Section II Reading Comprehension

　　Part A

　　Directions：

　　Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)

　　Text 1

　　Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley's world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.

　　Parkrun is succeeding where London's Olympic "legacy" is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run-up to 2012-but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to "inspire a generation." The success of Parkrun offers answers.

　　Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.

　　Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally "grassroots", concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods-making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.

　　21.【題干】According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has_____.

　　【選項(xiàng)】

　　A.gained great popularity

　　B.created many jobs

　　C.strengthened community ties

　　D.become an official festival

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】由題干中的關(guān)鍵詞According to Paragraph 1, 可以快速的定位到文中的第一段，第一段講了每周六大約有五萬(wàn)多人都會(huì)在他們當(dāng)?shù)氐墓珗@里跑步，跑步的年齡跨度之大：從4歲的小朋友到祖父母年紀(jì)的人都有;跑步所用的時(shí)間跨度也很大：從世界紀(jì)錄的13分48秒到一個(gè)小時(shí)。由此可見(jiàn)，這是一個(gè)全民運(yùn)動(dòng)，與A選項(xiàng)的 great popularity相互對(duì)應(yīng)，所以選A. 其他選項(xiàng)，B創(chuàng)造了很多就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì);C增強(qiáng)了社會(huì)的凝聚力;D成為一個(gè)官方的節(jié)日;這幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)原文中都沒(méi)有涉及，所以排除。 點(diǎn)擊預(yù)約 逐題權(quán)威視頻解析

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　　22.【題干】The author believes that London's Olympic "legacy" has failed to_____.

　　【選項(xiàng)】

　　A.boost population growth

　　B.promote sport participation

　　C.improve the city's image

　　D.increase sport hours in schools

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】可以發(fā)現(xiàn)原文中第二段第一句話(huà)Parkrun is succeeding where London’s Olympic “l(fā)egacy” is failing與題干中的關(guān)鍵詞London's Olympic “l(fā)egacy” has failed to...對(duì)應(yīng)，所以可以鎖定文章的第二段，從而找出解題的關(guān)鍵。第二段前半部分講了在最初的時(shí)候Olympic的目標(biāo)，然而，事實(shí)卻事與愿違，...but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. 由這句話(huà)可以看出，Olympic并沒(méi)有推動(dòng)大眾的參與性，與預(yù)期的目標(biāo)不符，所以選擇B。 點(diǎn)擊預(yù)約 逐題權(quán)威視頻解析

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　　23.【題干】Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it_____.

　　【選項(xiàng)】

　　A.aims at discovering talents

　　B.focuses on mass competition

　　C.does not emphasize elitism

　　D.does not attract first-timers

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】由題干中的關(guān)鍵詞Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that...可以知道這是想考察Parkrun和Olympic的區(qū)別。追溯到原文，可以看到文中的第三段第一句話(huà)：Parkrun is not a race but a time trial.從這句話(huà)可以排除A和B，因?yàn)锳和B都和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有關(guān)，D選項(xiàng)可以從這一段的這一句話(huà)：there is much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is ...可知，Parkrun有很多第一次參加的人，所以排除D. 最后可以知道，答案選C，因?yàn)閜arkrun不是比賽，所以就不重視精英主義。 點(diǎn)擊預(yù)約 逐題權(quán)威視頻解析

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　　24.【題干】With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should_____.

　　【選項(xiàng)】

　　A.organize "grassroots" sports events

　　B.supervise local sports associations

　　C.increase funds for sports clubs

　　D.invest in public sports facilities

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】由題干中的關(guān)鍵詞the governments should...,可以知道，命題人想要考察的是對(duì)于Parkrun這一項(xiàng)大眾運(yùn)動(dòng)，政府應(yīng)該做點(diǎn)什么。所以，考生要快速的定位到原文中有關(guān)政府的段落，即第四段，If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods—making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. 從這里可以知道，作者希望政府能夠?yàn)镻arkrun提供場(chǎng)所和錢(qián)，并針對(duì)學(xué)校制定相關(guān)條例以鼓勵(lì)全民運(yùn)動(dòng)。由此可以排除A，B，C.最終選擇D。點(diǎn)擊預(yù)約 逐題權(quán)威視頻解析

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　　 25.【題干】The author's attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is_____.

　　【選項(xiàng)】

　　A.tolerant

　　B.critical

　　C.uncertain

　　D.sympathetic

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】由題干中的關(guān)鍵詞the author’s attitude to what UK government have done for sport可以再次鎖定原文中關(guān)于政府的部分，可見(jiàn)這一題與24題是有一定聯(lián)系的。第四段一開(kāi)始作者提出了自己對(duì)政府的期許，但是事實(shí)上，政府卻沒(méi)有達(dá)到這一期許。But successive government have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. 政府負(fù)責(zé)賣(mài)地，從地方政府壓榨金錢(qián)，不重視學(xué)校的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)�？梢�(jiàn)，此處作者指責(zé)政府的一系列行為，由此可以得出答案B. tolerant:寬容的，容忍的; uncertain：含糊的，不確定的;sympathetic：同情的，贊同的。 點(diǎn)擊預(yù)約 逐題權(quán)威視頻解析

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