第 1 頁:完型填空 |
第 2 頁:閱讀理解—傳統(tǒng)篇章閱讀 |
第 4 頁:閱讀理解—新題型 |
第 5 頁:翻譯、寫作 |
第 6 頁:完型填空答案及解析 |
第 7 頁:閱讀理解答案與解析 |
第 8 頁:翻譯、寫作答案及解析 |
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
Our daily existence is divided into two phases, as distinct as day and night. We call them work and play. We work many hours a day and we allow the necessary minimum for such activities as eating and shopping. 46) The rest we spend in various activities which are known as recreations, an elegant word which disguises the fact that we usually do not even play in our hours of leisure, but spend them in various forms of passive enjoyment or entertainment.
We need to make, therefore, a hard-and-fast distinction not only between work and play but, equally, between active play and passive entertainment. 47) It is, I suppose, the decline of active play — of amateur sport — and the enormous growth of purely receptive entertainment which have given rise to a sociological interest in the problem. If the greater part of the population, instead of indulging in sport, spend their hours of leisure “viewing” television programs, there will inevitably be a decline in health and physique. In addition, we have yet to trace the mental and moral consequences of prolonged diet of sentimental or sensational spectacles on the screen. 48) There is, if we are optimistic, the possibility that the diet is too thin and unnourishing to have much permanent effect on anybody. Nine films out of ten seem to leave absolutely no impression on the mind or imagination of those who have seen them.
49) It is only when entertainment is active, participated in, practiced, that it can properly be called play, and as such it is a natural use of leisure. In that sense play stands in contrast to work, and is usually regarded as an activity that alternates with work.
Work itself is not a single concept. We say quite generally that we work in order to make a living. Some of us work physically, tilling the land, minding the machines, digging the coal; others work mentally, keeping accounts, inventing machines, teaching and preaching, managing and governing. 50) There does not seem to be any factor common to all these diverse occupations, except that they consume our time, and leave us little leisure.(356 words)
Section ⅢWriting
Part A
51. Directions:
Read the following Chinese text and write an abstract of it in 80—100 English words on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
幫助孩子重新振作
孩子得不到幫助,后果可能很嚴(yán)重。根據(jù)一次全國(guó)性調(diào)查,父母離婚或分居的小孩在接下來的3年內(nèi)比別的小孩更有可能出現(xiàn)健康問題。父母離婚的小孩留級(jí)率或停學(xué)率可能是別的小孩的兩倍, 需要咨詢的概率很可能比別的小孩多3倍。
僅僅靠時(shí)間無法愈合這類精神創(chuàng)傷,這些孩子需要成年人的幫助。下面提供3項(xiàng)策略,是我在為這類有問題的家庭提供咨詢時(shí)總結(jié)出來的:
一、 盡早將真相告訴小孩。我們提出了以下幾個(gè)辦法:
親自向孩子透露令人沮喪的消息。當(dāng)孩子意識(shí)到自己和他所熟悉并信任的某個(gè)人共同分享真相時(shí),他能正確面對(duì)幾乎任何事。如果有可能,離婚的父母雙方在孩子聽到他們離婚的消息時(shí)都應(yīng)在場(chǎng)。
如果家庭壓力與一個(gè)意外事故有關(guān),要說清楚事故的原委。否則,有些孩子會(huì)產(chǎn)生無端的負(fù)罪感。
如果有較大的突發(fā)事件,要小心地解釋家庭生活可能會(huì)發(fā)生的變化。對(duì)孩子來說,了解任何事實(shí)比不明就里強(qiáng)。
二、 鼓勵(lì)孩子將自己的情緒講出來,但如果孩子還沒準(zhǔn)備好,也別強(qiáng)迫他們。小孩子和成年人一樣,也需要談?wù)勛约旱娜焙。你可以用下面幾個(gè)方法幫他們敞開心扉:
發(fā)生悲劇時(shí),首先跟孩子聊聊你自己的感受和煩惱,以便使孩子更容易表達(dá)出他們的感受。然后問些能引導(dǎo)進(jìn)一步討論的問題。
跟孩子談話要挑選適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)機(jī)和場(chǎng)合。
如果你無法用言語表達(dá)痛苦或擔(dān)憂,可以考慮給你的孩子寫一封信。讓孩子理解你的內(nèi)心感受很重要,這樣他們才能更好地理解他們自己的感受。
三、 著眼于未來。我在伊利諾伊州的幾個(gè)朋友改建了住房。改建工程完成一個(gè)星期后,一場(chǎng)大火毀滅了房子,全家人差點(diǎn)兒葬身火海。
過后,父母和孩子們坐下來談話!耙磺卸歼^去了,”母親說,“以后的生活絕不會(huì)跟以前一樣,一定會(huì)再好起來的!苯(jīng)過一年的努力,全家人搬進(jìn)了新居,新房子就建在原先房子的所在地。他們的財(cái)產(chǎn)比以前少多了,但是他們感情上變堅(jiān)強(qiáng)了,決心在生活上翻開新的一頁。
當(dāng)危機(jī)襲來時(shí),不健康的家庭會(huì)分崩離析,健康的家庭會(huì)向前看,重新構(gòu)建,他們通常會(huì)遵照下面的3條基本原則:
做父母的得先治愈自己的創(chuàng)傷。如果父母中的一方或父母雙方帶頭的話,孩子就比較容易從一次較大的家庭挫折中重新振作起來。衣阿華州立大學(xué)的一些研究人員在研究中西部450個(gè)家庭的青少年受家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難的影響時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn),家庭經(jīng)
濟(jì)問題對(duì)十幾歲少年的影響比其父母對(duì)家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)問題的反應(yīng)要小。
把注意力重新放到家庭的價(jià)值上。不要哀嘆因?yàn)槟愕呐渑紒G掉了他或她的工作你就再也不能享受某些活動(dòng)了,不要喋喋不休地談?wù)摎в谝粓?chǎng)洪水或火災(zāi)的家庭錄影集。
讓小孩子參與對(duì)某些事情的決策,讓他們感到自己在做貢獻(xiàn)。一年春天,一個(gè)有幾個(gè)小孩的朋友意識(shí)到,她那有病的、上了年紀(jì)的祖母再也無法自理,將不得不搬到他們那棟3個(gè)臥室的簡(jiǎn)陋房子里。父母立即和7歲的兒子、兩歲的女兒討論這個(gè)問題!拔覀兌急仨毐M力幫助她! 母親說,“曾祖母需要一個(gè)自己的房間。”她對(duì)7歲的兒子說:“你妹妹還在睡嬰兒床,所以曾祖母只有睡你的床了。”
這男孩將不得不睡在客廳的沙發(fā)床上。“太好了!”男孩說,他為能參與這一重要的家庭決定而感到高興,“我要讓她住我的房間。”老太太搬進(jìn)來后,孩子們似乎能感受到她的需求,無論什么時(shí)候,只要她在場(chǎng),他們甚至?xí)V箲T常的爭(zhēng)吵。
2007年,在做了14年的單身母親后,我再婚了。這件事并沒有給我那3個(gè)已成年的兒子帶來很大的壓力,但這畢竟是一個(gè)很大的調(diào)整。我耐心地等待著他們對(duì)這一重大變化完全適應(yīng)的跡象。
一天晚上,兒子們晚飯后要一起出去,他們一一跟我吻別道晚安。當(dāng)他們走近我的丈夫馬蒂時(shí),我料想他們要和平時(shí)一樣依次跟他握手。然而,先是邁克爾,然后是湯姆和蒂姆,走到馬蒂跟前,第一次和他擁抱。那個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單動(dòng)作表明他們完全接受了這個(gè)繼父和我們新的家庭組合。我自豪地笑了,他們做得很好。他們能處理好他們未來人生道路上的任何問題。為人父母,最感到知足的莫過于此。(1552字)
注:重新振作bounce back。
Part B
52. Directions:
Write an essay of 160—200 words based on the following picture. In your essay, you should
1) describe the cartoon briefly,
2) interpret the social phenomenon reflected by the cartoon, and
3) give your point of view.
You should write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
禮貌與公德何在?
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