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　　Section III Translation

　　Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

　　"Between 1807 and 1814 the Iberian Peninsula (comprising Spain and Portugal) was the scene of a titanic and merciless struggle. It took place on many different planes: between Napoleon's French army and the angry inhabitants: between the British, ever keen to exacerbate the emperor's difficulties, and the marshals sent from Paris to try to keep them in check: between new forces of science and meritocracy and old ones of conservatism and birth.(46)It was also, and this is unknown even to many people well read about the period, a battle between those who made codes and those who broke them.

　　I first discovered the Napoleonic cryptographic battle a few years ago when I was reading Sir Charles Oman's epic History of the Peninsular War. In volume V he had attached an appendix. "The Scovell Ciphers."(47)It listed many documents in code that had been captured from the French army of Spain, and whose secrets had been revealed by the work of one George Scovell, an officer in British headquarters. Oman rated Scovell's significance highly, but at the same time, the general nature of his History meant that(48)he could not analyze carefully what this obscure officer may or may not have contributed to that great struggle between nations or indeed tell us anything much about the man himself. I was keen to read more, but was surprised to find that Oman's appendix, published in 1914. Was the only considered thing that had been written about this secret ware.

　　I became convinced that this story was every bit as exciting and significant as that of Enigma and the breaking of German codes in the Second World War. The question was, could it be told?

　　Studying Scovell's papers at the Public Record Office (in Kew., west London) I found that he had left an extensive journal and copious notes a work in the peninsula. What was more, many original French dispatches had been preserved in this collection. I realized at once that this was priceless.(49)There may have been many spies and intelligence officers during the Napoleonic Wars, but it is usually extremely difficult to find the material they actually provided or worked on. Furthermore. Scovell's story involved much more than just intelligence work. His status in Lord Wellington's headquarters and the recognition given to him for his work were all bound up with the class politics of the army at the time. His tale of self-improvement and hard work would make a fascinating biography in its own right, but represents something more than that.(50)Just as the code breaking has its wider relevance in the struggle for Spain, so his attempts to make his way up the promotion ladder speak volumes about British society.

　　The story of Wellington himself also gripped me. Half a century ago his campaigns were considered a central part of the British historical mythology and spoon-fed to schoolboys. More recently this has not been the case, which is a great shame. A generation has grown up.

　　46.【題干】It was also, and this is unknown even to many people well read about the period, a battle between those who made codes and those who broke them.

　　【答案】甚至是許多熟悉這段時(shí)期的人都不知道，這也是一場密碼制作者與破解者之間的斗爭。

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　　47.【題干】It listed many documents in code that had been captured from the French army of Spain, and whose secrets had been revealed by the work of one George Scovell, an officer in British headquarters.

　　【答案】它列出了許多從駐扎西班牙的法國軍隊(duì)繳獲的密碼文件，這些文件的秘密已為一名英國總部的軍官喬治·斯科維爾的工作所揭露。

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　　48.【題干】he could not analyze carefully what this obscure officer may or may not have contributed to that great struggle between nations or indeed tell us anything much about the man himself.

　　【答案】他無法仔細(xì)分析這位黑默無聞的軍官對國家間的偉大斗爭做出了什么貢獻(xiàn)，也無法告訴我們關(guān)于其本人的任何事情。

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　　49.【題干】There may have been many spies and intelligence officers during the Napoleonic Wars, but it is usually extremely difficult to find the material they actually provided or worked on.

　　【答案】在拿破侖戰(zhàn)爭期間，可能有許多間諜和情報(bào)官員，但通常很難找到他們實(shí)際提供的處理的材料。

　　 >>>>這里只可以看，下載萬題庫估分，還可以練，可以看解析【點(diǎn)擊下載】

　　50.【題干】Just as the code breaking has its wider relevance in the struggle for Spain, so his attempts to make his way up the promotion ladder speak volumes about British society.

　　【答案】正如破譯密碼在西班牙的斗爭中有更廣泛的意義一樣，他試圖晉升的努力也對英國社會(huì)進(jìn)行了充分說明。

　　 >>>>這里只可以看，下載萬題庫估分，還可以練，可以看解析【點(diǎn)擊下載】

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