the development of the society   B. the explosion of information
　C. the need for specialists         D. the civilization of human beings 
答案：C 細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段中談到：隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，社會(huì)分工的普遍，家庭成員已經(jīng)無(wú)法滿足孩子們對(duì)知識(shí)、技術(shù)的需求，因此在這種情況下，特別需要專業(yè)人員，教師這個(gè)職業(yè)就應(yīng)運(yùn)而生了。所以教師職業(yè)的出現(xiàn)主要原因是對(duì)專業(yè)人員的需求。

13. Teachers’salaries are raised today in order to _____.
　A. show the importance of teaching as a job
　B. attract more qualified people to become teachers
　C. make teachers" responsible" in their teaching
　D. improve the quality of public teaching 
答案：B 細(xì)節(jié)題。通過(guò)文章的最后一句話可以斷定：增加教師的工資是為了吸引高素質(zhì)的人當(dāng)教師。

14. "Anybody will do" for a teacher means that _____.
　A. almost all people want to become a teacher
　B. a teacher is so highly respected that people all want to help him
　C. a teacher will do whatever he can for his students
　D. the job of teaching is so easy that everybody can do it 
答案：D 語(yǔ)義題。根據(jù)上下文“Anybody will do”意思“教師工作太容易了，什么人都能做”。

15. We know from the passage that _____.
　A. it is important to be successful in teaching the young
　B. enough salaries are necessary in making quality people become teachers
　C. greater progress has to be made in teaching
　D. teaching is a product of the society's division of labor
答案：B 邏輯推理題。首先A, C, D均不符合文章的內(nèi)容。第一段的末尾談到教師是非常重要的工作；第二段又談到：公眾需要“responsible”的教師；“have abilities”的教師來(lái)教育下一代。同時(shí)人們認(rèn)識(shí)到提高教師的工資待遇才能吸引高素質(zhì)的人才成為教師。因此我們可以得出結(jié)論：“優(yōu)厚的工資待遇是吸引高素質(zhì)人才成為教師的必要手段�！敝挥蠦是正確的。

Passage 4 

Though some people have suggested that women should return to housework in order to leave more jobs for men, the idea has been rejected by both women and men in public opinion polls （民意測(cè)驗(yàn)）. Lately some union officials have suggested that too many women are employed in type of work more suitable for men and that women should step aside to make way for unemployed young men. They argue that women — especially women in their childbearing years actually delay economic development and result in lower productivity, poor quality and inefficiency.

To solve the problem, they have suggested that the working women stay at home while their husbands or brothers were given double wages. They argue that under these circumstances, families would retain their same level of income, and women could run the house and raise children much better.

The suggestion has been rejected by 9 out of 10 people polled. A hundred persons in a big city were questioned last summer. Out of 50 women, 46 said they were unwilling to leave their jobs, no matter what the situation was. The other 4 said they would like to return home if their jobs could be taken by their sons or daughters. Of 50 men polled, only 6 said they would like to see their wives give up their jobs, if it meant higher wages for themselves.

Some other people have suggested another way called “phased employment theory”. The theory suggests that a woman worker take leave from her job when she is seven months pregnant（妊娠）and stay off the job until her baby reaches the age of 3. It suggests that women on leave receive75 percent of their normal salary and be allowed to return to work after the 3--year period. This will benefit children, women, their families and the society. Some of those polled, both women and men, felt the idea is a good one. It definitely seems to be more acceptable than the suggestion that women return to home forever.

16. Some union officials have suggested that women should return home because _____.
A. all of them are employed in unsuitable types of work
　B. most skilled male workers are now unemployed
　C. their participation in work has a had influence on the economic development
　D. nowadays no one can take care of children except women 
答案：C 細(xì)節(jié)題。答案可以在第一段的最后一句話找到，他們認(rèn)為婦女：尤其是生育期的婦女，阻礙了經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，結(jié)果導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)效率低，質(zhì)量差。因此可以斷定：他們認(rèn)為婦女應(yīng)該回家的理由是婦女們工作會(huì)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展有不利的影響。C是正確答案。

17. Some union officials have suggested that if women resign their jobs, _____.
　A. they should be allowed to attend school to be trained
　B. their jobs should be taken over by the male members of their families
　C. the male employees in their families should receive double wages
　D. their children should also leave their kindergartens 
答案：C 細(xì)節(jié)題。答案在第二段的第一句話，他們建議：如果婦女辭職，她們家庭中的男性雇員應(yīng)當(dāng)掙雙份工資。

18. According to the passage, the suggestion that women should return to housework was ____.
　A. opposed by most men and women　　      B. welcomed by men only
　C. welcomed by women only            D. welcomed by men and women 
答案：A 細(xì)節(jié)題。答案在第三段。“對(duì)50名婦女的調(diào)查結(jié)果是：46位婦女不愿意辭職回家, 不管是什么情況；4位婦女愿意回家,如果她們的子女能接替他們的工作的話�！薄皩�(duì)50名男性的調(diào)查結(jié)果是：只有6名愿意他們的妻子放棄工作,如果他們的工資能提高的話�！币虼�，絕大多數(shù)男女都反對(duì)婦女回家做家務(wù)

19. From the passage we can see" phased employment" means _____.
　A. two or more women share the same job
　B. women stay at home on weekdays and go to work on weekends or holidays
　C. a woman should resign her job forever if she has a child
　D. women are allowed to take leave from their jobs during their childbearing years 
答案：D 細(xì)節(jié)題。文章的第四段告訴我們，婦女可以在懷孕七個(gè)月的時(shí)候請(qǐng)假，一直到孩子三歲的時(shí)候再來(lái)上班。因此婦女生育期間可以請(qǐng)假是正確的。

20. According to the" phased employment" theory, during a woman's leave from her job ___.
　A. her work should be done by her husband or brothers
　B. either her husband or her brothers will be given double wages
　C. her family can still keep the same level of income
　D. her family's income level will be a little lower than it normally is 
答案：D 細(xì)節(jié)題。第四段中有一句話“It suggests that women on leave receive-75 percent of their normal salary and be allowed to return to work after the 3---year period.”因此婦女在此期間她的收入比平常要低。

Part II  Vocabulary and Structure   

21. The _____ of the play is so great that many people want to see it.
　A. attention　　B. attraction　　C. attempt　　D. attack
答案：B 。本句的意思是“這個(gè)劇目有如此大的吸引力，以至于許多人都想看”attraction：吸引。attention: 注意力。attempt：努力。attack：進(jìn)攻，襲擊。因此只有B最符合題意。

22. Do you think they have _____ food for all these people here?
　A. subsequent　　B. beneficial　　C. sufficient　　D. average 
答案：C。本句的意思是：“你認(rèn)為這里的人們都有充足的糧食嗎？”sufficient：充足的，足夠的。C最符合題意。subsequent：隨后的。beneficial：有益的。average：平均的。

23. The old lady _____ on hearing her son’s death.
　A. broke in　　B. broke down　　C. broke out　　D. broke away 
答案：B。break down: 禁不住痛哭，（身體、精神）垮了。When she heard the news she broke down and cried當(dāng)她聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息時(shí)，她失聲痛哭。本句的意思是“當(dāng)聽(tīng)到她兒子死亡的消息是她放聲痛哭�！币虼酥挥蠦最符合題意。break in：非法闖入。The alarm was ringing when the thieves broke in last night.昨晚竊賊闖入的時(shí)候，報(bào)警器響了。break out：爆發(fā)，突然發(fā)生。The economic crisis broke out first in the United States.經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)首先爆發(fā)在美國(guó)。break away斷絕關(guān)系。He broke away from all his old friends.他與所有的老朋友斷絕了來(lái)往。

24. I have to _____ my visit as I'll be very busy next week.
　A. call for　　B. call on　　C. call off　　D. call in 
答案：C。call off：取消，停止。The football match was called off on account of rain.足球賽因下雨取消。本句的意思是“我不得不取消我的出訪，因?yàn)橄轮芴�忙了�！敝挥蠧最符合題意。call for：要求，需求。This invitation does not call for an answer.這張請(qǐng)貼不要求答復(fù)。call on/upon：拜訪，訪問(wèn)。I hope to call on you at your office at 4 o’clock this afternoon.我想下午4點(diǎn)到你的辦公室去拜訪你。call in：召集，請(qǐng)。He called in a mediator to settle the dispute.他請(qǐng)了一位調(diào)解員調(diào)解這次爭(zhēng)執(zhí)。

25. He has been teaching for 2 years, but being a teacher is not his _____.
　A. chance　　B. character　　C. attitude　　D. choice
答案：D。本句的意思是“他已經(jīng)教書(shū)兩年了，但是當(dāng)老師并不是他的選擇。”choice：選擇。只有D最符合題意。chance：機(jī)會(huì)character：性格，特點(diǎn)。attitude：態(tài)度。

26. This is a very _____ situation and we don't know how to face it yet.
　A. comprehensive　　B. compound　　C. complicated　　D. competent
答案：C。complicated:復(fù)雜的。本句的意思是“這是一個(gè)非常復(fù)雜的形勢(shì)，我們還不知道如何面對(duì)�！币虼酥挥蠧最符合題意。comprehensive：綜合的，理解的。compound：混合的，復(fù)合的。competent：能力強(qiáng)的。

27. It is _____ for a person in his position to make such a mistake.
　A. rare　　B. less　　C. little　　D. few 
答案：A。rare:此處的意思是：罕見(jiàn)的。本句的意思是“一個(gè)處在他這樣位置的人難得犯這種錯(cuò)誤。”其它三個(gè)詞不符合題意。

28. Don't forget _____ the window before leaving the room.
　A. to have closed　　B. to close　　C. having closed　　D. closing 
答：B。forget+動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生。I am afraid I will forget to give the letter to him.我擔(dān)心我會(huì)忘了把這封信交給他。（動(dòng)詞不定式表示一個(gè)發(fā)生在forget 之后的一個(gè)將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。）forget +動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生。I forget giving the letter to him.我忘了已經(jīng)把信給他了。（動(dòng)名詞表示一個(gè)發(fā)生在forget之前的動(dòng)作。）類似的動(dòng)詞有remember，regret等。本句的意思是“走的時(shí)候別忘了關(guān)窗戶�！眲�(dòng)作還沒(méi)有發(fā)生，因此用動(dòng)詞不定式。

29. You bad better _____ a doctor as soon as possible.
　A. seeing　　B. saw　　C. see　　D. seen 
答案：C。句型：had better （had best） + 原形不定式 最好; had better （had best）not+原形不定式，最好不要。You had better not go你最好別走。因此只有C符合此用法。

30. The old man is used to _____ early in the morning.
　A. exercise　　B. exercising　　C. exercised　　D. exercises 
答案：B。be used to doing sth：習(xí)慣于做…。句中的to是介詞，因此后面接動(dòng)名詞。

31. Before joining the army, he spent a lot of time in the village _____ he belonged.
　A. to which　　B. which　　C. to where　　D. at which 
答案：A。belong to ：屬于 。因此選 to which。

32. Do you mean this is the _____ decision you have made after thinking for hours?
　A. upright　　B. ultimate　　C. total　　D. tight 
答案：B。ultimate：最終的，最后的。Their ultimate destination was Paris.他們最后的目的地是巴黎。本句的意思是：“這就是你經(jīng)過(guò)幾個(gè)小時(shí)的思考后做出的最后決定嗎？”因此只有B 最符合題意。upright：挺直的，垂直的。A tall upright old man個(gè)頭高、腰背挺的老人。total：總的，全部的。The total number of passengers旅客總?cè)藬?shù)。tight緊的，牢固的。This drawer is so tight that I can’t open it.這抽屜太緊，我開(kāi)不開(kāi)。

33. It is because she is very devoted to her students _____ she is respected by them. 
　A. that　　B. which　　C. what　　D. who
答案：A。本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。It is（was）…that/who；who （只能強(qiáng)調(diào)人）；that（可強(qiáng)調(diào)人和物）因?yàn)楸揪涫菑?qiáng)調(diào)原因，所以只能選擇A。 又如：It is tomorrow that they will have a meeting.就在明天他們要開(kāi)會(huì)。（強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）It is they who（that）will have a meeting tomorrow.就是他們明天要開(kāi)會(huì)。（強(qiáng)調(diào)人，可以用who或that ）

34. I gave John a present but he gave me nothing _____.
　A. in return　　B. in turn　　C. in advance　　D. in vain 
答案：A。in return（for）：作為（對(duì)…的）報(bào)答（或回報(bào)）；作為（對(duì)…的）交換：What can I do in return for your kindness? 我怎么才能報(bào)答你的好意呢？所以只有A最符合題意。in turn：依次，輪流。We’ll cross the bridge in turn.我們將挨個(gè)過(guò)橋。in advance ：預(yù)先，事先。You ought to have told me in advance.你本該事先告訴我的。in vain：徒然，白費(fèi)力。All our work was in vain.我們白干了一場(chǎng)。

35. I cannot tell the _____ difference between the twins.
　A. slender　　B. single　　C. simple　　D. slight
答案：D。slight：輕微的，少量的。He speaks English with a slight German accent.他講英語(yǔ)略帶德國(guó)口音。slight difference：細(xì)微的差別。因此只有D最符合題意。slender：苗條的，修長(zhǎng)的，微小的，微薄的。She was slender and had long dark hair.她身材苗條，頭發(fā)又黑又長(zhǎng)。a slender income微薄的收入，slender confidence：欠缺的信心。Single：?jiǎn)我坏腁 single light was burning in the room.房間里點(diǎn)著一盞孤燈。simple：簡(jiǎn)單的，簡(jiǎn)易的。The point I am making is a very simple one.我想提出的論點(diǎn)很簡(jiǎn)單。